Displaying publications 121 - 140 of 419 in total

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  1. Fulltext Knowledge, awareness and attitude related to first aid among IIUM Kuantan campus students
    Sumaiyah Jamaludin @ Thandar Soe, Muhammad Allif Zakaria
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2017;16(11):21-21.
    MyJurnal
    Accidental injuries are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality
    worldwide. Approximately 1.25 million lives are cut short because of road traffic
    accident every year. As the incidences of emergencies is steadily increasing in recent
    years, it is important to ensure that individuals are adequately trained to deal with such
    events including university students. First aid is given to preserve life and minimize the
    consequences of injury and illness until help is obtained from health care practitioners.
    This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge, awareness and attitude related to
    first aid among IIUM Kuantan campus students. (Copied from article).
    Matched MeSH terms: Accidents
  2. Fulltext Implementing occupational safety and health requirements in construction project
    Firdaus Abd Latib, Haziq Zul Asyraf Zahari, Abdul Rahim Abdul Hamid, Kevin Chester Wong How Yee
    Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology, 2016;5(1):53-63.
    MyJurnal
    The probability of the construction accident to happen is high due the nature of
    Construction work that involves complex activities, methods, machineries, materials
    and hazards. The occupational safety and health (OSH) law and regulations are
    mandatory for every construction project to uphold. Responsibilities to ensure the
    safety and health at the workplace lies with those who create the risk and with those
    who work with the risk. The owner or client of the construction project has the upper
    hand in determining the standard of OSH implementation in their project through
    contract documents. If the contract documents comprehensively spell out OSH
    requirements and cover all OSH cost, then the issues of contractor not implementing
    OSH measures could be minimized. The objective of this study is to identify
    Occupational Safety and Health requirements (OSH) in the contract document of
    selected construction projects. To achieve this objective, a total of seven contract
    document was collected from several construction companies. The qualitative analysis
    was performed to identify the extent of OSH requirements and costs are being
    mentioned in the contract documents. The finding shows that most of the contract
    document contains very little emphasis on OSH requirements and budgeting. Only one
    contract contains, an appendix that spell out about the safe work practices for
    construction works. The visible allocated budget for OSH requirements for all seven
    contracts is very minute range from 0.21% to 1.99% of contract value. In order to
    ensure that occupational safety and health is properly implemented, safety needs must
    be included in the budget because implementation it is not free, this can be achieved
    by making it a permanent feature in all bills of quantity of the project.
    Matched MeSH terms: Accidents
  3. Fulltext Traumatic brain injury patterns on ct scan: a comparison of motorcyclist versus passenger vehicle patients involved in road traffic accidents
    Radhiana Hassan, Muniruddin Mohamad, Muhamad Zaim Azami, Husin Ali, Hafizah Pasi
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2017;16(11):48-48.
    MyJurnal
    Traumatic brain injury following road traffic accidents is a common cause
    of morbidity and mortality in Malaysia. We aim to determine the differences of traumatic
    brain injury patterns based on CT findings among motorcyclist versus passenger vehicle
    patients involved in road traffic accidents. (Copied from article).
    Matched MeSH terms: Accidents, Traffic
  4. Fulltext Current status of industrial accident learning in Malaysia
    Kamarizan Kidam, Zainazrin Zainal Abidin, Mimi Haryani Hashim, Adnan Ripin, Mohammed Wijayanuddin Ali, Hazlee M. Safuan, et al.
    Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 2015;12(1):1-4.
    MyJurnal
    In general, the industrial accident rate in Malaysia is decreasing. However, statistically it is still relatively high
    if compared with that of other developing nations. One of the reasons why accidents keep on happening is poor
    learning from accidents. This paper discusses the level of accident learning, based on accident reports submitted to the
    Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) Malaysia and the Society Security Organization (SOCSO)
    Malaysia involving a total of 1,291 accident cases. Based on the quality and completeness of accident reports, the
    levels of learning were classified into five accident causation levels which are no, limited, fair, good and excellent
    learning.
    Matched MeSH terms: Accidents, Occupational
  5. Fulltext A survey on safety awareness among quarry workers at East Cost Malaysia
    Siti Hajar Abdul Aziz
    Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 2015;12(1):51-54.
    MyJurnal
    Lack of safety awareness among quarry workers caused a number of accidents in quarry industries. The objective
    of this study is to gauge the awareness level towards safety among quarry workers. A questionnaire was distributed
    randomly among quarry workers in Pahang, Terengganu and Kelantan. The questionnaire consists of 6 questions
    regarding safety at workplace. Results revealed that 56.9% of the respondents agreed and totally agreed for the health
    and safety suggestions made to be given consideration and used. As many as 79.3% respondents admitted that they
    obeyed all the safety rules stated at the workplace and 86.3% respondents said that they always focused and gave
    full attention while completing their task. A high percentage of 88% of the respondents agreed for all accidents
    to be reported to responsible persons while 77.6% respondents agreed for all personal protective equipment to be
    used suitable with the task given and 86.2% respondents answered that they performed their task following the safe
    operation procedures provided by the company.
    Matched MeSH terms: Accidents
  6. Fulltext Occupational safety and health assessment in metal industry within small and medium enterprise
    Siti Suhaili Shahlan, Mimi H. Hassim, Kamarizan Kidam, Haszlee Mohd Safuan, Norasikin Othman, Adnan Ripin, et al.
    Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 2015;12(1):81-84.
    MyJurnal
    According to annual reports from the Social Security Organization (SOCSO), between years 2009 and 2011,
    metal industry has the highest reported number of accidents compared to the other manufacturing industry in small
    and medium enterprises (SMEs). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the actual causes of problems that
    lead to the accidents involving metal industries within SMEs. In this study, a checklist through site visits was used to
    collect the data. The overall results revealed that the main causes of accidents are; organization failure, human factor,
    machine failure and surrounding environments.
    Matched MeSH terms: Accidents
  7. Fulltext Osh audit compliance at National Service Training Programme (NSTP) camps in Malaysia: training elements
    Tengku Hizir Tengku Abdul Rashid, Mohd Esa Baruji, Shahronizam Noordin, Mohd Kashfullah Razali
    Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 2015;12(1):101-104.
    MyJurnal
    There were a number of accidents reported throughout the implementation of the National Services Training
    Programme (NSTP) since 2004 until 2012. The National Services Training Department (NSTD) is responsible for
    the Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) aspects in the NSTP camps. The study was conducted with its objective
    to compare the levels of OSH audit compliance at NSTP between 2011 and 2012. A cross sectional method was
    used, involving a total of 67 randomly selected NSTP camps. The data analysis was conducted on two types of
    audit checklists using SPSS version 2.1. The r-value of 0.197 obtained indicates a weak relationship between the
    document review and physical training element. The p-value of 0.118, meanwhile, shows that there is no statistically
    significant correlation between the results of document review and physical training element. Most of the elements
    show an increased percentage of compliance as a result of initiatives taken by the Camp Training Management and
    the Camp Operator. Despite an improved compliance level seen from 2011 to 2012, NSTD should look into certain
    critical elements considered high risk by the regulatory requirements. NSTD should also continue with its initiatives
    to enhance safety and health aspects in NSTP camps not only for the benefit of the trainees but also for themselves.
    Matched MeSH terms: Accidents
  8. Fulltext Acceptance and use of lane change assistance system among early adopters in Malaysia
    Mohd Hafzi, M.I., Baba, M.D., Mohd Radzi, A.M., Zulhaidi, M.J., Khairil Anwar, A.K.
    Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2018;18(102):18-23.
    MyJurnal
    Lane Change Assistance (LCA) system in cars can potentially mitigate blind spot related crashes; but its effectiveness
    largely depends on driver acceptance and proper use. Although still in early stages, the volume of cars equipped with
    LCA system is expected torise in the near future as the technology has been considered in the New Car Assessment
    Program for Southeast Asian Countries (ASEAN NCAP) 2017 Rating Scheme. Therefore, this study is initiated to assess
    user acceptance of and experience with LCA-equipped cars. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to
    owners of LCA-equipped cars at selected service centres in the Klang Valley from November 2016 to February 2017.
    From a total of 276 valid responses, results revealed that most owners greatly considered LCA system when
    purchasing their cars and agreed that the systems had positively altered their driving behaviours i.e. regularly using
    the turn signal and checking the side mirrors. Nevertheless, about 20% of the respondents stated theirannoyance and
    distraction by the LCA systems due to unnecessary warnings from various sources, aside from getting too many
    warnings during traffic congestion. The study findings provide some practical implications that can aid the industry
    and relevant stakeholders in gauging the issue and actual situations concerning the use of LCA system in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Accidents, Traffic
  9. Occupational health and safety issues in the informal economic segment of Pakistan: a survey of construction sites
    Ahmed I, Shaukat MZ, Usman A, Nawaz MM, Nazir MS
    Int J Occup Saf Ergon, 2018 Jun;24(2):240-250.
    PMID: 28795938 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2017.1366145
    This research covers the current status of occupational health and safety (OHS)-related practices in the informal construction segment of Pakistan. Data were collected, through interviews, from 316 construction sites employing 3577 workers. The results of the study reveal that both employers and workers lack knowledge of OHS laws/standards and no practices of this nature are enacted at these construction sites. Alarmingly, work-related accidents, whenever they happen, are not given due attention and there is no formal injury-report system. The informal construction industry employs a huge portion of the informal workforce, and lack of OHS happens at tremendous human cost. These research findings may thus play their role in strengthening the case for reforms in the sector. This study, if properly utilized, may also enable employers of the sector by increasing their knowledge about OHS practices and, as a result, trying to offer safer environments for their workers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Accidents, Occupational/legislation & jurisprudence; Accidents, Occupational/prevention & control; Accidents, Occupational/statistics & numerical data*
  10. Evaluation of factors causing lateral migration of light non-aqueous phase liquids (LNAPLs) in onshore oil spill accidents
    Waqar A
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2024 Feb;31(7):10853-10873.
    PMID: 38214856 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-31844-x
    Contamination of groundwater by harmful substances poses significant risks to both drinking water sources and aquatic ecosystems, making it a critical environmental concern. Most on-land spill events release organic molecules known as light non-aqueous phase liquids (LNAPLs), which then seep into the ground. Due to their low density and organic composition, they tend to float as they reach the water table. LNAPLs encompass a wide range of non-aqueous phase liquids, including various petroleum products, and can, over time, develop carcinogenic chemicals in water. However, due to frequent changes in hydraulic head, the confinement may fail to contain them, causing them to extend outward. When it contaminates water wells, people cannot reliably consume the water. The removal of dangerous contaminants from groundwater aquifers is made more challenging by LNAPLs. It is imperative to analyze the mechanisms governing LNAPL migration. As a response to this need and the associated dispersion of contaminants into adjacent aquifers, we have conducted a comprehensive qualitative literature review encompassing the years 2000-2022. Groundwater variability, soil structure, and precipitation have been identified as the three primary influential factors, ranked in the following order of significance. The rate of migration is shown to rise dramatically in response to changes in groundwater levels. Different saturation zones and confinement have a major effect on the lateral migration velocity. When the various saturation zones reach a balance, LNAPLs will stop moving. Although higher confinement slows the rate of lateral migration, it speeds up vertical migration. Beyond this, the lateral or vertical movement is also influenced by differences in the permeability of soil strata. Reduced mobility and tighter containment are the outcomes of migrating through fine-grained, low-porosity sand. The gaseous and liquid phases of LNAPLs move more quickly through coarse-grained soils. Due to the complexities and uncertainties associated with LNAPL behavior, accurately foreseeing the future spread of LNAPLs can be challenging. Although studies have utilized modeling techniques to simulate and predict LNAPL migration, the inherent complexities and uncertainties in the subsurface environment make it difficult to precisely predict the extent of LNAPL spread in the future. The granular soil structure considerably affects the porosity and pore pressure.
    Matched MeSH terms: Accidents
  11. Fulltext Burden of motorcycle-related injury in Malaysia
    Rahman NH, Baharuddin KA, Mohamad SM
    Int J Emerg Med, 2015;8:17.
    PMID: 26085844 DOI: 10.1186/s12245-015-0065-4
    Road traffic injury (RTI) contributes to major morbidity and mortality in both developed and developing countries. Most of the injuries are caused by road-related injuries that specifically relate to motorcycle crash. We attempted to conduct a short survey to determine the magnitude of burden related to motorcycle-related RTIs in Malaysia. We hypothesize that motorcycle-related RTI in Malaysia contributes significantly to the health burden in the country.
    Matched MeSH terms: Accidents, Traffic
  12. The Relationship between Norms and Risky Driving Behavior: A Systematic Review
    Harith SH, Mahmud N
    Iran J Public Health, 2020 Feb;49(2):211-220.
    PMID: 32461928
    Background: Road accident statistics has been seen increasing over the years despite numerous efforts made by the authorities. Human factors have contributed 90% of accident occurrence with risky driving behavior being one of the significant human factors that can be further explained through norms. This review paper aimed to investigate the relationship between norms and drivers' risky driving behavior.

    Methods: A systematic review process was conducted through four academic databases namely Scopus, Wiley Online Library, Emerald and Web of Science of no limitation for date. Overall, 3443 titles were identified and after several screening and reviewing processes, only 27 studies were included.

    Results: The results of the review demonstrated mixed findings between subjective norm and risky driving behavior, whereas the relationship between group norm, moral norm, injunctive norm, descriptive norm and risky driving behavior were observed significant.

    Conclusion: Appropriate educational awareness is required to educate the society in practicing good norms for mutual benefit of the society. Parents also need to set a good example for their children by abiding the traffic rules and regulation.

    Matched MeSH terms: Accidents
  13. Fulltext Investigating the Effect of COVID-19 on Driver Behavior and Road Safety: A Naturalistic Driving Study in Malaysia
    Al-Hussein WA, Li W, Por LY, Ku CS, Alredany WHD, Leesri T, et al.
    Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2022 Sep 07;19(18).
    PMID: 36141497 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811224
    The spread of the novel coronavirus COVID-19 resulted in unprecedented worldwide countermeasures such as lockdowns and suspensions of all retail, recreational, and religious activities for the majority of 2020. Nonetheless, no adequate scientific data have been provided thus far about the impact of COVID-19 on driving behavior and road safety, especially in Malaysia. This study examined the effect of COVID-19 on driving behavior using naturalistic driving data. This was accomplished by comparing the driving behaviors of the same drivers in three periods: before COVID-19 lockdown, during COVID-19 lockdown, and after COVID-19 lockdown. Thirty people were previously recruited in 2019 to drive an instrumental vehicle on a 25 km route while recording their driving data such as speed, acceleration, deceleration, distance to vehicle ahead, and steering. The data acquisition system incorporated various sensors such as an OBDII reader, a lidar, two ultrasonic sensors, an IMU, and a GPS. The same individuals were contacted again in 2020 to drive the same vehicle on the same route in order to capture their driving behavior during the COVID-19 lockdown. Participants were approached once again in 2022 to repeat the procedure in order to capture their driving behavior after the COVID-19 lockdown. Such valuable and trustworthy data enable the assessment of changes in driving behavior throughout the three time periods. Results showed that drivers committed more violations during the COVID-19 lockdown, with young drivers in particular being most affected by the traffic restrictions, driving significantly faster and performing more aggressive steering behaviors during the COVID-19 lockdown than any other time. Furthermore, the locations where the most speeding offenses were committed are highlighted in order to provide lawmakers with guidance on how to improve traffic safety in those areas, in addition to various recommendations on how to manage traffic during future lockdowns.
    Matched MeSH terms: Accidents, Traffic
  14. Microsimulation modelling of driver behaviour towards alternative warning devices at railway level crossings
    Tey LS, Zhu S, Ferreira L, Wallis G
    Accid Anal Prev, 2014 Oct;71:177-82.
    PMID: 24929822 DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2014.05.014
    Level crossings are amongst the most complex of road safety issues, due to the addition of rail infrastructure, trains and train operations. The differences in the operational characteristics of different warning devices together with varying crossing, traffic or/and train characteristics, cause different driver behaviour at crossings. This paper compares driver behaviour towards two novel warning devices (rumble strips and in-vehicle audio warning) with two conventional warning devices (flashing light and stop sign) at railway level crossings using microsimulation modelling. Two safety performance indicators directly related to collision risks, violation and time-to-collision, were adopted. Results indicated the active systems were more effective at reducing likely collisions compared to passive devices. With the combined application of driving simulation and traffic microsimulation modelling, traffic safety performance indicators for a level crossing can be estimated. From these, relative safety comparisons for the different traffic devices are derived, or even for absolute safety evaluation with proper calibration from field investigations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Accidents; Accidents, Traffic/statistics & numerical data*
  15. Measurement and dimension of road fatality in Brunei
    Haque MO
    Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot, 2011 Mar;18(1):45-55.
    PMID: 21409677 DOI: 10.1080/17457300.2010.517319
    In this article, we have investigated the pattern of road fatality in Brunei. It is seen from this analysis that road fatality in Brunei was one of the highest in the world in the early 1990s, but has been significantly reduced over the years, and is now one of the lowest in the world. Preliminary investigation shows that young male drivers are responsible for most road fatalities in Brunei. We have also fitted a linear regression model and found that road fatality is significantly positively related to people aged 18-24 years and new registered vehicles, both of which are expected to grow with the growth of population and economic development. Hence, road fatality in Brunei is also expected to grow unless additional effective road safety countermeasures are introduced and implemented to reduce road toll. Negative coefficient is observed for trend variable, indicating the reduction of road fatality due to the combined effects of improvements of vehicle safety, road design, medical facilities and road safety awareness among road user groups. However, short-term road fatality analysis based on monthly data indicates that the coefficient of the trend variable is positive, implying that in recent months road fatalities are increasing in Brunei, which is supported by media reports. We have compared Brunei's road fatality data with Australia, Singapore and Malaysia and found that Brunei's road fatality rate is lower than Singapore and Malaysia, but higher than Australia. This indicates that there are still opportunities to reduce road fatalities in Brunei if additional effective road safety strategies are implemented like in Australia without interfering in the economic and social development of Brunei.
    Matched MeSH terms: Accidents, Traffic/mortality*; Accidents, Traffic/statistics & numerical data
  16. Laboratory accidents--a matter of attitude
    Karim N, Choe CK
    Malays J Pathol, 2000 Dec;22(2):85-9.
    PMID: 16329540
    This is a prospective study on accidents occurring in the Pathology laboratories of Hospital Ipoh over the 3-year period from January 1996 to October 1999. 15 mishaps were recorded. The location of the accidents were the histology (40%), microbiology (33%), haematology (20%) and cytology (7%) laboratories. No mishaps were reported from the clinical chemistry, blood bank and outpatient laboratories. Cuts by sharp objects were the most common injuries sustained (47%) followed by splashes and squirts by fluid such as blood or chemicals (27%). There was 1 case each of contact with biohazardous fluid, burn, allergy and accidental drinking of disinfectant. 67% of the accidents involved medical laboratory technicians, 20% involved attendants and the rest were medical officers and the junior laboratory technicians. Although the accidents reported appeared trivial, it is vital to document them and bring them to the attention of all concerned in the laboratory, in order to prevent major accidents and also because of medico-legal implications. The role of the Laboratory Safety Committee cannot be overemphasised. Modification of staff attitude is considered an important remedial goal.
    Matched MeSH terms: Accidents, Occupational/prevention & control; Accidents, Occupational/statistics & numerical data*
  17. Impact of the effect of economic crisis and the targeted motorcycle safety programme on motorcycle-related accidents, injuries and fatalities in Malaysia
    Law TH, Umar RS, Zulkaurnain S, Kulanthayan S
    Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot, 2005 Mar;12(1):9-21.
    PMID: 15814371
    In 1997, a Motorcycle Safety Programme (MSP) was introduced to address the motorcycle-related accident problem. The MSP was specifically targeted at motorcyclists. In addition to the MSP, the recent economic recession has significantly contributed to a reduction of traffic-related incidents. This paper examines the effects of the recent economic crisis and the MSP on motorcycle-related accidents, casualties and fatalities in Malaysia. The autocorrelation integrated moving average model with transfer function was used to evaluate the overall effects of the interventions. The variables used in developing the model were gross domestic product and MSPs. The analysis found a 25% reduction in the number of motorcycle-related accidents, a 27% reduction in motorcycle casualties and a 38% reduction in motorcycle fatalities after the implementation of MSP. Findings indicate that the MSP has been one of the effective measures in reducing motorcycle safety problems in Malaysia. Apart from that, the performance of the country's economy was also found to be significant in explaining the number of motorcycle-related accidents, casualties and fatalities in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Accidents, Traffic/mortality*; Accidents, Traffic/prevention & control
  18. Some epidemiological aspects and economic costs of injuries in Malaysia
    Arokiasamy JT, Krishnan R
    Asia Pac J Public Health, 1994;7(1):16-20.
    PMID: 8074939
    Injuries are one of the leading causes of death in the world. In Malaysia, injuries form one of the three main causes of mortality. They are also an important cause of permanent and temporary disability and work absenteeism in the productive age group. Increasing affluence and industrialization coupled with growing population and transportation needs in rapidly developing countries like Malaysia have resulted in a surge of road and occupational injuries. Three quarters of fatalities due to road, occupational, drowning and home injuries occur in those below 45 years of age. A majority of injuries in these categories are attributed to "human" factors and therefore can be prevented by public education and enforced training of workers. The total annual economic loss due to all types of injuries is estimated to be 2 billion Malaysian Ringgit (US$1 = MR2.76 approximately). The government is currently in the process of setting up full-time departments for road safety and occupational health and safety.
    Matched MeSH terms: Accidents/economics*; Accidents/statistics & numerical data
  19. Fulltext Safe travel--a worthwhile destination
    Krishnan R
    World Health Forum, 1992;13(2-3):163-4.
    PMID: 1418328
    Matched MeSH terms: Accidents, Traffic/mortality; Accidents, Traffic/prevention & control*
  20. Preliminary survey of aetiological factors in femoral shaft fractures
    Iqbal QM
    Med J Malaya, 1970 Sep;25(1):25-8.
    PMID: 4249490
    Matched MeSH terms: Accidents, Home; Accidents, Occupational; Accidents, Traffic
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