MyMedR

A review on the mechanical design elements of ankle rehabilitation robot

Khalid YM, Gouwanda D, Parasuraman S

Proc Inst Mech Eng H, 2015 Jun;229(6):452-63.

PMID: 25979442 DOI: 10.1177/0954411915585597

Ankle rehabilitation robots are developed to enhance ankle strength, flexibility and proprioception after injury and to promote motor learning and ankle plasticity in patients with drop foot. This article reviews the design elements that have been incorporated into the existing robots, for example, backdrivability, safety measures and type of actuation. It also discusses numerous challenges faced by engineers in designing this robot, including robot stability and its dynamic characteristics, universal evaluation criteria to assess end-user comfort, safety and training performance and the scientific basis on the optimal rehabilitation strategies to improve ankle condition. This article can serve as a reference to design robot with better stability and dynamic characteristics and good safety measures against internal and external events. It can also serve as a guideline for the engineers to report their designs and findings.

Matched MeSH terms: Ankle Injuries/physiopathology; Ankle Injuries/rehabilitation*

Fulltext A game system for cognitive rehabilitation

Shapi'i A, Mat Zin NA, Elaklouk AM

Biomed Res Int, 2015;2015:493562.

PMID: 25815320 DOI: 10.1155/2015/493562

Brain injury such as traumatic brain injury (TBI) and stroke is the major cause of long-term disabilities in many countries. The increasing rate of brain damaged victims and the heterogeneity of impairments decrease rehabilitation effectiveness and competence resulting in higher cost of rehabilitation treatment. On the other hand, traditional rehabilitation exercises are boring, thus leading patients to neglect the prescribed exercises required for recovery. Therefore, we propose game-based approach to address these problems. This paper presents a rehabilitation gaming system (RGS) for cognitive rehabilitation. The RGS is developed based on a proposed conceptual framework which has also been presented in this paper.

Matched MeSH terms: Brain Injuries/pathology; Brain Injuries/rehabilitation*

Simultaneous dislocations of the carpometacarpal and metacarpophalangeal joints of the thumb

Ibrahim S, Noor MA

Injury, 1993 May;24(5):343-4.

PMID: 8349349

Matched MeSH terms: Metacarpophalangeal Joint/injuries*; Thumb/injuries*

Fulltext Fireworks related injuries during Hari Raya festival in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia--1986 to 1990

Isa AR, Moe H

Med J Malaysia, 1991 Dec;46(4):333-7.

PMID: 1840441

A total of 38 cases of fireworks related injuries from Hospital USM over a 5-year period from 1986 to 1990 during Hari Raya festival were analysed. The majority (68.5%) of the patients were teenagers, between 10 to 19 years of age. All the cases were Malays and most of the accidents occurred before the Hari Raya Idilfitri festive seasons. Fourteen cases were caused by self-made fireworks and another 16 cases were due to modified fire-works. Twenty-four cases suffered permanent disabilities mostly finger amputations. Such injuries could be prevented by law enforcement coupled with public health education to modify social behaviour especially when the ban against the use of fireworks is lifted on religious grounds.

Matched MeSH terms: Blast Injuries/etiology*; Blast Injuries/prevention & control

World cup hockey

Whitney S

Physiotherapy, 1983 Nov;69(11):390-2.

PMID: 6665077

Matched MeSH terms: Athletic Injuries/prevention & control; Athletic Injuries/rehabilitation*

Fulltext A freak accidental injury to the spinal cord

Koh KB, Vaikunthan R, Sengupta S

Med J Malaysia, 1988 Sep;43(3):246-9.

PMID: 3241584

Matched MeSH terms: Spinal Cord Injuries/etiology*; Spinal Cord Injuries/radiography

Overlapping dislocation of pubic symphysis

Dorai CR, Kareem BA

Injury, 1991 Jul;22(4):329-30.

PMID: 1937735

Matched MeSH terms: Pubic Symphysis/injuries*; Urethra/injuries

Fulltext Vulnerability of the lower limb in non-fatal motorcycle injuries

Pang TY, Radin Umar RS, Harwant S

Med J Malaysia, 2001 Dec;56 Suppl D:9-11.

PMID: 14569759 MyJurnal

Motorcyclists form the highest group of fatalities on Malaysian roads. This is a prospective study conducted at 3 major hospitals for a period of 12 months to determine the type of motorcyclist injuries that usually required hospitalization. Four hundred and twelve consecutively injured motorcyclists were available for study. One hundred and eighty six (45.15%) were fatally injured and 226 (54.85%) were seriously injured and surviving. The main cause of fatalities was head injury, while lower limb injuries accounted for majority of hospitalizations. This study highlights the vulnerability of the motorcyclist to lower limb injuries.

Matched MeSH terms: Leg Injuries/etiology; Leg Injuries/epidemiology*

Prevalence of work related musculoskeletal disorder among port workers: Quantitative analysis at the physiotherapy centre of Malaysian shipping industry, Selangor

Izham Zain, Azrul Anuar, Asrina Asri, Shamsul Azhar

Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 2013;10(2):51-66.

MyJurnal

The objective of this study is to identify the type of occupational related musculoskeletal disorder among Malaysian Shipping Industry workers and to determine the relationship between workers sosio demographic factors with occupational related musculoskeletal disorder and injuries. This is a cross sectional, retrospective study using secondary data that is available at the physiotherapy centre of Malaysia Shipping in Selangor. The study population is the shipping port workers received physiotherapy treatment from 2011 and 2012. A total of 90 samples comprise of 85 male workers and the remaining is female. The mean age is 34.1 (±7.36). Crane operator is the largest number of workers seeks for physiotherapy treatment (68), office (15) and 7 from maintenance. The mean of employment duration is 8.02 (±4.47) years with the maintenance group of workers have longest working duration of 9 years. Muscle and ligament sprain strain known to be the commonest condition (80%) refer for physiotherapy rehabilitation, tendinitis (14%) and fracture (6%). Young age group of workers were significantly 9 times higher (95% CI 1.83 – 40.35) of getting back injuries. The prevalence of musculoskeletal disorder based on work categories vary with office type workers has 4.5 times higher (95% CI 1.06 – 19.7) on hand injuries. This study has revealed that workers age, different type of work categories, working experience, and body mass composition were associates with the occupational related injuries. The training programme emphasise on preventive measures should be tailored to empower the employee on safety measures at work.

Matched MeSH terms: Hand Injuries; Back Injuries; Occupational Injuries

Axillary artery thrombosis associated with fracture of the clavicle

Iqbal QM

Med J Malaya, 1971 Sep;26(1):68-70.

PMID: 4258581

Matched MeSH terms: Axillary Artery/injuries*; Clavicle/injuries*

Practical methods in resuscitation of multiple trauma victims

Delilkan AE

Med J Malaysia, 1973 Sep;28(1):29-31.

PMID: 4273779

Matched MeSH terms: Wounds and Injuries/classification; Wounds and Injuries/therapy*

Fulltext Isolated complete popliteus tendon rupture following a trivial occupational injury

Arifaizad Abdullah, Mohd Hezery Harun, Hariati Jamil, Ezamin Abdul Rahim

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2018;14(1):73-75.

MyJurnal

Traumatic rupture of the popliteus tendon is a rare type of knee injury. Most reported cases had occurred in athletes or following high impact trauma. We report a case of a 23-year-old male with an isolated complete popliteus tendon rupture that was diagnosed arthroscopically. The patient worked as a general labourer in a sawmill. He fell at his workplace and presented with acute painful fixed flexion of the right knee. Initially he was suspected to have a meniscus tear. Diagnostic arthroscopy of the knee was carried out; and diagnosis of popliteal tendon rupture was established. The patient was subsequently managed conservatively by arthroscopic debridement. He was allowed to mobilize the knee as tolerated after the surgery. He was well with a full knee range of movement and was able to walk normally at six weeks after surgery. This article highlights the possibility of complete popliteus tendon rupture following a minor occupational injury in a previously normal knee.

Matched MeSH terms: Knee Injuries; Tendon Injuries; Occupational Injuries

Injuries to the eye and associated structures

Lowther AH

Journal of the Malaya Branch of the British Medical Association, 1939;3:326-38.

Matched MeSH terms: Eye Injuries; Wounds and Injuries; Corneal Injuries

Single-stage reconstruction of a traumatic tendocutaneous defect of the Achilles using free composite anterolateral thigh flap with vascularized fascia lata

Liang Yii RS, Chai SC, Zainal HM, Basiron N

Jt Dis Relat Surg, 2022;33(3):673-679.

PMID: 36345197 DOI: 10.52312/jdrs.2022.843

Combined tendocutaneous defect of Achilles tendon remains a complex reconstructive challenge whereby both the soft tissue coverage and tendon reconstruction have to be considered to achieve a good functional and aesthetic outcome. A 14-year-old boy who sustained an open right calcaneum fracture (Gustilo-Anderson IIIB) with a transected Achilles tendon and huge skin defect from motorcycle wheel spoke injury was admitted. The Achilles tendon repair site broke down following initial surgical debridement and primary repair, resulting in a sizeable combined tendocutaneous defect. Simultaneous soft tissue coverage and tendon defect reconstruction using composite sensate free anterior lateral thigh (ALT) fasciocutaneous flap with vascularized fascia lata was performed subsequently. The vascularized fascia lata was tubularized to wrap the native proximal stump of Achilles tendon and secured using the modified Krakow suturing technique. The distal end of tubularized fascia lata was, then, secured by drilling across right calcaneum bone, passing the suture transosseously and screwed. He led an uneventful postoperative recovery with satisfactory functional and aesthetic outcomes at one year of follow-up. In conclusion, the present case demonstrates the reliability of this technique and its advantages over other flap choices in reconstruction of a huge combined tendocutaneous defect.

Matched MeSH terms: Fascia Lata/injuries; Thigh/injuries

Fulltext Bilateral scaphoid stress fracture in a platform diver presenting with unilateral symptoms

Mohamed Haflah NH, Mat Nor NF, Abdullah S, Sapuan J

Singapore Med J, 2014 Oct;55(10):e159-61.

PMID: 25631904

Scaphoid stress fracture is rare and occurs mainly in gymnasts. The current literature has only two reported cases: unilateral scaphoid stress fracture in a platform diver and bilateral scaphoid stress fracture in a gymnast. We herein report bilateral stress fracture of the scaphoid in a platform diver who presented with only one symptomatic side. Our patient was a 16-year-old competitive platform diver with an 18-month history of pain in the right wrist. Radiography revealed fracture of the right scaphoid at the waist. As part of our preoperative plan of measuring the scaphoid length to determine the appropriate screw, radiography of the contralateral side was performed, revealing an unexpected fracture of the left scaphoid. Due to the frequency of stress fractures in competitive sports, especially gymnastics, we recommend that bilateral scaphoid radiography be performed for athletes presenting with a unilateral scaphoid fracture, to avoid missing a fracture in the contralateral side.

Matched MeSH terms: Diving/injuries*; Scaphoid Bone/injuries*

Fulltext Consensus statement from the International Consensus Meeting on the Role of Decompressive Craniectomy in the Management of Traumatic Brain Injury : Consensus statement

Hutchinson PJ, Kolias AG, Tajsic T, Adeleye A, Aklilu AT, Apriawan T, et al.

Acta Neurochir (Wien), 2019 Jul;161(7):1261-1274.

PMID: 31134383 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-019-03936-y

BACKGROUND: Two randomised trials assessing the effectiveness of decompressive craniectomy (DC) following traumatic brain injury (TBI) were published in recent years: DECRA in 2011 and RESCUEicp in 2016. As the results have generated debate amongst clinicians and researchers working in the field of TBI worldwide, it was felt necessary to provide general guidance on the use of DC following TBI and identify areas of ongoing uncertainty via a consensus-based approach.

METHODS: The International Consensus Meeting on the Role of Decompressive Craniectomy in the Management of Traumatic Brain Injury took place in Cambridge, UK, on the 28th and 29th September 2017. The meeting was jointly organised by the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS), AO/Global Neuro and the NIHR Global Health Research Group on Neurotrauma. Discussions and voting were organised around six pre-specified themes: (1) primary DC for mass lesions, (2) secondary DC for intracranial hypertension, (3) peri-operative care, (4) surgical technique, (5) cranial reconstruction and (6) DC in low- and middle-income countries.

RESULTS: The invited participants discussed existing published evidence and proposed consensus statements. Statements required an agreement threshold of more than 70% by blinded voting for approval.

CONCLUSIONS: In this manuscript, we present the final consensus-based recommendations. We have also identified areas of uncertainty, where further research is required, including the role of primary DC, the role of hinge craniotomy and the optimal timing and material for skull reconstruction.

Matched MeSH terms: Brain Injuries, Traumatic/complications; Brain Injuries, Traumatic/surgery*

Prospective evaluation of clinical and radiologic factors predicting return to activity within 6 months after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair

Collin P, Abdullah A, Kherad O, Gain S, Denard PJ, Lädermann A

J Shoulder Elbow Surg, 2015 Mar;24(3):439-45.

PMID: 25441555 DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2014.08.014

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to report the outcome of patients who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) and to determine the factors associated with return to work and activity.
MATERIALS: Three hundred sixty-five patients who underwent ARCR were prospectively evaluated. The cohort was divided into 2 groups based on clinical results at 6 months. Group A consisted of patients who were considered to have a satisfactory outcome based on return to their previous professional or spare-time activities. Group B consisted of patients with an unsatisfactory outcome based on a lack of return to normal work or activities.
RESULTS: Of the patients, 305 had a satisfactory outcome (group A) and 60 were categorized as having an unsatisfactory outcome (group B). On multivariate analysis, preoperative factors associated with group B included female gender and heavy manual labor. Postoperative bursitis on ultrasound at 6 months was associated with being in group B. Lack of tendon healing was not associated with group B. However, if a patient without healing had persistent pain at 6 months, the pain persisted at 9 months.
CONCLUSION: ARCR is an effective procedure that leads to significant improvement in pain, function, and tendon healing in most cases. However, in 1 of 5 cases, patients were unable to resume normal activity at 6 months postoperatively. Persistent limitation at 6 months was associated with female gender, heavy manual workers, and the presence of postoperative persistent bursitis.
KEYWORDS: Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair; double row; recovery of function; return to work; tendon non-healing or retear; treatment outcome; ultrasound; workers' compensation claim

Matched MeSH terms: Tendon Injuries/diagnosis*; Tendon Injuries/rehabilitation; Tendon Injuries/surgery*; Rotator Cuff/injuries

Fulltext A modified Blatt dorsal capsulodesis in the treatment of dynamic scapholunate instability

Azura L, Ahmad TS, Kamarul T

Med J Malaysia, 2006 Dec;61 Suppl B:51-4.

PMID: 17600993

We report a case of scapholunate dissociation which was initially missed and presented late. A modification of Blatt dorsal capsulodesis performed using dorsal intercarpal ligament (DICL) and extra tunnel appears not only to add to dorsal stability but also address the volar problem as well. This modification may be a better alternative to the current technique of using a single flap.

Matched MeSH terms: Wrist Injuries/complications*; Wrist Injuries/radiography; Wrist Injuries/surgery; Scaphoid Bone/injuries

Fulltext The two faces of capital femoral epiphyseal injury--new treatment paradigms against the perceived myths

Hassan Shukur M

Med J Malaysia, 2006 Feb;61 Suppl A:1-2.

PMID: 17042219

In this issue of the Journal, there are two articles addressing relevant clinical problems that we may encounter in our practice. The main issue related to the occurrence of the inevitability of the avascular necrosis (AVN) following treatment of two different major types of capital femoral epiphyseal 'injury'.

Matched MeSH terms: Femur Head/injuries*; Hip Injuries/complications; Hip Injuries/radiography; Hip Injuries/surgery*

Fulltext Mechanisms of cervical spine injuries for non-fatal motorcycle road crash

Ooi SS, Wong SV, Radin Umar RS, Azhar AA, Yeap JS, Megat Ahmad MMH

Med J Malaysia, 2004 Jun;59(2):146-52.

PMID: 15559162 MyJurnal

Cervical spine injuries such as subluxation and fracture dislocation have long been known to result in severe consequences, as well as the trauma management itself. The injury to the region has been identified as one of the major causes of death in Malaysian motorcyclists involved in road crashes, besides head and chest injuries (Pang, 1999). Despite this, cervical spine injury in motorcyclists is not a well-studied injury, unlike the whiplash injury in motorcar accidents. The present study is a retrospective study on the mechanisms of injury in cervical spine sustained by Malaysian motorcyclists, who were involved in road crash using an established mechanistic classification system. This will serve as an initial step to look at the cervical injuries pattern. The information obtained gives engineer ideas to facilitate design and safety features to reduce injuries. All cervical spine injured motorcyclists admitted to Hospital Kuala Lumpur between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2001 were included in the present study. Based on the medical notes and radiological investigations (X-rays, CT and MRI scans), the mechanisms of injuries were formulated using the injury mechanics classification. The result shows that flexion of the cervical vertebrae is the most common vertebral kinematics in causing injury to motorcyclists. This indicates that the cervical vertebrae sustained a high-energy loading at flexion movement in road crash, and exceeded its tolerance level. The high frequency of injury at the C5 vertebra, C6 vertebra and C5-C6 intervertebral space are recorded. Classification based on the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) is made to give a view on injury severity, 9.1% of the study samples have been classified as AIS code 1, 51.5% with AIS 2 and 21.2% with AIS 3.

Matched MeSH terms: Cervical Vertebrae/injuries*; Spinal Injuries/diagnosis; Spinal Injuries/epidemiology*; Spinal Injuries/physiopathology

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