Displaying publications 161 - 180 of 257 in total

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  1. Tan CT
    J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 1988 Jul;51(7):944-6.
    PMID: 3204403
    Thirty four patients with cryptococcal meningitis seen in the University of Malaya medical centre since 1980 were reviewed. Eleven patients had bilateral papilloedema and visual impairment but eventually survived. Seven patients had intensive aggressive measures, including shunting to reduce intracranial hypertension irrespective of ventricular size shown in CT scan, and showed substantial improvement in vision. It is concluded that papilloedema and visual failure in cryptococcal meningitis reflects raised intracranial pressure and that this should be treated vigorously.
    Matched MeSH terms: Visual Acuity
  2. Nazrina Hassan, Yong Meng Hsien, Wan Haslina Wan Abdul Halim, Norshamsiah Md Din
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: High altitude retinopathy (HAR) is part of high altitude illness (HAI) which includes acute mountain sickness, high altitude cerebral oedema and pulmonary oedema. We present a case of bilateral HAR with right eye central scotoma during Mount Everest expedition. Case description: A 37-year-old lady presented with decreased right eye (OD) vision and central scotoma during ascending to the top of Mount Everest at 5100m. She developed respiratory symptoms with shortness of breath at the same time and warranted her a rapid descend on day eight of her excursion. Ocular examination revealed visual acuity of 6/36 OD and 6/6 left eye (OS). Both pupils were normal without relative afferent pupillary defect. Anterior segment and intraocular pressure were unremarkable. Fundus examination revealed bilateral multiple retinal haemorrhages along vascular arcades, with macula involvement in the right eye only. Otherwise there was no sign of optic disc swelling, vascular sheathing or choroidal involvement. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the macula showed hyperreflectivity changes on the right fovea at the level of superficial nerve fiber layer. Diagnosis of bilateral HAR was made and treated conservatively. She was also diag-nosed with HAI with acute pulmonary oedema and pneumonia by the treating physician. The retinal haemorrhages started to resolve after two weeks with full recovery of vision in ten weeks. Conclusion: With increasing popularity of mountaineering, ophthalmologists should be prepared to recognise HAR as part of HAI. Visual impairment depends on the location and extent of the lesions. HAR is self-limiting with good prognosis but can be associated with poten-tially fatal conditions of HAI e.g. pulmonary oedema in our case.
    Matched MeSH terms: Visual Acuity
  3. Ong Chin Feng W, Wan Hitam WH
    Taiwan J Ophthalmol, 2020 06 20;10(3):189-196.
    PMID: 33110750 DOI: 10.4103/tjo.tjo_22_20
    Purpose: Peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness might be useful in monitoring ongoing subclinical structural damage especially in eyes with no history of optic neuritis (ON) in neuromyelitis optica (NMO).

    Objective: To evaluate the peripapillary RNFL thickness and optic nerve functions in fellow eye of NMO with unilateral optic neuritis.

    Materials and Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in 2 tertiary hospitals from August 2017 to May 2019. RNFL thickness and optic nerve functions were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Science version 24.

    Results: A total of 26 NMO patients and 26 controls were involved in this study. The median age (IQR) of NMO patients was 32.5 (12) years old. The RNFL thickness was significantly reduced in NMO patients with non-ON eyes as compared to control group. Best corrected visual acuity between the 2 groups were comparable (0.20 vs 0.00, p=0.071). Contrast sensitivity was also reduced in NMO patients (non-ON eyes) at all 5 spatial frequencies. In NMO group, 34.6% have normal colour vision. The mean deviation (MD) of Humphrey visual field (HVF) was higher in NMO group (p<0.001). There was a moderate correlation between RNFL thickness and contrast sensitivity. Weak correlation was found between the RNFL thickness with visual acuity and mean deviation of visual field test.

    Conclusion: Our study showed that the fellow eye of NMO patients with unilateral ON revealed a significant reduction in RNFL thickness and all the optic nerve functions have subtle early changes that signify a subclinical retinal damage.

    Matched MeSH terms: Visual Acuity
  4. Tey MS, Govindasamy G, Vendargon FM
    J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect, 2020 Nov 16;10(1):31.
    PMID: 33191467 DOI: 10.1186/s12348-020-00224-0
    BACKGROUND: Cat scratch disease (CSD) is a systemic illness caused by the gram-negative bacillus, Bartonella henselea, which can occasionally involve the ocular structures. The objective of this study is to evaluate the various clinical presentations of ocular bartonellosis at our institution. A retrospective review of the clinical records of 13 patients (23 eyes) with ocular manifestations of Bartonella infections over a 3-year period between January 2016 to December 2018 was undertaken at our institution.

    RESULTS: The diagnosis was made based on clinical findings and in addition, with the support of the evidence of Bartonella hensalae IgG and/or IgM. Small retinal white lesions were the most common ocular findings in this series of patients (82.6% of eyes, 76.9% of patients). Neuroretinitis was the second most common finding (47.8% of eyes, 69.2% of patients), followed by exudative retinal detachment involving the macula (34.8% of eyes, 53.8% of patients) and Parinaud's oculoglandular syndrome (17.4% of eyes, 23.1% of patients). Other findings like isolated optic disc oedema without macular star (8.7% of eyes, 15.4% of patients) and vitritis (4.3% of eyes, 7.7% of patients) were also observed. Ten patients (76.9%) had bilateral ocular involvement. Most of the patients were young, immunocompetent and had systemic symptoms like fever prior to their ocular symptoms. The visual acuity (VA) at initial presentation ranged from 6/6 to hand movement (mean, 6/20), and at final visit 6/6 to 6/60, (mean, 6/9). 91.7% of patients were treated with antibiotics. Only 2 patients received oral corticosteroids together with antibiotics due to very poor vision on presentation. The visual prognosis of ocular bartonellosis is generally good with 16 (88.9%) of 23 eyes having VA of 6/12 or better at final follow-up visit.

    CONCLUSION: Small foci of retinal white lesions were the most common manifestation of ocular bartonellosis in this series, followed by neuroretinitis, though an array of other ocular findings may also occur. Therefore, we should consider bartonella infection as a possible differential diagnosis in those patients.

    Matched MeSH terms: Visual Acuity
  5. Khairil-Ridzwan KK, Azian A, Hanizasurana H, Shatriah I
    Cureus, 2019 Apr 15;11(4):e4460.
    PMID: 31205846 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.4460
    Senior-Loken syndrome is a rare disorder that presents in the first two decades of life. It commonly manifests with nephronophthisis and retinal dystrophy. We describe a teenager who had end-stage renal failure presenting with bilateral visual impairment due to retinal dystrophy with concomitant unilateral Coats disease and exudative retinal detachment. The patient was treated with a combination of endolaser photocoagulation and external drainage of the subretinal fluid. The final visual acuity remained poor in both eyes. Options of treatment in this challenging situation is discussed in this case report.
    Matched MeSH terms: Visual Acuity
  6. Mohd-Ilham IM, Ahmad-Kamal GR, Wan Hitam WH, Shatriah I
    Cureus, 2019 Apr 08;11(4):e4407.
    PMID: 31205829 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.4407
    Purpose To describe the visual presentation and factors affecting visual outcome in pediatric patients treated for craniopharyngioma at a referral center in the East Coast states of Peninsular Malaysia. Methodology A retrospective review of medical records of children aged 17 years and below who had been treated for craniopharyngioma in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia from January 2014 to December 2018. The data collected included age, gender, presenting symptoms and duration, visual acuity, visual fields, color vision, light brightness, relative afferent pupillary defects, fundus examination and cranial nerves examination. The best corrected visual acuity during presentation, and after a one-year post-operative period, was documented. Records on investigations, surgical procedures, therapeutic modalities and recurrences were also reviewed. Results A total of 11 pediatric patients (22 eyes) were recruited. Fifty percent presented with optic atrophy. The mean duration of the onset of symptoms before consultation was 22.3 (24.5) months. A final best corrected visual acuity of 6/12 (20/40) or better was observed in 50% of the patients. There was a statistically significant association between presenting visual acuity, optic nerve function and visual field defects, and the final visual outcome. Conclusions Visual presentations in our study were fairly similar to previous reported studies. One-third presented late with permanent visual loss. Almost half had significant visual impairment after one-year post-operative period. Significant associations were observed between presenting visual acuity, duration of symptoms, impairment of optic nerve function tests, and visual field defects during presentation, and final visual acuity at one year after treatment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Visual Acuity
  7. Neoh, Pei Fang, Tai, Evelyn L.M., Liza Sharmini A.T.
    MyJurnal
    We report a case of cavernous sinus thrombosis in a post-splenectomy male with underlying Haemoglobin E Thalassemia major. A 35-year-old man presented with a first episode of sudden onset of diplopia on lateral gaze for 1 week. He had no other ocular and systemic symptoms. There was no history of trauma or recent infection. However, he admitted that he was not compliant to his oral penicillin V and aspirin, which was prescribed to all post splenectomy patients. Unaided visual acuity in both eyes was 6/6. On examination, there was limited abduction over the left eye, suggestive of left lateral rectus palsy. Full blood count revealed leucocytosis with thrombocytosis. Magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic resonance angiography and magnetic resonance venography of the brain showed bulging of the left cavernous sinus, with a persistent focal filling defect, in keeping with left cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST). He was diagnosed with left isolated sixth nerve palsy secondary to aseptic cavernous sinus thrombosis with pro-thrombotic state post-splenectomy. He was started on subcutaneous fondaparinux and oral warfarin. His diplopia fully resolved after 1 month of treatment with complete resolution of CST on computed tomography venogram.
    Matched MeSH terms: Visual Acuity
  8. Ghani Siti-Ilyana, Koh, Yi-Ni, Embong Zunaina
    MyJurnal
    Toxoplasmic optic neuropathy is rare and usually occurs monoocularly. This case report demonstrates a rare presentation of bilateral
    juxtapapillary retinochoroiditis (Jensen disease) due to toxoplasma infection in
    a young healthy patient. A 20-year-old lady presented with bilateral painless
    blurring of central vision for 5 days duration. It was preceded by fever, upper
    respiratory tract symptoms and headache. There was no history of contact or
    being scratched by a cat. Visual acuity was counting fingers for the right eye
    and 6/45 for the left eye. There was presence of relative afferent pupillary
    defect in the right eye. Optic nerve functions were impaired bilaterally which
    was severe in the right eye. Both eyes showed the presence of mild anterior
    segment inflammation and vitritis. Fundus examination revealed juxtapapillary
    retinochoroiditis bilaterally with swollen optic disc. Optical coherence
    tomography (OCT) showed presence of intra-retinal and sub-retinal fluid at
    macular area bilaterally. Serology for anti-toxoplasma Immunoglobulin G (IgG)
    was positive with titre of 1450 IU/ml. Computed tomography scan (CT scan) of
    brain and orbit was normal. A diagnosis of bilateral juxtapapillary
    retinochoroiditis or Jensen disease was made. Oral azithromycin 500 mg daily
    and guttae prednisolone 4 hourly for 6 weeks was commenced. Oral
    prednisolone 50 mg daily (1 mg/kg/day) was added after completion of 1 week
    of antibiotic and was tapered down within 5 weeks. There was improvement of
    vision as early as 3 weeks post initiation of the treatment. Upon 6 weeks
    completing the treatment, her vision has improved to 6/7.5 on both eyes with
    resolution of optic disc swelling and sub-retinal fluid. Early recognition and
    initiation of treatment in toxoplasma infection associated with juxtapapillary
    retinochoroiditis usually result in good visual prognosis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Visual Acuity
  9. Azhan, A., Mutasim, H., Abdul-Hadi, R., Khairul-Anwar, I., Zunaina, E.
    MyJurnal
    Macular branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO), a type of retinal vein occlusion, is rarely recognised as a distinct entity. Macular BRVO has unique clinical features and different natural courses than the major BRVO. We report a case of a young patient with macular BRVO with macular oedema who was successfully treated with intravitreal ranibizumab injection. A 43 year-old Chinese man with no underlying medical illness presented with 2 weeks history of left eye painless reduced central vision which was worsening over time. On examination, his left eye visual acuity was 6/30 and Amsler chart drawing showed a lower central scotoma. Dilated fundus examination found marked flame-shaped retinal hemorrhages with cotton wool spot over the superior macular area bounded superiorly by superior arcade and macular thickening. An optical coherence tomography revealed cystoid macular oedema; and fundus fluorescein angiography showed occlusion of a small venous branch draining a superior part of macula to superior temporal venous arcade. A complete medical investigation found that he has hypertriglyceridemia and he was managed accordingly. His vision had improved to 6/6 after receiving 3 injections of intravitreal ranibizumab with no residual central scotoma and complete resolution of macular oedema.
    Matched MeSH terms: Visual Acuity
  10. Muhamad-Amin, R., Nur Hasnida Gani, Liza-Sharmini, A.T., Zamli, A.H.
    MyJurnal
    Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common
    childhood leukaemia. It is a malignant neoplasm caused by the proliferation of
    poorly differentiated precursors of the lymphoid cells. It is relatively
    uncommon in adult. In adult ALL, central nervous system (CNS) involvement
    is associated with poor prognosis. The incidence of CNS involvement has
    been reported between 7% and 15 %. We report a case of optic nerve
    infiltration in ALL in a 49 years old gentleman. He was diagnosed with
    precursor-B ALL. He was treated with chemotherapy and CNS prophylactic
    regime. He presented with sudden left eye loss of vision for one-day duration
    with history of right eye inferior visual field loss for the past three months. His
    visual acuity was no perception to light on the left eye and 6/9 on the right
    eye. There was marked left relative afferent pupillary defect. The right eye
    showed decreased in optic nerve function with inferior visual field defect.
    Anterior segment examination was unremarkable in both eyes. Left optic disc
    appeared normal but the right optic disc was pale. Blood investigation
    showed no sign of infection or haemoconcentration. Cerebral spinal fluids
    examination revealed abundant of white cells and blast cells. Magnetic
    resonant imaging showed bilateral optic nerve enhancement suggesting of
    bilateral optic nerves infiltration. He was started on a new regime of
    chemotherapy followed by cranial radiotherapy. Unfortunately, he succumbed
    to death due to septicaemia. There are variations in clinical presentation of
    optic nerve infiltration in leukaemic patients. Normal appearance of optic disc
    may not exclude the possibility of infiltration by malignancy. Assessment of
    the optic nerve function and imaging is helpful for the detection of leukaemic
    infiltration. Early detection of optic nerve infiltration is important for initiation or
    change of therapy to prevent mortality.
    Matched MeSH terms: Visual Acuity
  11. Chee, Yik Chang
    MyJurnal
    A 24-year-old female complained of a 2-week history of fever and right-eye swelling. There was no ocular pain, blurring of vision, or history of prior trauma to the affected eye. On examination, she was febrile and not in respiratory distress. The right lower eyelid appeared swollen with skin erythema (Figure 1), while the visual acuity was normal. The white cell count was 14.8 × 103/μL (normal range = 4 – 10 × 103/μL). Her liver and renal function tests were within the normal range. The abdominal ultrasonography revealed multiple splenic microabscesses, while chest radiograph was normal. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the orbit showed a right lower eyelid abscess with extension into the right nasolacrimal duct (Figure 2). Incision and drainage of the eyelid abscess were performed and the culture of the pus, as well as the blood, yielded Burkholderia pseudomallei. She received intravenous ceftazidime 2 g every 8 hours for 4 weeks, followed by oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for 20 weeks’ duration. The right eyelid abscess and splenic microabscesses resolved completely post-treatment. Please interpret the figures and suggest the provisional diagnosis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Visual Acuity
  12. Lim JJ, Salowi MA, Adnan TH, Anuar NA, Ngah NF, Choo MM
    Med J Malaysia, 2021 03;76(2):190-198.
    PMID: 33742627
    INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to compare the visual outcomes of phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation (IOL) surgery in patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM) in Malaysia over a 12-year period and to identify factors that may contribute to poor visual outcome.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data was retrieved from the webbased Malaysian Cataract Surgery Registry (CSR). Perioperative data for cataract surgery performed from 2007- 2018 were analysed. Inclusion criteria were age ≥40 years, phacoemulsification and IOL and senile cataract. Combined surgeries, surgeries performed by trainees and ocular comorbidities were excluded. Post-operative Best-Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) were compared. Factors affecting poor visual outcomes among those with DM were analysed using multivariate logistic regression to produce adjusted odds ratio (OR) for variables of interest.

    RESULTS: Total number of cases between 2007-2018 was 442,858, of whom 179,210 qualified for our analysis. DM group consisted of 72,087 cases (40.2%). There were 94.5% cases in DM group and 95.0Ź from non-DM group who achieved BCVA ≥6/12 (p<0.001). Among patients with DM, advanced age (70-79 years old, OR: 2.54, 95% Confidence Interva, 95%CI: 1.91, 3.40; 80-89 years old, OR: 5.50, 95%CI: 4.02, 7.51), ≥90 years, OR: 9.77, 95%CI: 4.18, 22.81), poor preoperative presenting visual acuity [<6/18-6/60] (OR: 2.40, 95%CI: 1.84, 3.14) and <6/60-3/60 (OR: 3.00, 95%CI: 2.24, 4.02), <3/60 (OR 3.63, 95%CI: 2.77, 4.74)], presence of intraoperative complication (OR 2.24, 95%CI: 1.86, 2.71) and presence of postoperative complication (OR 5.21, 95%CI: 2.97, 9.16) were significant factors for poor visual outcome.

    CONCLUSIONS: Visual outcomes following phacoemulsification with IOL implantation surgery among cases with DM were poorer compared to cases without DM. Risk factors for poor visual outcomes among cases with DM were identified.

    Matched MeSH terms: Visual Acuity
  13. Amir NN, Kamaruzzaman SB, Effendi-Tenang I, Jamaluddin M, Tan MP, Ramli N, et al.
    Eur Geriatr Med, 2021 Apr;12(2):313-319.
    PMID: 33486745 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-021-00450-2
    PURPOSE: Using data from the Malaysian Elders Longitudinal Research (MELoR), this study investigated the association between visual function (visual acuity and contrast sensitivity) and frailty in a group of urban-dwelling older adults.

    METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study. 1332 participants aged ≥ 55 years were selected by random sampling from the parliamentary electoral register. Only 1274 participants completed the frailty assessment and 1278 participants completed the contrast sensitivity assessment. Impaired vision was defined as a Snellen visual acuity of worse than 6/12 in the better eye. Poor contrast sensitivity was defined as a score on the Pelli Robson chart of lower than 1.65. Frailty was defined with the Fried's phenotype criteria. Inter-group comparisons were determined with the independent T-test for continuous variables and the Pearson's Chi-squared test for categorical variables. The odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to evaluate the cross-sectional association between frailty and visual function.

    RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 68.8 ± 7.5 years, of which 58.1% (774) were women. Impaired vision and poor contrast sensitivity were present in 187 (14%) and 271 (21.2%) subjects respectively. 73 (5.8%) individuals were classified as frail, 1161 (91.0.%) pre-frail, and 40 (2.8%) non-frail. There was no significant difference in frailty phenotypes between those with good and impaired vision (p = 0.241). Fried's component of handgrip strength, gait speed and exhaustion were significantly better in those with good visual function (p 

    Matched MeSH terms: Visual Acuity
  14. Mah HY, Ishak WS, Abd Rahman MH
    Geriatr Gerontol Int, 2020 Oct;20(10):911-916.
    PMID: 32820857 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14011
    The present study aimed to examine the prevalence of dual sensory impairment, and to identify its risk factors among community-dwelling older adults in Selangor.

    METHODS: Secondary analysis was carried out on data collected by the Grand Challenge Project among older adults aged ≥65 years from Selangor. Data on sociodemographic information, medical history, cognitive function and functional performance were obtained through face-to-face interviews using standardized questionnaires. Visual acuity was measured using the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) chart while hearing was assessed using pure-tone audiometry. Descriptive analysis was used to measure the prevalence of the impairments, and logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors.

    RESULTS: The prevalence of dual sensory impairment and hearing impairment were at 10.5% and 76.2% respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that participants with lower cognitive scores were associated with dual sensory impairment (odds ratio, 0.90; 95% confidence interval, 0.83-0.98), while smoking was found associated with hearing impairment (odds ratio, 6.58; 95% confidence interval, 1.51-28.65).

    CONCLUSION: Dual sensory impairment is common among older adults in Selangor. The association between dual sensory impairment and cognitive function suggests the need to have visual and hearing screening on older adults for early detection particularly those at risk of cognitive impairment. The prevalence of hearing impairment was reported high among older adults and smokers appeared to be at higher risk of the impairment. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20: 911-916.

    Matched MeSH terms: Visual Acuity
  15. Linggam, Rachel Clarice, Arifah Nur Bt Yahya, Muhassanah Aliah Bt Baharum
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Vision is an important requirement for learning and plays a critical role in the development of a child during the first three years of life. Little is known regarding the extent of visual impairment amongst preschool children in Sabah.
    Objective: To determine visual status among preschool children in Kota Kinabalu and to determine prevalence of refractive error among children who were referred by the programme.
    Methodology: A retrospective cohort study of clinical records was conducted at Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Queen Elizabeth, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah from May to September 2017. Criteria for failed vision were VA 6/12 (0.3 LogMar) or worse. All records of referred children were selected for prevalence of refractive error. Data collected include basic demographic data, visual acuity and refractive error. Myopia was defined as spherical equivalent (SE) ≥−1.00 DS, hyperopia SE ≥+3.00 DS and astigmatism ≥−1.50 DC.
    Results: A total of 192 children age 4 to 6 years old were screened, comprised of 102 (53.1%) male and 90 (46.9%) female (mean age: 5.81 ± 0.41 years). Of the 192 students, 39 (20.3%) of them failed vision screening. Among the 39 children, only 17 children came for further eye assessment. Twelve (70.6%) of them had a binocular visual impairment (VI) while 5 (29.4%) children had monocular VI. Six years old children were found to have VI more compared to other age groups (n= 14, 82.4%) and majority of this age group having binocular VI (n=10, 83.3%). Mean SE was −0.60 ± 0.94. Astigmatism is the commonest type of refractive error found with a prevalence of 41.4% followed by myopia, 27.6%.
    Conclusion: This study was the first attempt to investigate the visual status among preschool in Kota Kinabalu. As most children were found with astigmatism, early detection of significant refractive error could help to minimize the effect of VI.
    Matched MeSH terms: Visual Acuity
  16. Waheeda-Azwa H, Norihan I, Tai ELM, Kueh YC, Shatriah I
    Taiwan J Ophthalmol, 2020 02 12;10(4):278-283.
    PMID: 33437601 DOI: 10.4103/tjo.tjo_71_19
    PURPOSE: The available data on strabismus surgery in South East Asian countries are scarce. This study aimed to identify visual outcome and factors influencing surgical outcome of horizontal strabismus surgery in a Southeast Asian cohort.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review of patients who underwent horizontal strabismus surgery between 2013 and 2017 in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia was conducted. Surgery was considered successful if the post-operative deviation was within 10 prism diopters at 6 months' postoperative period. Factors influencing the outcome of surgery at 6 months were identified. Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used in data analysis.

    RESULTS: Ninety-eight patients were included. Both genders were equally affected. Exotropia (58.2%) was the most common type. About 65.3% of patients had alternating strabismus, while 51% had an angle of deviation of more than 45 prism diopters. Amblyopia was documented in 14.3% of patients. Those operated on below 10 years of age comprised 64.3%. Ninety-four patients completed follow-ups at 6 months after the surgery. The success rate was 81.6%. Approximately 92% of the patients had best-corrected visual acuities of 6/12 and better at 6 months' postoperative period. There was no significant association between age of onset, gender, presence of amblyopia, type of deviation, amount of deviation, and postoperative best-corrected visual acuity with surgical outcome at 6 months' postoperative period (P > 0.05).

    CONCLUSION: The success rate was good. Postoperative best-corrected visual acuity was promising. Age of onset, gender, presence of amblyopia, type of deviation, amount of deviation, and postoperative best-corrected visual acuity did not influence the outcome of horizontal strabismus surgery in our review.

    Matched MeSH terms: Visual Acuity
  17. Yihui Goh, Pooi Wah Lott, Sujaya Singh
    MyJurnal
    A 42-year-old gentleman presented with left eye pain after accidental contact with Euphorbia lactea sap while gar- dening. At presentation, left eye best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/30. Ocular examination revealed left eye conjunctiva congestion and cornea abrasion. Eye symptoms and BCVA deteriorated over 12 hours. Cornea showed diffuse stromal oedema with presence of anterior uveitis. A diagnosis of toxic keratouveitis was made. He was treat- ed with intensive topical steroids, cycloplegics, lubricants, prophylactic antibiotics and oral non-steroidal anti-in- flammatory analgesic. Patient achieved complete resolution two weeks later. We aim to raise awareness among the ophthalmologists to detect and manage these injuries.
    Matched MeSH terms: Visual Acuity
  18. Patricia Ann John, Sylves Patrick, Mohtar Ibrahim, Adil Hussein
    MyJurnal
    A 64-year-old Malay gentleman alleged occupational injury when a malfunctioned metal hydraulic door hit on his face while unloading sand from his tipper-truck. Post-trauma, he complained of right eye (RE) pain and total loss of vision. On examination, noted RE visual acuity was unable to be assessed and left eye (LE) was 6/24 with pinhole 6/9. No eyeball could be seen in the right socket with superior orbital rim step deformity and left periorbital haema- toma. Computed tomography scan of the brain and orbit confirmed displaced right eye globe into the right anterior cranial fossa with right and left multiple orbital wall fractures. He then underwent successful right eye globe reposi- tioning. Traumatic orbital roof fracture is a rare condition. Repositioning of the eye globe was done to salvage the eye globe for a cosmetic reason and to avoid localised inflammatory reaction at the anterior cranial fossa.
    Matched MeSH terms: Visual Acuity
  19. Nurul-Ain M, Khairul Kamal ZN, Wan Hitam WH, Abd Munaaim M, Mohd Zaki F
    Cureus, 2021 Apr 13;13(4):e14452.
    PMID: 33996312 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.14452
    Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody disease has been recognised as a distinct demyelinating disorder. Optic neuritis has been reported as the most common presentation and manifestation of this spectrum disorder. This is a case series of three MOG optic neuritis patients. Patients involved are female with disease onset ranging between 7- and 37-year-old. Most of these patients experienced symptoms of profound reduced visual acuity with eye pain. All three patients had optic disc swelling upon first presentation and they experienced at least one episode of bilateral simultaneous optic neuritis. Only one patient had demonstrable optic nerve enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Disease was confirmed through positive MOG antibody. Patients typically responded well to intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) during acute attack of optic neuritis. However, one patient had suboptimal response to IVMP after multiple relapses. We noted multiple relapses of optic neuritis are common in MOG patients. MOG optic neuritis is a devastating, but treatable condition. Aggressive treatment during acute optic neuritis attack and relapse prevention may favour a good visual prognosis in MOG antibody disease.
    Matched MeSH terms: Visual Acuity
  20. Chen KJ, Lai CC, Chen HC, Chong YJ, Sun MH, Chen YP, et al.
    Microorganisms, 2021 Apr 24;9(5).
    PMID: 33923356 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9050918
    Enterococcus faecalis is known to cause severe acute endophthalmitis and often leads to poor visual outcomes in most ophthalmic infections. This retrospective study is to report the clinical settings, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, and visual outcome of E. faecalis endophthalmitis at a tertiary referral institution in Taoyuan, Taiwan. E. faecalis endophthalmitis was diagnosed in 37 eyes of 37 patients. Post-cataract surgery was the most common cause (n = 27, 73%), followed by bleb-associated (n = 3, 8%), endogenous (n = 2, 5%), corneal ulcer-related (n = 2, 5%), post-vitrectomy (n = 1, 3%), post-pterygium excision (n = 1, 3%), and trauma (n = 1, 3%). Visual acuities upon presentation ranged from counting fingers to no light perception. Pars plana vitrectomy with intravitreal antibiotics were performed in 23 eyes (76%) as primary or secondary treatment. All isolates (37/37, 100%) were sensitive to vancomycin, penicillin, ampicillin, and teicoplanin. Six of 22 eyes (27%) were resistant to high-level gentamicin (minimum inhibitory concentration > 500 mg/L). Final visual acuities were better than 20/400 in 11 eyes (30%), 5/200 to hand motions in 4 eyes (11%), and light perception to no light perception in 22 eyes (59%). Three eyes were treated with evisceration. Compared with non-cataract subgroups, the post-cataract subgroup showed a significant difference of better visual prognosis (p = 0.016).
    Matched MeSH terms: Visual Acuity
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