This is the first population based study on ocular biometric measurements (OBMs) conducted in Malaysia. Its objective is to measure and compare among children of different ethnicity who have myopia and emmetropia. Subsets of children aged between 7 and 8 years old who participated in a larger population based refractive error study had their axial length, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness and vitreous depth measured using A scan and vertical and horizontal corneal curvature measured using an autokeratorefractometer. Eighty eight of the 870 children (10.1%) examined had myopia. Boys, Chinese and children with myopia had significantly longer axial length and vitreous depth compared to girls, Malay and Indian and children who were emmetropic respectively. Girls and children with myopia had steeper corneal curvature. The baseline OBMs in Malaysian children of different ethnicity are valuable for studies in myopia progression. Like other studies, children with myopia have longer axial length (P <0.001). and vitreous depth (P <0.001) compared to children who are emmetropia (without myopia).
PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence of and risk factors for AcriFlex 50CSE hydrophilic acrylic intraocular lens (IOL) opacification approximately 3 years after implantation.
SETTING: Selayang Hospital, Selangor, Malaysia.
DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.
METHODS: Patients who had AcriFlex 50CSE IOL implantation in 2005 and 2006 were identified from operating logbooks and recalled via telephone and letters. Opaque IOLs were explanted and sent for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS).
RESULTS: The review showed that 18 patients had died and 67 had declined examination or could not be contacted, leaving 239 eyes for evaluation. The age of the patients ranged from 25 to 85 years. Of the patients, 83 (34.7%) were Malay, 127 (53.1%) Chinese, and 29 (12.1%) East Indian. The male:female ratio was 1:1. Fourteen eyes of 13 patients (5.4%) had IOL opacification; 1 had bilateral opacification. Five eyes had fine deposits, and 9 eyes had dense opaque deposits. Seven opaque IOLs required explantation. There was no correlation between age (P=.645), sex (P=.319), or race (P=.860) and IOL opacification. Pearson chi-square analysis showed a strong association between diabetes mellitus and IOL opacification (P=.019). Nine (69.2%) of the 13 patients with opacification had diabetes. Scanning electron microscopy and EDS showed calcium and phosphate deposits on the optic surface and intralenticularly near the anterior surface of the optic.
CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate that diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for AcriFlex hydrophilic acrylic IOL opacification. In some cases, opacification affected vision, necessitating explantation. The pathophysiology of this complication is unknown.
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: No author has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.