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Predicting the changes in neutralizing antibody interaction with G protein derived from Bangladesh isolates of Nipah virus: molecular dynamics based approach

Dsouza N, C SK

J Biomol Struct Dyn, 2023 Aug 29.
PMID: 37643003 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2252084

The infectious Nipah virus (NiV) is categorized into NiV-M (Malaysia) and NiV-B (Bangladesh) groups based on its genome comparison, pathogenicity, and mortality rate. The development of therapeutic molecules has used NiV-M-derived data in multiple studies than NiV-B. In continuation with this, the protein level investigation is also less explored to understand the interaction with therapeutic neutralizing antibodies for NiV-B. So, this study focuses on understanding the impact of NiV-B-specific mutations on the interaction of therapeutic neutralizing antibodies with the G protein. The population-based comparative analysis of NiV-B G protein sequences with NiV-M sequence identified twenty-six mutations. These predominantly polar mutations were then used to model the mutant protein (G_MT). In a comparative study, the G protein G_MT and reference protein G_WT (Malaysian origin) were subjected to a protein docking with neutralizing human monoclonal antibody HENV26. The binding affinity and the free binding energy of the glycoprotein in complex with G-WT and G_MT were calculated using PRODIGY and MM/PBSA tools respectively. Based on the PRODIGY report, G-WT showed stronger binding (-13.8 kcal/mol) compared to that of the G_MT (-9.0 kcal/mol) with the HENV26 antibody. The stability of the complexes was evaluated using MM/PBSA which showed higher binding energy with HENV26 for G_WT (-75.11 kcal/mol) in contrast to G_MT (-41.66 kcal/mol). The results indicate that the mutant G protein has a reduced ability to bind to neutralizing antibodies, resulting in a decreased effectiveness against strains carrying these mutations.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Microwave-assisted extraction of polysaccharides from Cyphomandra betacea and its biological activities

C SK, M S, K R

Int J Biol Macromol, 2016 Nov;92:682-693.
PMID: 27456125 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.07.062

Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the parameters for microwave-assisted extraction of polysaccharides from Cyphomandra betacea. The results showed a good fit with a second-order polynomial equation that was statistically acceptable at P<0.05. Optimal conditions for the extraction of polysaccharides were: extraction time, 2h; microwave power, 400W; extraction temperature, 60°C; and ratio of raw material to water 1:40 (g/mL). Under the optimized conditions, the yield of polysaccharides was found to be relatively high (about 36.52%). The in vitro biological activities of antioxidant and antitumor were evaluated. The IC50 value of polysaccharides was found to be 3mg/mL. The percentage of Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Our results showed that polysaccharides inhibited proliferation of MCF-7 (Breast carcinoma), A549 (Human lung carcinoma) and HepG2 (Liver carcinoma) with an IC50 of 0.23mg/mL, 0.17mg/mL and 0.62mg/mL respectively after 48h incubation. Polysaccharides were shown to promote apoptosis as seen in the nuclear morphological examination study using acridine orange (AO) and ethidium bromide (EB) staining. This is the first report on the effects of polysaccharides extracted from Cyphomandra betacea which exhibited stronger antioxidant and antitumor activities.
[MRI-Ultrasound Fusion Targeted Transperineal Prostate Biopsy Under Local Anaesthesia Patient-Reported and Biopsy Outcomes: A Single Centre Cohort Study]

Khairul-Asri M G, Jaharudin M EA, Khor V KV, Yusof M R, Mohamad Sharin M F, Jagwani A JA, et al.

Urologiia, 2024 Sep.
PMID: 39563589

OBJECTIVE: To compare the tolerability and feasibility of transrectal(TR) versus transperineal (TP) routes for prostate biopsy under local anaesthesia(LA). To assess the functional outcome and the complication of both procedures.
METHOD: s. A prospective cohort observational study was performed on patients who underwent prostate biopsy under LA. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used during the procedure. International Prostate Symptoms Score (IPSS) and International Index of Erectile dysfunction (IIEF) were assessed before the procedure and in 14 days after the procedure. Complication for each procedure was recorded.
RESULT: A total of 128 patients with 64 patients for each group underwent prostate biopsy by TP and TR under LA. TP targeted biopsy group had comparable pain scores to those who underwent the procedure using the TR routes. The median pain score for the TP group was 2 and TR was 3, (IQR=2, range 0-10 for both groups)with no significant pain difference between both groups (P=0.48). Furthermore, there was no significant difference in urinary function(p=0.68) and sexual function (p=0.19) between the two groups post-procedure. Both groups have similar rates of complications, with no significant difference observed. Urinary tract infection incidents that did occur were rare and did not significantly differ between the groups (p=0.21). None of the patients experienced sepsis postoperatively. AUR was reported in both groups, slightly higher with 9.4%(N=6) in the TP group and 6.3%(N=4) in the TR group however no significant difference(p=0.112) was noted. Haematuria is common in both groups with TP (66%) and TR (59%) but self-limiting with Clavien-Dindo grade I without significant difference (p=0.589).
CONCLUSION: Our results showed that both Transperineal and transrectal approaches have similar tolerability with no significant difference in functional outcome or complications. Further studies are mandatory to verify our results.

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