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Knowledge of diabetes and the practice of diabetes self-management during Ramadan fasting among patients with type 2 diabetes in Malaysia

Japar S, Ong SL, Muhamed Z, Fukunaga K, Kobayashi T, Imachi H, et al.

Diabetes Metab Syndr, 2022 Nov;16(11):102655.
PMID: 36323181 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2022.102655

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: To assess the level of diabetes knowledge and its association with diabetes self-management practices during Ramadan fasting among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving a sample of Malaysian patients with T2D. Patients aged 18 years and above, and attending an outpatient diabetic unit of a government hospital were recruited between February and April 2021. A self-administered questionnaire was utilized to assess diabetes knowledge and diabetes self-management practices.
RESULTS: A total of 306 participants completed the questionnaire. Most of them were females (54.2%) and above 55 years old (75.1%). Resultantly, knowledge of diabetes was considered average among 52% of the participants. Only 9.5% of them avoided the consumption of sweet foods during iftar. Practicing late suhoor (p = 0.012) and self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) (p = 0.026) during Ramadan were significantly associated with a better diabetes knowledge score. Education level (p = 0.000), working status (p = 0.030), and monthly income (p = 0.000) were significantly associated with participants' knowledge level of diabetes. A higher proportion (72.2%) of the participants completed fasting for a month during Ramadan 2020. Meanwhile, hypoglycemia was the main reason (38.8%) for incomplete fasting.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings reflect the need to improve patients' knowledge of diabetes and diabetes self-management practices, especially during Ramadan. Such objectives could be achieved by considering the associated factors identified in this study.
Fulltext Prevalence of pharmacogenomic variants in 100 pharmacogenes among Southeast Asian populations under the collaboration of the Southeast Asian Pharmacogenomics Research Network (SEAPharm)

Runcharoen C, Fukunaga K, Sensorn I, Iemwimangsa N, Klumsathian S, Tong H, et al.

Hum Genome Var, 2021 Feb 04;8(1):7.
PMID: 33542200 DOI: 10.1038/s41439-021-00135-z

Pharmacogenomics can enhance the outcome of treatment by adopting pharmacogenomic testing to maximize drug efficacy and lower the risk of serious adverse events. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is a cost-effective technology for genotyping several pharmacogenomic loci at once, thereby increasing publicly available data. A panel of 100 pharmacogenes among Southeast Asian (SEA) populations was resequenced using the NGS platform under the collaboration of the Southeast Asian Pharmacogenomics Research Network (SEAPharm). Here, we present the frequencies of pharmacogenomic variants and the comparison of these pharmacogenomic variants among different SEA populations and other populations used as controls. We investigated the different types of pharmacogenomic variants, especially those that may have a functional impact. Our results provide substantial genetic variations at 100 pharmacogenomic loci among SEA populations that may contribute to interpopulation variability in drug response phenotypes. Correspondingly, this study provides basic information for further pharmacogenomic investigations in SEA populations.

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