Low Grade Papillary Nasopharyngeal Adenocarcinoma (LGPAC) is a very rare tumour of mucosal origin compared to a higher incidence of well differentiated keratinized/non-keratinized nasopharyngeal carcinoma. It is an epithelial tumour with glandular differentiation. Its papillary figure seen histologically, is also seen in metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma. This has caused a significant challenge to the Pathologist to differentiate primary papillary nasopharyngeal adenocarcinoma and metastatic tumour. Thyroid Transcription Factor-1 (TTF-1) is also expressed in subsets of papillary nasopharyngeal adenocarcinoma, which is valuable as a diagnostic tool. LGPAC is a benign-like malignant neoplasm. An early diagnosis with a complete tumour removal via conventional excision or endoscopic approach has offered a good prognosis with low risk of recurrence.
Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia, also known as Osler-Weber-Rendu Syndrome is an autosomal
dominant disorder causing systemic abnormalities of the vascular structure. There are multiple arteriovenous malformations present in the skin and mucosal surface of the nail beds, nose, gastrointestinal tract, lungs and brain. Epistaxis is the common presentation symptom, which may require multiple hospital admissions and blood transfusions. It is extremely rare disease in our population. We report 4 cases of HHT who presented to us with moderate to severe epistaxis and how we managed these patients.
Eosinophil-type nasal polyp (NP) is common in Western population. This aim of
this study was to determine the histology type of NP among different Malaysian
ethnic groups. A total of 122 chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP)
patients were retrospectively enrolled and demographic data was recorded. The
histological slides were retrieved. The number of eosinophils and non-eosinophils
were counted and average number of inflammatory cells for each high power
field was calculated. Eosinophil-predominant was seen in 32.8% of patients and
67.2% was non-eosinophil-predominant. Phenotypes of NP significantly showed an association with ethnicity (x² = 8.322; p < 0.05). A total of 78.9% of Chinese
nasal polyps showed non-eosinophil predominant, while Malay and Indian nasal
polyps revealed 71.9% and 40.7% of non-eosinophilic phenotype, respectively.
Our study showed that Malaysian population had a non-eosinophilic phenotype
of nasal polyps. There was a significant association in Malaysian ethnicity with the
highest percentage in Chinese population.