This research examined how customers’ perceptions of service quality
influence the degree of their involvement and psychological connection to a
sport activity at a fitness center by applying the Psychological Continuum
Model (PCM). Research instruments consisted of the PCM and
SERVQUAL and administered to customers at a fitness centre in Malaysia
(n = 248). In terms of sport involvement, the results showed most subjects
are in the level of attachment. Results showed all dimensions of service
quality have negative mean scores which mean customers are dissatisfied
will all aspects of service quality at the fitness centre. A one-way ANOVA
showed differences in satisfaction with service quality based on the PCM
level of involvement for tangible, reliability, responsiveness, and empathy
dimensions of service quality. Customers at the higher level of involvement
(allegiance) reported less dissatisfaction with the tangible, responsiveness,
empathy, and reliability dimensions of service quality compared with those
at the awareness level.
National Sport Associations, National and International Sport Federations and even the International Olympic Committee continue to struggle with meeting the 20% representation quota of women in executive boards. Although women’s representation as athletes, coaches and officials has increased in national and international sport competitions, this does not hold in leadership, particularly in top positions. In sport leadership, empirical research showed statistical figures that women have gained access in leadership pipeline however, they still lack representation on executive boards. This study is a part of a larger phenomenological investigation intended to identify the factors that influence the persistent underrepresentation of women in top leadership positions. From a purposive maximum variation sampling of seven participants, top women leaders in Malaysia national sport organisations were interviewed about their career paths and experiences concerning how and why women top leaders continue to lag behind their male counterparts. Results suggest that self-limiting behaviors, work-life conflict and interpersonal relationships among other women contribute to the underrepresentation of women in top positions. Factors attributed to social perception of gender and leadership roles incongruence also limited women leaders’ access in organisations, which subsequently contribute to the pipeline problem. Moreover, participants offered suggestions in overcoming the challenges and personal strategies in advancing opportunities and career development.
Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti sama ada terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan dari segi persepsi atlet terhadap gaya tingkah laku jurulatih bola sepak sekolah yang digemari dengan gaya tingkah laku sebenar jurulatih bola sepak di Daerah Alor Gajah. Kajian ini melibatkan semua pemain, iaitu seramai 190 pemain bola sepak pasukan sekolah yang berumur di bawah umur 18 tahun yang telah menyertai Pertandingan Bola Sepak antara Zon Peringkat Daerah Alor Gajah. Instrumen Leadership Scale for Sports (LSS) telah digunakan untuk mengumpul data. Soal selidik ini terdiri daripada 40 item yang telah diedarkan kepada pemain bola sepak. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa gaya tingkah laku kepimpinan yang paling digemari oleh atlet ialah gaya tingkah laku latihan dan arahan (min=3.29) dan gaya tingkah laku demokratik (min=3.20), manakala, dimensi tingkah laku autokratik adalah gaya tingkah laku yang paling tidak digemari (min=2.97). Gaya tingkah laku kepimpinan sebenar jurulatih ialah tingkah laku latihan dan arahan (min=4.49), diikuti dengan tingkah laku demokratik (4.40), maklum balas positif (min=4.40), sokongan sosial (min=4.35), dan tingkah laku autokratik (min=4.20). Tidak terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan dalam semua dimensi tingkah laku jurulatih yang digemari dan sebenar kecuali tingkah laku autokratik. Nilai-t yang diperolehi adalah t (187) =3.18, p=0.002.
In the context of extending the knowledge of coaching in sports in Malaysia
particularly in Sarawak, this study aimed to identify the perception of
student athlete regarding to the coaching behavior, in addition to investigate
the preferred coaching behavior as well as perceived coaching behavior by
the student athlete of track and field sports from Sarawak state. This is a
descriptive study that using equal-size groups in stratified sampling
method. The study consisted of 252 respondents (male, n = 126; female, n =
126), who were secondary school student athletes aged between 13 to 18
years old and had represented their division for competition. Questionnaires
Leadership Scale for Sport (LSS) developed by Chelladurai and Saleh
(1980) was adapted and used as instrument for our research to measure five
coaching behaviors. Based on the Sarawak state sport track and field student
athletes perception on the coaching behavior, findings indicated that the
preferred behavior by student athletes matched with the perceived coaching
behavior of the coach. Study data demonstrated that Instruction and
Training behavior (M = 4.33, SP = 0.67) as the most preferred ranking,
followed by Positive Feedback behavior (M = 4.14, SP = 0.74). The
findings of student athletes' perceptions to perceived coaching behavior that
often existing on the coach is also Instruction and Training behavior (M =
4.13, SD = 0.68), followed by Positive Feedback behavior (M = 3.89, SD =
0.75). As the conclusion, perceptions of student athletes were not differed
by gender, with both boys and girls indicated alike thoughts in their
preferred coaching behavior as well as perceived coaching behavior, which
was Instruction and Training behavior.