Displaying publications 161 - 180 of 239 in total

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  1. Fulltext Outcomes Of Dichotomizing A Continuous Variable In The Psychiatric Early Readmission Prediction Model
    Ng, C.G.
    Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 2010;19(1):1-7.
    MyJurnal
    Objective: To illustrate the results of dichotomizing a continuous variable in a prediction model. Method: 202 patients who were discharged from the psychiatric ward, University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC) from 27th August 2007 to 15th April 2008 were recruited. The general psychopathology was measured with Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS-24). The information on age, gender, race, marital status, occupation, psychiatric diagnosis, first onset, electroconvulsive therapy, substance use, oral treatment and depot injection were collected. On follow up, the patients who had early readmission.
    Matched MeSH terms: Substance-Related Disorders
  2. Fulltext Readiness for Behavioural Change and its Relation to Healthrelated Quality of Life in Opiod Dependents Patients
    Lua, P.L., Talib, N.S., Selamat, N.W.
    Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 2011;20(2):1-15.
    MyJurnal
    Study on motivational readiness for change is crucial to promote understanding of behavioural change among Methadone Maintenance Tretment (MMT) patients. A widely used method recently is via Stages of Change and Treatment Eagerness Scale for drug abusers (SOCRATES-8D). The aims of this study were to; 1) determine the general level of readiness for change, 2) assess differences in terms of readiness to change (RtC) based on socio-demography and clinical characteristics and 3) compare RtC with different health-related quality of life (HRQOL) levels. Methods: A convenient sample of MMT volunteers from Terengganu, Malaysia was enrolled. The SOCRATES-8D was administered (3 subscales; Likert-type responses 1-5; higher score, better RtC). Data was analysed using SPSS 15, employing descriptive statistics and non-parametric tests for score comparisons. Results: The mean age of 55 Malay respondents was 37.0 years, male (98.2%), = lower secondary qualification (65.5%) and addiction period > 15 years (52.7%). Generally the Recognition level was "low", Ambivalence and Taking Steps were moderately-rated. Most of them within unsatisfactory levels of RtC. Abusers with < 20 months treatment were significantly "more ready" for behavioural changes (p0.05). Conclusion: Findings demonstrated that patients were rather ready to adopt positive behavioural changes regardless of their sociodemographic backgrounds. Thus continuous efforts and psychosocial support from various authorities should be geared towards enhanced readiness as part of ensuring the success of MMT programme in the future.
    Matched MeSH terms: Substance-Related Disorders
  3. Fulltext Quality of life assessment of opioid substance abusers on methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) in University Malaya Medical Centre
    Lim DS, Sambamoorthy VR, Ling DSY, Syed Aznal SS
    ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, 2009;10(1):8-18.
    MyJurnal
    Objective: In Malaysia, opioid abuse is an acknowledged problem with severe health and economic repercussions. Until recently, drug addicts were mainly criminalised and forcefully rehabilitated in correctional facilities. However, the high relapse rates of this approach, coupled with the high rates of blood borne infections among drug users, led to increasing acceptance of a healthcare-based approach in the rehabilitation of drug addicts. Methadone was among the medications introduced as substitution maintenance therapy in 2005 and Universiti Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC) is a centre for MMT. This study aimed to determine the effects of MMT on quality of life in patients here. Methods: The sample was 46 patients who attended the Psychiatric outpatient clinic in fill in UMMC. The instrument used to assess quality of life was the WHOQOL-BREF. Results: The study design was cross-sectional with retrospective elements. Baseline QOL scores were obtained from case records and follow-up scores from the month of September 2007. Statistically significant improvements in all four domains of WHOQOL-BREF were found. Physical: p

    Study site: Psychiatric outpatient clinic, Universiti Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC
    Matched MeSH terms: Substance-Related Disorders
  4. Fulltext Methamphetamine abuse in sexual minorities: a case report
    Lai, M.H., Norliza, C.M., Marhani, M.
    Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 2012;21(2):57-60.
    MyJurnal
    Methamphetamine production and abuse increased significantly in Malaysia. Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) populations have higher prevalence of substance abuse compared to general population. Their unmet needs pose greater challenges in managing their substance related disorders. This paper described the agony of a Malaysian lesbian with gender identity disorder who abused substances and developed amphetamine-induced psychosis. Her sexual identity issue was explored in managing her substance related disorders to improve her outcome.
    Matched MeSH terms: Substance-Related Disorders
  5. Fulltext Coping styles and Stroop test in non-clinical sample: exploring the associations and predictors of cognitive styles
    Chang, Teo Yong, Nasir Yusoff, Begum, Tahamina
    ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, 2015;16(1):75-83.
    MyJurnal
    Objective: Literatures on factors influencing performance of the Stroop interference have been elusive on coping styles. Past investigations of coping influence on Stroop test have been indirect and inconclusive due to variability of multidimensional coping models and application of different Stroop test. The concept of constricted versus flexible or broad cognitive style have linked personality and coping styles to Stroop performance. The objective of this study was to determine the associations of coping styles with Stroop resistance towards interference (Stroop RI) and subsequently determine the predictors of Stroop performance. Methods: This was a cross-sectional community research design study with purposive sampling. In this study, the self-administered Brief COPE inventory questionnaires and Stroop Test were performed among 205 undergraduate medical students. Results: Findings revealed that behavioural disengagement (r=-0.361), dysfunctional coping (r=-0.355), self-blame (r = 0.222), and substance abuse (r = -0.173) showed negative correlation and proven strong association with Stroop RI. Further multiple regression analyses identified behavioural disengagement (R2 = 0.13), and dysfunctional coping (R2 = 0.024) as significant predictors for interference. Conclusion: Coping styles have implication on Stroop test exhibited in varied cognitive styles. Integrating coping styles factor on Stroop test has glimpsed the future direction of other neuropsychological assessment batteries on the importance of profiling individualistic baseline norms. ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 16 (1): January – June 2015: XX XX.
    Matched MeSH terms: Substance-Related Disorders
  6. Fulltext Psychiatric disorders among young male adult prisoners: a cross sectional study in a Malaysian prison
    Azlin, B., Salina Akhtar, M. Y., Nik Ruzyanei, N. J., Hazli, Z., Normala, I.
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2010;6(2):65-70.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: In recent years there has been an increase in the number of young people in prison. This
    study is the first to look at the proportion of psychiatric disorders among young adult prisoners. Objective: The main objective is to determine the percentage of psychiatric disorders among young adult male prisoners Method: A cross sectional study of young adult male prisoners, with ages ranged between 18 and 21 years old, was conducted between September and December, 2008 at the Kajang Prison. A total of 225 inmates participated in the study which used the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I) as its instrument. Results: The percentage of psychiatric disorders was 60.0%. Alcohol and substance related disorders had the highest prevalence at 50.2%, followed by Major Depressive Disorders and Dysthymia at 16.9%. About 39.6% were observed to have antisocial personality disorder. Psychiatric disorders were found to have significant differences (p
    Matched MeSH terms: Substance-Related Disorders
  7. Fulltext Epigenetics, mental health and transgenerational epigenetic effects
    Lake, H., Pridmore, S.
    Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 2014;23(1):89-100.
    MyJurnal
    Objective: to review the field of epigenetics, and present basic and recent material that may be of interest to clinical psychiatrists. We include basic molecular mechanism, a consideration of findings related to mental disorders, evidence of sustained effects, and the evidence for and implications of transgenerational epigenetic modifications. Method: we examined all the available papers for the last five years identified by PubMed using the words ‘epigenetics’ and ‘epigenetics psychiatry’, and the available leading specialized textbooks. Results: we report on molecular mechanisms including DNA and histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs. While some modifications are short-lived, others are life-long. Depression, suicide, schizophrenia, PTSD, borderline personality disorder and drug addiction are among the conditions for which epigenetic involvement has been proposed. Transgenerational epigenetics enables the environmental experience of one generation to be non-genetically inherited by subsequent generations. This has been molecularly demonstrated in laboratory animals and epidemically suggested in humans. Conclusions: epigenetics provides a new way of understanding human behavior and points to potential therapies for mental disorders. Should it transpire that transgenerational epigenetic modifications apply with force in humans as they do to laboratory animals, this will emphasize the need for cultural shift, safe societies with ample opportunities.
    Matched MeSH terms: Substance-Related Disorders
  8. Fulltext Inhalant dependence: is there a role of achieving abstinent through supported employment? A case report
    Radhiahtul Akmal Razali, Ahmad Faizal Shamsuddin, Suzaily Wahab, Abdul Kadir Abu Bakar
    ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, 2015;16(2):249-252.
    MyJurnal
    This case report highlights the success of community services and supported employment program that may be of help to a woman with chronic inhalant use to achieve a complete abstinence. Methods: We report the case of a 45 year old lady who chronically abused glue, presented after 10 years with substance induced psychosis and comorbid mood disorder. Results: Abstinent from inhalant dependence was achieved after series of home treatment services and supported employment program. Conclusion: Provision of acute community service and incorporating this patient in supported employment program contribute to her successful journey in achieving abstinence from inhalant dependence.
    Matched MeSH terms: Substance-Related Disorders
  9. Fulltext Early readmissions and associated socio-demographic, clinical factors in a psychiatric hospital, Malaysia
    Lee, Wen Jih, Ong, Lieh Yan, Koay, Siew Ni, Kwan, Zuan Er
    ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, 2017;18(1):0-0.
    MyJurnal
    Objective: The main aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of early
    readmissions to inpatient care in Hospital Bahagia Ulu Kinta and the associated
    socio-demographic and clinical factors.

    Methods: This is an observational study
    for all patients with readmissions within 3 months from the last discharge, dated
    from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2013. Related socio-demographic and
    clinical details are obtained from the medical records and compared between the
    patients who were readmitted within the first month after discharge to those who
    were readmitted later in the second and third month.

    Results: Total of 149
    records of patients who were readmitted within 3 months of last discharge were
    analyzed. Majority of them were from the same state of Perak (83.9%), male
    (74.5%), single (71.1%), unemployed (85.9%), taken care by family (75.2%),
    achieved secondary education level (59.7%) with mean age of 37.89 years (SD
    11.53). They were discharged for a mean of 32.52 days (SD 26.48) before
    readmission with a mean duration of 72.98 days in the previous admission, and
    mean previous admissions of 10.17 times. 69.8% of the patients were treated for
    psychotic disorders and the main reason for readmission was relapse (84.6%).
    Up to 34.2% of the patients reported to have substance abuse while 25.5% had
    medical co-morbidities. Most of the patients (63.8%) were not compliant to the
    treatment from the last discharge. Socioeconomic and clinical factors did not
    show statistical significance when the readmissions within the first month after
    discharge were compared to those who were admitted later at the second and
    third month.

    Conclusions: Due to limitations, further studies need to be done to
    identify risk factors associated with readmissions and adequate measures need to
    be taken to prevent these readmissions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Substance-Related Disorders
  10. Fulltext Correlation between defense mechanisms and readiness to change among relapsing addicts
    Farhana Sabri, Zahidah Mustafa, Mohd Yahya Mohamed Ariffin
    Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2018;3(4):30-34.
    MyJurnal
    The number of relapsing addicts is increasingly worrying from year to year. This study was conducted
    to examine at the relationship between defense mechanisms and the level of readiness to change in
    relapsing addicts. Although the drug addicts have been treated at the treatment center, however,
    repeated cases of drug addicts still occur. Six research questions were developed to see how far the
    variables consisting of defense mechanisms could correlate with readiness to change among addicts
    who were undergoing treatment. This study was carried out involving 125 addicts in two separate
    treatment centers in Melaka and Selangor. The selected sample were addicts who have undergone a
    relapse phase at least once in drug addiction. Statistical data analysis using Statistical Packages for
    Social Sciences 20 (SPSS-20) were used to analyze the data. Statistical descriptive is used to view the
    results of demographic data constructed. T-test and ANOVA are used to see the relationship between
    the variables. The regression analysis is used to predict the defense mechanisms with the stage of
    readiness to change among relapsing addicts. The results showed that the defense mechanism had a
    significant relationship to the stage of readiness to change among samples. The results of this study
    provide information on treatment services in the drug rehabilitation to improve the treatment method
    appropriately to the drug addicts in preventing relapse.
    Matched MeSH terms: Substance-Related Disorders
  11. Psychometric properties of the Malay version of motivation scales in drug treatment
    Shukri M, Min RM, Abdullah SS, Yusof RAM, Husain Z
    Med J Malaysia, 2019 Oct;74(5):377-384.
    PMID: 31649212
    INTRODUCTION: In recognition of the role of motivation in drug use treatment, patient motivational screening instruments are needed for strategic planning and treatment. The aims of this study were to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Malay version of the Treatment Motivation Scale, and to compare the motivational levels of patients receiving substance abuse treatment with different modalities (inpatient vs. outpatient). The motivational scale consists of three scales: problem recognition, desire for help and treatment readiness.

    METHOD: A convenience sample of 102 patients was recruited from four Cure and Care Service Centres in Malaysia.

    RESULTS: Principal component analysis with varimax rotation supported two-factor solutions for each subscale: problem recognition, desire for help and treatment readiness, which accounted for 63.5%, 62.7% and 49.1% of the variances, respectively. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients were acceptable for the overall measures (24 items: ∝ = 0.89), the problem recognition scale (10 items; ∝ = 0.89), desire for help (6 items; ∝ = 0.64) and treatment readiness scale (8 items; ∝ = 0.60). The results also indicated significant motivational differences for different modalities, with inpatients having significantly higher motivational scores in each scale compared to outpatients.

    CONCLUSION: The present study pointed towards the favourable psychometric properties of a motivation for treatment scale, which can be a useful instrument for clinical applications of drug use changes and treatment.

    Matched MeSH terms: Substance-Related Disorders
  12. Sexual behaviour among male methamphetamine and heroin dependents in selected areas in Malaysia
    MOHD FADZLI MOHAMAD ISA, NG CG, RUSDI ABD RASHID, MOHD HUSSAIN HABIL, HATTA SIDI, MAS AYU SAID, et al.
    Sains Malaysiana, 2013;42:1819-1826.
    This study aims to describe the pattern of sexual behaviour among methamphetamine and heroin users. It describes the pattern of sexual behaviour based on aspects of sex such as desire, interest, drive and obsession in relation to the drug use. A cross-sectional study was carried out among attendees of drug rehabilitation programmes in Kota Kinabalu, Kota Bharu and Kuala Lumpur. All subjects were living in the community with satisfactory psychosocial functioning. This study was primarily based on a validated sexual behaviour self-rated questionnaire followed by face-to-face interview. A total of 227 subjects were included with 124 (54.6%) using methamphetamine while 103 (45.4%) using heroin. Majority (218; 96%) were heterosexuals with 104 (45.8%) reported having been involved in high risk sexual behaviour. More methamphetamine than heroin subjects agreed that their sexual thoughts, feelings and behaviours were often associated with the drug (p<0.05). Methamphetamine subjects agreed that the use of methamphetamine caused them to be more obsessed with sex and they found themselves to be preoccupied with sexual thoughts while being under the influence of the drug (p<0.05). Heroin subjects mainly reported on negative effects of the drug on their sexual behaviour. Methamphetamine subjects reported that the use of drug had positively affected their sexual interest and drive (p<0.05). Methamphetamine subjects were also 1.97 times more likely than heroin subjects to be involved in risky sexual behaviour. The results of this study can be utilized to improve the drug treatment and rehabilitation programme. Methamphetamine subjects were more likely than heroin subjects to be involved in risky sexual behaviour.
    Matched MeSH terms: Substance-Related Disorders
  13. Fulltext Peranan sokongan sosial terhadap kemurungan dalam kalangan remaja penagih dadah
    Faizah Mat I, Norizan H, Rozmi I
    Jurnal Psikologi Malaysia, 2018;32:109-118.
    The number of adolescents involved in drug addiction increases every year. Statistic shows that in 2015 there were 6,406 addicts from age 13 to 24 years old compared to 4,954 detected in 2014. The majority of those addicts had major depression. It is predicted that by 2020, depression will be the second leading causes of global burden of diseases after heart disease. This study aims to identify the relationship between social support and depression among adolescent drug addicts. The study used quantitative method by distributing the questionnaires to respondents. A total of 367 adolescent drug adddicts were involved in this study. The results showed a significant negative relationship between social support and depression. The results of the study also showed that there were relationships between social support from guardian, friends and closed friends and depression. The implication of the study suggested that the role of social support such as family members and close friends are crucial to help adolecents cope with depression and addiction.
    Matched MeSH terms: Substance-Related Disorders
  14. Health profile of foreign workers - Lifestyle habits/risk behaviours
    Wong YL
    JUMMEC, 2002;7:59-61.
    The majority of migrant workers studied in this survey were males Muslims from Bangladesh. The mean age was 30 and the majority were aged between 21-30 years. Although almost all of them had 7-13 years of schooling, the majority were working in the service industry. More than two thrids of the migrant workers were provided with various forms of housing by their employers. Majority of them stated that they had better amenities, such as piped drinking water and sanitary toilets, in Malaysia compared to those in their home countries. From their reports, it appears that the majority did not engage in risk behaviours such as, smoking, alcohol and drug abuse.
    Matched MeSH terms: Substance-Related Disorders
  15. Immigrant Health Study. 1. Foreign workers' Health: pilot study sociological aspect. [Abstract]
    Wong YL, Fauza AG
    JUMMEC, 1998;3:60-60.
    The majority of migrant workers studied in this pilot survey were male, from Bangladesh and Muslim. The mean age was 30 years and the majority were aged between 21-30 years. Although almost half of them had 7-13 years of schooling, or an equivalent to secondary education, the majority were work- ing in the Service industry, predominantly in cleaning services. It is noted that this enlployment trend varied from the national situation, whereby majority of legal migrant workers (Indonesian and Thai) are found in the agricultural sector. More than two thirds of the migrant workers were provided with various forms of housing by the employer. However, it is not known if such acconunodation was adequate or not, as there were no questions about housing structures aod extent of overcrowding. Majority of them stated that they had better amenities, such as piped drinking water and sanitaly toilets, here in Malaysia compared to those in their home countries. Yet, the real extent of better sani- tation is difficult to assess since verification of such amenities could not be done. From their self- reports, it appears that the majority did not engage in risk behaviours, such as smoking, alcohol and drug abuse. It is pertinent, however, to include other risk behaviours in the study, particularly the area of sexual behaviour. The pilot study yielded 28 female Indonesian migrant workers. More than two thirds of them were married. Although none of the married women reported that they were pregnant at the time of the survey, more than two thirds of then1 had betweenl-3 children in Malaysia. Since the age range of these children would be an important indicator of the need for preventive health care, it is proposed that age range of the accompanying children and their immunisation status be included in the questionnaire. Just below half of them were currently practising family planning, and more than two thirds were using modern methods, such as, pill, Norplant and IUD. It is recotnmended that in addition to pregnancy and family planning information, the study could also collect data on gynaeco- logical health and the health seeking behaviour for these problems.
    Matched MeSH terms: Substance-Related Disorders
  16. Predictors of death among drug-resistant tuberculosis patients in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: A retrospective cohort study from 2009 to 2013
    Mohd Shariff N, Shah SA, Kamaludin F
    J Glob Antimicrob Resist, 2016 09;6:102-107.
    PMID: 27530850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2016.04.005
    The emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health threat. However, little is known about the predictors of death in drug-resistant TB in Malaysia. This study aimed to determine the predictors of death in drug-resistant TB patients, including multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB), in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. This study adopted a retrospective cohort study design and involved laboratory-confirmed drug-resistant TB patients (n=426) from January 2009 to June 2013. A Cox regression model and Kaplan-Meier curves were used to model the outcome measure. Data were analysed by using SPSS v.20.0 for Windows. In this study, 15.3% (n=65) of the patients died. Among the study patients, 70.9% were monoresistant TB cases, 9.4% were poly-resistant TB and 19.7% were MDR-TB. MDR-TB [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR)=2.23, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.26-3.95], ethnicity [Malay (aHR=5.95, 95% CI 2.30-15.41), Chinese (aHR=4.01, 95% CI 1.38-11.66) and Indian (aHR=3.76, 95% CI 1.19-11.85)], coronary heart disease (aHR=6.82, 95% CI 2.16-21.50), drug abuse (aHR=3.79, 95% CI 2.07-6.93) and treatment non-compliance (aHR=1.81, 95% CI 1.01-3.27) were independent predictors of poorer survival in the multivariate Cox regression analysis. This study suggests that MDR-TB, local ethnicity, coronary heart disease, history of drug abuse and treatment non-compliance are factors predicting poor survival in drug-resistant TB patients. More emphasis should be given to the management of drug-resistant TB patients with these characteristics to achieve better treatment outcomes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Substance-Related Disorders
  17. Fulltext The effectiveness of methadone maintenance therapy among opiate-dependants registered with Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II Kota Bharu, Kelantan
    Premila Devi J, Azriani AR, Zahiruddin WM, Mohd Ariff MN, Noor Hashimah A
    Malays J Med Sci, 2012 Oct;19(4):17-22.
    PMID: 23613645
    BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of MMT program among injecting drug users (IDUs) in Kota Bharu, Kelantan.
    METHODS: The study was a retrospective study based on the records of injecting drug users (IDUs) involved in the MMT program from November 2005 to 31st Jan 2008, registered at the Psychiatric Clinic of Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II. Opiate Treatment Index (OTI) was used as the research instrument. Repeated measures ANCOVA was used to compare the mean scores during the entry period and after completing twelve months of MMT program after adjusted for age, marital status, and level of education.
    RESULTS: A total of 117 file records were reviewed. There was significant reduction in the mean scores after 12 months of heroin Q score, HIV Risk-taking Behavior Scale and health scale after adjusted for age, marital status, and level of education. For Heroin Q score, mean difference was 2.01 (95% CI: 1.45, 2.56), for HIV Risk-taking Behavior Scale, mean difference was 7.64 (95% CI: 6.03, 9.26), and for health scale, mean difference was 5.35(95% CI: 3.90, 6.79).
    CONCLUSION: This study supports the evidence that MMT program is effective in treating heroin and opiate dependence.
    KEYWORDS: Kelantan; intravenous drug users; methadone; opiate treatment index
    Study site: Psychiatric Clinic, Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Substance-Related Disorders
  18. Correlates of current smoking among Malaysian secondary school children
    Tee GH, Kaur G
    Asia Pac J Public Health, 2014 Sep;26(5 Suppl):70S-80S.
    PMID: 24965781 DOI: 10.1177/1010539514540468
    Cigarette smoking in adolescent is a significant public health problem, leading to the risk of addiction, morbidity, and mortality in the long term. This study determined the prevalence and correlates of current smoking among adolescent school children. A nationwide school-based survey among 25 507 students between Forms 1 to 5 (aged 12-17) was conducted using a 2-stage cluster sampling design. The prevalence of current smoking was 11.5%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that current smoking was significantly associated with males (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.25; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.87, 4.98), current drinking (aOR = 2.34; 95% CI = 1.46, 3.74), drug used (aOR = 2.97; 95% CI = 1.24, 7.11), and being bullied (aOR = 1.41; 95% CI = 1.00, 1.98) at least once in the past 12 months. Smoking is associated with several behaviors that pose risks to adolescents, such as social issues and smoking-related health problems. Thus, early and integrated prevention programs that address multiple risk behaviors simultaneously are required.
    Matched MeSH terms: Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology*
  19. Prevalence and factors associated with physical fighting among Malaysian adolescents
    Mat Hussin SF, Abd Aziz NS, Hasim H, Sahril N
    Asia Pac J Public Health, 2014 Sep;26(5 Suppl):108S-15S.
    PMID: 25038192 DOI: 10.1177/1010539514542423
    Physical fighting among adolescents is one manifestation of interpersonal violence that is an important issue globally, but attention to this problem in Malaysia has been limited. We analyzed data available from the Malaysia Global School-Based Health Survey conducted in 2012. Of the 25 507 respondents, 27.4% reported having been in a physical fight in the past 12 months. Being bullied (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.01; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.67-3.39) was significantly and highly associated with involvement in physical fighting. Smoking (aOR = 2.56; 95% CI = 2.20-2.97), males (aOR = 1.77; 95% CI = 1.62-1.93), using drugs (aOR = 1.73; 95% CI = 1.09-2.15), and drinking alcohol (aOR = 1.42; 95% CI = 1.24-1.63) were other factors associated with physical fighting. Parental supervision showed no significant association with physical fighting. These findings indicate that more attention needs to be given to bullying at school by school authorities and parents.
    Study name: Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS)
    Matched MeSH terms: Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology*
  20. Impact of maternal marital status on birth outcomes among young Malaysian women: a prospective cohort study
    Mohd Zain N, Low WY, Othman S
    Asia Pac J Public Health, 2015 Apr;27(3):335-47.
    PMID: 25005933 DOI: 10.1177/1010539514537678
    This study evaluated the impact of maternal marital status on birth outcomes among young Malaysian women and investigated other risk factors influencing the birth outcomes. Pregnant women with and without marital ties at the point of pregnancy diagnosis were invited to participate in this study. Participants were interviewed using a structured questionnaire at pregnancy diagnosis and shortly after childbirth. From a total of 229 unmarried and 213 married women who participated, marital status was significantly associated with preterm birth (odds ratio [OR], 1.66; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-2.61) and low birth weight (OR, 3.61; 95% CI, 1.98-6.57). Other factors significantly associated with birth outcomes was prenatal care (OR, 4.92; 95% CI, 1.43-16.95), "use of drugs" (OR, 10.39; 95% CI, 1.14-94.76), age (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.07-1.16), and number of prenatal visits (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.00-1.07). Promoting access to prenatal care and social support programs for unmarried mothers may be important to reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology
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