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Fulltext Role of C-type natriuretic peptide signalling in maintaining cartilage and bone function

Peake NJ, Hobbs AJ, Pingguan-Murphy B, Salter DM, Berenbaum F, Chowdhury TT

Osteoarthritis Cartilage, 2014 Nov;22(11):1800-7.
PMID: 25086404 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2014.07.018

C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) has been demonstrated in human and mouse models to play critical roles in cartilage homeostasis and endochondral bone formation. Indeed, targeted inactivation of the genes encoding CNP results in severe dwarfism and skeletal defects with a reduction in growth plate chondrocytes. Conversely, cartilage-specific overexpression of CNP was observed to rescue the phenotype of CNP deficient mice and significantly enhanced bone growth caused by growth plate expansion. In vitro studies reported that exogenous CNP influenced chondrocyte differentiation, proliferation and matrix synthesis with the response dependent on CNP concentration. The chondroprotective effects were shown to be mediated by natriuretic peptide receptor (Npr)2 and enhanced synthesis of cyclic guanosine-3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP) production. Recent studies also showed certain homeostatic effects of CNP are mediated by the clearance inactivation receptor, Npr3, highlighting several mechanisms in maintaining tissue homeostasis. However, the CNP signalling systems are complex and influenced by multiple factors that will lead to altered signalling and tissue dysfunction. This review will discuss the differential role of CNP signalling in regulating cartilage and bone homeostasis and how the pathways are influenced by age, inflammation or sex. Evidence indicates that enhanced CNP signalling may prevent growth retardation and protect cartilage in patients with inflammatory joint disease.
Fulltext Impact of diabetes mellitus on osteoarthritis: a scoping review on biomarkers

Seow SR, Mat S, Ahmad Azam A, Rajab NF, Safinar Ismail I, Singh DKA, et al.

Expert Rev Mol Med, 2024 Apr 12;26:e8.
PMID: 38606593 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2024.7

Osteoarthritis (OA) commonly affects the knee and hip joints and accounts for 19.3% of disability-adjusted life years and years lived with disability worldwide (Refs , ). Early management is important in order to avoid disability uphold quality of life (Ref. ). However, a lack of awareness of subclinical and early symptomatic stages of OA often hampers early management (Ref. ). Moreover, late diagnosis of OA among those with severe disease, at a stage when OA management becomes more complicated is common (Refs , , , ). Established risk factors for the development and progression of OA include increasing age, female, history of trauma and obesity (Ref. ). Recent studies have also drawn a link between OA and metabolic syndrome, which is characterized by insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia and hypertension (Refs , ).
Fulltext Combined knee osteoarthritis and diabetes is associated with reduced muscle strength, physical inactivity, and poorer quality of life

Seow SR, Mat S, Teoh JJ, Mohamad Yusup A, Rajab NF, Ismail IS, et al.

J Rehabil Med, 2024 Sep 03;56:jrm39986.
PMID: 39225040 DOI: 10.2340/jrm.v56.39986

OBJECTIVE: This study delves into the intriguing connection between knee osteoarthritis and diabetes in Malaysia. Specifically, the exacerbation of knee osteoarthritis in the presence of diabetes in terms of symptoms, physical performance, physical activity, psychological status, social participation, and quality of life was discussed.
DESIGN: This cross-sectional study recruited adults aged 50 and above by convenient sampling and grouped them into: knee osteoarthritis-diabetes-, knee osteoarthritis+diabetes-, knee osteoarthritis-diabetes+, and knee osteoarthritis+diabetes+.
SUBJECTS/PATIENTS: Of 436 recruited participants, 261 (59.8%) participants reported knee osteoarthritis.
METHODS: Handgrip strength, Timed Up and Go test, 6 Meter Walk Test, and 5 Times Sit to Stand Test were measured using standardized procedures. Six questionnaires were administered for the remaining parameters.
RESULTS: Across groups, there were significant differences: 6 Meter Walk Test (p = 0.024), Timed Up and Go test (p = 0.020), and 5 Times Sit to Stand Test (p

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