Displaying publications 101 - 120 of 319 in total

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  1. A comparison study on hindfoot correction, Achilles tendon length and thickness between clubfoot patients treated with percutaneous Achilles tendon tenotomy versus casting alone using Ponseti method
    Chandirasegaran S, Gunalan R, Aik S, Kaur S
    J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong), 2019 4 6;27(2):2309499019839126.
    PMID: 30947613 DOI: 10.1177/2309499019839126
    PURPOSE:: To compare the hindfoot correction using clinical and ultrasonography assessment in clubfoot patients undergoing Achilles tendon tenotomy with patients corrected with casting alone.

    METHOD:: A prospective observational study on idiopathic clubfoot patients less than 3 months old. Clinical assessment was done using hindfoot Pirani score and measurement of ankle dorsiflexion. Serial ultrasonography was done to measure the length and thickness of the Achilles tendon pre-hindfoot correction, 3 and 6 weeks post-hindfoot correction. Independent t-test was used to analyse the increase in ankle dorsiflexion, improvement in length and thickness of Achilles tendon between the two groups. Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyse the improvement in hindfoot Pirani score. Pearson correlation test was used for correlation in between clinical severity and ultrasonography assessment.

    RESULTS:: Twenty-three patients with bilateral clubfoot and four with unilateral clubfoot were recruited with a total of 50 clubfeet. Each group consists of 25 feet with a mean age of 2 months. Marked improvement in hindfoot correction was noted in tenotomy group compared to non-tenotomy group as evidenced by significant increase in Achilles tendon length, ankle dorsiflexion and improvement of hindfoot Pirani score. No significant difference in Achilles tendon thickness was noted between the two groups. Positive correlation was demonstrated between increase in Achilles tendon length and increase in ankle dorsiflexion as well as improvement in hindfoot Pirani score.

    CONCLUSION:: We would like to propose Achilles tendon tenotomy in all clubfoot patients as it is concretely evident that superior hindfoot correction was achieved in tenotomy group.

    Matched MeSH terms: Clubfoot; Foot
  2. Fulltext The influence of supporting leg on strength and balance during maximal instep kick towards kicking performance among UPSI futsal recreational players
    Afizudin Idrus, Nur Ikhwan Mohamad
    Jurnal Sains Sukan & Pendidikan Jasmani, 2015;4(1):25-40.
    MyJurnal
    The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between supporting leg strength and supporting leg balance; and their correlation with kicking performance. Thirty four recreational male futsal players with a mean age 23.2±1.5 years old voluntarily participated in this study. Physical characteristics of participants (age, weight, height and body mass index) were recorded prior to test. Force platform was used to record kinetics variables during maximal instep kick (with and without target) and during the Balance Stork Test. Ball flight after impact with the kicking foot was recorded using high speed video camera set at 120 frame per second, with 500 hertz shutter speed. Ball velocity was then calculated using motion analysis software. Pearson correlation was used to determine the relationship between variables. Results indicated no significant correlation between maximal vertical force (max-vGRF) with the ball velocity for both condition of kicks; between strength (max-vGRF) and balance (at 95% ellipse area) of supporting leg; between supporting leg balance and ball velocity; between supporting leg balance and ball accuracy. However, negative significant correlations exist between max-vGRF and ball accuracy. Max-vGRF and ball velocity for both kicking without target and kicking with target was found highly correlated. As a conclusion, kicking performance was not primarily influenced by either the supporting leg strength (MVF) or supporting leg balance (95% ellipse area).
    Matched MeSH terms: Foot
  3. Fulltext Pattern of Presentation and Outcome of Short-term Treatment for Idiopathic Clubfoot / CTEV with Ponseti Method
    Gunalan R, Mazelan A, Lee Y, Saw A
    Malays Orthop J, 2016 Nov;10(3):21-25.
    PMID: 28553443 MyJurnal DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1611.009
    Introduction: Congenital Talipes Equinovarus (CTEV) is a common congenital foot deformity that is associated with long term disability. Treatment with Ponseti method has been successful especially for children who present early. We conducted this study to investigate the age of presentation of children and report the early outcome. Materials: This is a retrospective study from a single institution. We included 31 patients with 45 idiopathic clubfeet and investigated problems and success rate at the end of serial casting. Results: Mean age at presentation was 4.9 months. The mean number of casting was 6 and mean duration of casting was 2.7 months. The initial success rate of 91.1%, with four feet (8.8%) diagnosed as resistant clubfoot and eventually required soft tissue surgery. With mean follow up of 14.1 months, four other feet (8.8%) developed relapse but were treated with repeat Ponseti method. Conclusion: Many CTEV patients present late for treatment. However, the Ponseti method remained effective with high initial success rate of 91.1%. Relapsed CTEV can still be treated successfully with repeat casting using the Ponseti method.
    Matched MeSH terms: Clubfoot; Foot
  4. Fulltext Onychomycosis: An Updated Review
    Leung AKC, Lam JM, Leong KF, Hon KL, Barankin B, Leung AAM, et al.
    Recent Pat Inflamm Allergy Drug Discov, 2020;14(1):32-45.
    PMID: 31738146 DOI: 10.2174/1872213X13666191026090713
    BACKGROUND: Onychomycosis is a common fungal infection of the nail.

    OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to provide an update on the evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of onychomycosis.

    METHODS: A PubMed search was completed in Clinical Queries using the key term "onychomycosis". The search was conducted in May 2019. The search strategy included meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, clinical trials, observational studies, and reviews published within the past 20 years. The search was restricted to English literature. Patents were searched using the key term "onychomycosis" in www.freepatentsonline.com.

    RESULTS: Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nail unit. Approximately 90% of toenail and 75% of fingernail onychomycosis are caused by dermatophytes, notably Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton rubrum. Clinical manifestations include discoloration of the nail, subungual hyperkeratosis, onycholysis, and onychauxis. The diagnosis can be confirmed by direct microscopic examination with a potassium hydroxide wet-mount preparation, histopathologic examination of the trimmed affected nail plate with a periodic-acid-Schiff stain, fungal culture, or polymerase chain reaction assays. Laboratory confirmation of onychomycosis before beginning a treatment regimen should be considered. Currently, oral terbinafine is the treatment of choice, followed by oral itraconazole. In general, topical monotherapy can be considered for mild to moderate onychomycosis and is a therapeutic option when oral antifungal agents are contraindicated or cannot be tolerated. Recent patents related to the management of onychomycosis are also discussed.

    CONCLUSION: Oral antifungal therapies are effective, but significant adverse effects limit their use. Although topical antifungal therapies have minimal adverse events, they are less effective than oral antifungal therapies, due to poor nail penetration. Therefore, there is a need for exploring more effective and/or alternative treatment modalities for the treatment of onychomycosis which are safer and more effective.

    Matched MeSH terms: Foot Dermatoses/diagnosis; Foot Dermatoses/drug therapy; Foot Dermatoses/microbiology
  5. Fulltext First and Second Metatarsophalangeal Joint Open Dislocations: A Case Report
    Sharma A, Dosajh R, Bedi GS, Gupta K, Jain A
    Malays Orthop J, 2017 Mar;11(1):71-73.
    PMID: 28435580 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1703.010
    Dislocation of multiple metatarsophalangeal joint is an uncommon injury. The mechanism of injury is a high energy force distal to proximal with foot in hyperextension at the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint. The acute hyperextension of the toe at the moment of injury causes avulsion of the plantar part of the capsule from the junction of head and neck of the metatarsal. If the collateral ligaments remain intact, they maintain the locked fibrocartilaginous plate over the dorsum of the head of the metatarsal, making closed reduction impossible. We report a case of simultaneous 1st and 2nd MTP joint open dislocation. In the present case, we chose the plantar approach utilizing the already present plantar wound. At 18 months post-operative follow-up, there was no instance of redislocations or signs of avascular necrosis of head of metatarsal.
    Matched MeSH terms: Foot
  6. Fulltext Annual report of National Orthopaedic Registry Malaysia (NORM) Diabetic Foot 2009
    Abdullah MAH, Abdullah AT
    Citation: Abdullah MAH, Abdullah AT. Annual report of National Orthopaedic Registry Malaysia (NORM) Diabetic Foot 2009. Kuala Lumpur: Clinical Research Centre, Malaysia; 2010
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetic Foot
  7. Fulltext Prevalence of lameness, claw lesions, and associated risk factors in dairy farms in Selangor, Malaysia
    Sadiq MB, Ramanoon SZ, Mansor R, Syed-Hussain SS, Shaik Mossadeq WM
    Trop Anim Health Prod, 2017 Dec;49(8):1741-1748.
    PMID: 28856534 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-017-1387-4
    The objectives of this cross-sectional study were to estimate the prevalence of lameness, claw lesions, and associated risk factors in dairy farms in Selangor, Malaysia. The sample population was 251 lactating cows from 8 farms assessed for lameness and claw lesions by locomotion scoring and claw assessment respectively while specific animal-based measures were hypothesized as cow-level risk factors. The Wilcoxon rank test and logistic regression were applied to assess the prevalence of lameness, claw lesions, and association with potential risk factors, respectively. The prevalence of lameness was 19.1% ranging from 10.0 to 33.3% while 31.1% of cows had claw lesions and ranged from 16.3-40%. Claw lesions were recorded in 87.5% of the lame cows with highest being those affected with sole lesions (54.2%) and white line disease (61.2%). Overall, the occurrence of overgrown claws, sole lesions, white line disease, and digital dermatitis were 37, 18.2, 10.9, and 8.3%, respectively. More than one claw lesion per cow was present in 71.8% of the affected cows. Lameness was associated with early lactation (OR = 3.3; 95% CI 2-7), injured hocks (OR = 4.8; 95% CI 5-17), and dirty legs hygiene (OR = 2.6; 95% CI 1.3-6.2), whereas presence of claw lesions was associated with dirty legs hygiene (OR = 4.7; 95% CI 4-11) and overgrown claw (OR = 2.7; 95% CI 1.4-5.3). To reduce the prevalence of lameness, farmers need to improve the management of cows with overgrown claw, injured hocks, and cleanliness by establishing routine claw trimming and efficient stall design.
    Matched MeSH terms: Foot Diseases/etiology; Foot Diseases/epidemiology; Foot Diseases/veterinary*
  8. Fulltext Predictors of major lower limb amputation among type II diabetic patients admitted for diabetic foot problems
    Yusof NM, Rahman JA, Zulkifly AH, Che-Ahmad A, Khalid KA, Sulong AF, et al.
    Singapore Med J, 2015 Nov;56(11):626-31.
    PMID: 26668408 DOI: 10.11622/smedj.2015172
    Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common cause of amputations in Malaysia. This study aimed to identify the predictive factors for major lower limb amputation among patients with type 2 DM (T2DM) who were admitted to a hospital, in order to reduce its likelihood.
    Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 218 patients with T2DM who were admitted to Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, Kuantan, Malaysia, for diabetic foot problems from June 2011 to July 2012. A form was developed to document the patients' profiles, comorbidities, complications, investigations, treatment and clinical outcomes. The predictors for major lower limb amputations were determined using univariate and stepwise logistic regression analysis.
    Results: A total of 31 patients underwent major lower limb amputations (25 transtibial, 6 transfemoral). The following factors were found to be associated with the incidence of major lower limb amputations: T2DM duration ≥ 10 years, diabetic neuropathy, diabetic nephropathy, presentation with gangrene, diabetic foot conditions of Wagner grade 4 or 5, and necrotising fasciitis. Patients who underwent major amputations had significantly lower haemoglobin and albumin levels, and higher total white blood cell counts, erythrocyte sedimentation rates, and C-reactive protein, urea and creatinine levels. However, only T2DM duration ≥ 10 years, positive bacterial culture and albumin levels were significant on stepwise logistic regression analysis.
    Conclusion: T2DM duration ≥ 10 years, positive bacterial culture and low albumin levels were found to be significant predictive factors for major lower limb amputation among patients with T2DM admitted for diabetic foot problems.
    Keywords: amputation; diabetes mellitus; diabetic foot; lower limb; type II.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetic Foot/etiology; Diabetic Foot/epidemiology; Diabetic Foot/surgery*
  9. Fulltext Effects of monochromatic infrared energy therapy on diabetic feet with peripheral sensory neuropathy: a randomised controlled trial
    Nawfar SA, Yacob NB
    Singapore Med J, 2011 Sep;52(9):669-72.
    PMID: 21947144
    INTRODUCTION: Peripheral diabetic neuropathy, which is a cause of increasing morbidity and mortality following foot ulcers and amputations, is a burden to health and the economy. Various adjunct treatments to improve neuropathy have been introduced into the market; one such treatment is monochromatic infrared energy (MIRE) therapy, which claimed to produce promising results. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of MIRE on diabetic feet with peripheral neuropathy.
    METHODS: A randomised controlled, single-blinded study was conducted at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia from February 2008 to October 2008. A total of 30 feet from 24 patients were studied. Neuropathy was screened using the Michigan neuropathy scoring instrument, followed by an assessment of the current perception threshold using a neurometer at frequencies of 2,000 Hz, 250 Hz and 5 Hz. The feet were randomised to receive either daily MIRE or sham treatment for a total of 12 treatments. Each foot was then reassessed using the neurometer at six weeks and three months following treatment.
    RESULTS: The data obtained was analysed using a non-parametric test to compare the pre- and post-treatment groups. No significant difference was found between the neuropathic foot of diabetic patients in both the MIRE and sham groups.
    CONCLUSION: No improvement of neuropathy was observed following MIRE treatment in the neuropathic feet of diabetic patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Foot/physiopathology; Diabetic Foot/radiotherapy*
  10. Fulltext Estimation of body segmental orientation for prosthetic gait using a nonlinear autoregressive neural network with exogenous inputs
    Tham LK, Al Kouzbary M, Al Kouzbary H, Liu J, Abu Osman NA
    Phys Eng Sci Med, 2023 Dec;46(4):1723-1739.
    PMID: 37870729 DOI: 10.1007/s13246-023-01332-6
    Assessment of the prosthetic gait is an important clinical approach to evaluate the quality and functionality of the prescribed lower limb prosthesis as well as to monitor rehabilitation progresses following limb amputation. Limited access to quantitative assessment tools generally affects the repeatability and consistency of prosthetic gait assessments in clinical practice. The rapidly developing wearable technology industry provides an alternative to objectively quantify prosthetic gait in the unconstrained environment. This study employs a neural network-based model in estimating three-dimensional body segmental orientation of the lower limb amputees during gait. Using a wearable system with inertial sensors attached to the lower limb segments, thirteen individuals with lower limb amputation performed two-minute walk tests on a robotic foot and a passive foot. The proposed model replicates features of a complementary filter to estimate drift free three-dimensional orientation of the intact and prosthetic limbs. The results indicate minimal estimation biases and high correlation, validating the ability of the proposed model to reproduce the properties of a complementary filter while avoiding the drawbacks, most notably in the transverse plane due to gravitational acceleration and magnetic disturbance. Results of this study also demonstrates the capability of the well-trained model to accurately estimate segmental orientation, regardless of amputation level, in different types of locomotion task.
    Matched MeSH terms: Foot
  11. Papase as a treatment option for the overgranulating wound
    Mustafah NM, Chung TY
    J Wound Care, 2014 Feb;23(2 Suppl):S10-2.
    PMID: 24526167
    Overgranulation (also commonly known as hypergranulation) is a common problem in chronic wound management. We describe a case involving a 57-year-old lady with a chronic diabetic foot ulcer, complicated with overgranulation for the past year. She was administered with various treatments, including hydrocortisone 1% cream and hydrofiber, which proved ineffective and further delayed the healing process of her ulcer. We then decided to use crushed Papase tablets applied to her ulcer after a normal saline dressing and prior to an application of secondary dressing. The patient was instructed clearly on the dressing technique to be performed daily at home and was monitored weekly in a foot care clinic. The overgranulation resolved within 5 weeks and the patient continues recieving care to promote epithelialisation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetic Foot/drug therapy; Diabetic Foot/pathology*
  12. Diagnostic use of Burkholderia pseudomallei selective media in a low prevalence setting
    Roesnita B, Tay ST, Puthucheary SD, Sam IC
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 2012 Feb;106(2):131-3.
    PMID: 22112687 DOI: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2011.10.007
    Routine use of selective media improves diagnosis of Burkholderia pseudomallei, but resources may be limited in endemic developing countries. To maximise yield in the relatively low-prevalence setting of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, B. pseudomallei selective agar and broth were compared with routine media for 154 respiratory specimens from patients with community-acquired disease. Selective media detected three additional culture-positive specimens and one additional melioidosis patient, at a consumables cost of US$75. Burkholderia pseudomallei was not isolated from 74 diabetic foot ulcer samples. Following careful local evaluation, focused use of selective media may be cost-effective.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetic Foot/microbiology*; Diabetic Foot/epidemiology
  13. Fulltext Health-related quality of life in patients with diabetic foot problems in Malaysia
    Mazlina M, Shamsul AS, Jeffery FA
    Med J Malaysia, 2011 Aug;66(3):234-8.
    PMID: 22111447 MyJurnal
    This study aimed to evaluate the impact of foot problems on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with diabetes in Malaysia. Short-Form 36 (SF-36) questionnaire was used to assess the HRQoL of 140 diabetic patients with foot problems attending outpatient diabetic foot clinic in a tertiary hospital, University Malaya Medical Centre. Their HRQoL were compared with 134 diabetic patients without foot problems attending the same clinic. The median score of all the eight SF-36 domains differed significantly between the two groups, where patients with foot problems having statistically significant lower scores. The two domains that were most severely compromised were components of the physical health: Physical Functioning and Role Physical domains. The SF-36 scale scores in diabetic patients with foot problems were also lower than those of the SF-36 norms for the Malaysian population. In conclusion, the results showed that diabetic foot problems negatively affect the patients' HRQoL in both physical and mental health aspects based on the SF-36.
    Study site: Diabetic Foot clinic, University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetic Foot/complications*; Diabetic Foot/psychology*
  14. A rare case of diplopodia and syndactyly: anatomical and surgical considerations
    Kadir KH, Abdul Rashid AH, Das S, Ibrahim S
    J Foot Ankle Surg, 2011 Mar-Apr;50(2):252-6.
    PMID: 21354013 DOI: 10.1053/j.jfas.2010.10.017
    Diplopodia is a rare congenital disorder that has not been extensively discussed in textbooks, and case reports appear to be the main source of information. Although the exact cause of diplopodia remains unknown, the presence of extra digits as well as metatarsals and tarsals allows it to be differentiated from pedal polydactyly. Syndactyly refers to the congenital fusion of the digits. Concomitant bilateral syndactyly and diplopodia is extremely unusual, and in this report we describe a case of right diplopodia and left polydactyly combined with bilateral manual syndactyly in a 15-year-old girl who was ultimately treated with through-the-knee amputation. Radiological examination of the right leg revealed tibial hypoplasia and the right foot displayed 8 digits with corresponding metatarsals and tarsals, whereas the left leg revealed 2 extra digits on the medial aspect of the foot with corresponding metatarsal and tarsal bones. Anatomical dissection of the right foot revealed that it was divided into halves consisting of 8 toes with corresponding metatarsals and tarsals, as well as tibial hypoplasia and absence of the great toe. Diplopodia associated with tibial hypoplasia and syndactyly can be treated surgically, and the present case report details the clinical, radiological, and anatomical elements of this rare deformity.
    Matched MeSH terms: Foot Deformities, Congenital/pathology; Foot Deformities, Congenital/surgery*
  15. Cutaneous larva migrans: a neglected disease and possible association with the use of long socks
    Hamat RA, Rahman AA, Osman M, Unyah NZ, Abdullah WO, Isa NH
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 2010 Feb;104(2):170-2.
    PMID: 19732927 DOI: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2009.07.019
    Cutaneous larva migrans is a common parasitic skin disease that can be easily prevented by wearing 'protective' footwear. However, this has been under-emphasized in terms of what constitutes the protective footwear. Even though the disease resolves spontaneously, the significant duration of the disease along with severity of pruritus make treatment unavoidable. Here, we present a very long-standing creeping eruption, which puzzled many attending clinicians handling the case, and the possibility of long socks as a causal effect on the development of cutaneous larva migrans infection.
    Matched MeSH terms: Foot Dermatoses/parasitology*; Foot Dermatoses/pathology
  16. Compression and texture in socks enhance football kicking performance
    Hasan H, Davids K, Chow JY, Kerr G
    Hum Mov Sci, 2016 Aug;48:102-11.
    PMID: 27155962 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2016.04.008
    The purpose of this study was to observe effects of wearing textured insoles and clinical compression socks on organisation of lower limb interceptive actions in developing athletes of different skill levels in association football. Six advanced learners and six completely novice football players (15.4±0.9years) performed 20 instep kicks with maximum velocity, in four randomly organised insoles and socks conditions, (a) Smooth Socks with Smooth Insoles (SSSI); (b) Smooth Socks with Textured Insoles (SSTI); (c) Compression Socks with Smooth Insoles (CSSI) and (d), Compression Socks with Textured Insoles (CSTI). Reflective markers were placed on key anatomical locations and the ball to facilitate three-dimensional (3D) movement recording and analysis. Data on 3D kinematic variables and initial ball velocity were analysed using one-way mixed model ANOVAs. Results revealed that wearing textured and compression materials enhanced performance in key variables, such as the maximum velocity of the instep kick and increased initial ball velocity, among advanced learners compared to the use of non-textured and compression materials. Adding texture to football boot insoles appeared to interact with compression materials to improve kicking performance, captured by these important measures. This improvement in kicking performance is likely to have occurred through enhanced somatosensory system feedback utilised for foot placement and movement organisation of the lower limbs. Data suggested that advanced learners were better at harnessing the augmented feedback information from compression and texture to regulate emerging movement patterns compared to novices.
    Matched MeSH terms: Foot/anatomy & histology; Foot/physiology; Football/physiology*
  17. Fulltext A Consistent Orally-Infected Hamster Model for Enterovirus A71 Encephalomyelitis Demonstrates Squamous Lesions in the Paws, Skin and Oral Cavity Reminiscent of Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease
    Phyu WK, Ong KC, Wong KT
    PLoS One, 2016;11(1):e0147463.
    PMID: 26815859 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147463
    Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) causes self-limiting, hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) that may rarely be complicated by encephalomyelitis. Person-to-person transmission is usually by fecal-oral or oral-oral routes. To study viral replication sites in the oral cavity and other tissues, and to gain further insights into virus shedding and neuropathogenesis, we developed a consistent, orally-infected, 2-week-old hamster model of HFMD and EV-A71 encephalomyelitis. Tissues from orally-infected, 2-week-old hamsters were studied by light microscopy, immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization to detect viral antigens and RNA, respectively, and by virus titration. Hamsters developed the disease and died after 4-8 days post infection; LD50 was 25 CCID50. Macroscopic cutaneous lesions around the oral cavity and paws were observed. Squamous epithelium in the lip, oral cavity, paw, skin, and esophagus, showed multiple small inflammatory foci around squamous cells that demonstrated viral antigens/RNA. Neurons (brainstem, spinal cord, sensory ganglia), acinar cells (salivary gland, lacrimal gland), lymphoid cells (lymph node, spleen), and muscle fibres (skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscles), liver and gastric epithelium also showed varying amounts of viral antigens/RNA. Intestinal epithelium, Peyer's patches, thymus, pancreas, lung and kidney were negative. Virus was isolated from oral washes, feces, brain, spinal cord, skeletal muscle, serum, and other tissues. Our animal model should be useful to study squamous epitheliotropism, neuropathogenesis, oral/fecal shedding in EV-A71 infection, person-to-person transmission, and to test anti-viral drugs and vaccines.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease/pathology*; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease/virology
  18. Adenovirus in EV71-associated hand, foot, and mouth disease
    Lum LC, Wong KT, Lam SK, Chua KB, Goh AY
    Lancet, 2000 Jan 08;355(9198):146-7.
    PMID: 10675193
    Matched MeSH terms: Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease/epidemiology; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease/virology*
  19. Fulltext Compartment syndrome of the calf and foot following a displaced Salter-Harris type II fracture of the distal tibia: a review of the literature and a case report
    Yeap JS, Fazir M, Ezlan S, Kareem BA, Harwant S
    Med J Malaysia, 2001 Jun;56 Suppl C:66-9.
    PMID: 11814253
    A 14 year-old boy with an epiphyseal fracture of the distal right tibia and fibula developed compartment syndrome of the calf and foot. The diagnosis of compartment syndrome was delayed and a fasciotomy resulted in uncontrolled infection, which ultimately resulted in an above knee amputation. Constant vigilance is necessary in uncooperative or non-complaining patients to detect the signs and symptoms of compartment syndrome, even where the injury is not often associated with this complication. The difficulties in management, following a fasciotomy for delayed diagnosis of compartment syndrome, are discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Foot Diseases/microbiology; Foot Diseases/surgery*
  20. Fulltext Factors related to adverse outcome in inpatients with diabetic foot
    Harwant S, Doshi HK, Moissinac K, Abdullah BT
    Med J Malaysia, 2000 Jun;55(2):236-41.
    PMID: 19839152
    Sixty inpatients with diabetic foot were studied prospectively at the Orthopaedic wards of Hospital Kuala Lumpur. Data was evaluated to document the patient profile and the factors that were associated with a major amputation (either above knee or below knee) of the lower limb. Factors that were associated with increased risk of amputation were a low education level, manual occupation, poor foot care, peripheral vascular insufficiency of the lower limb, insulin dependence, anaemia and leucocytosis. However only anaemia, leucocytosis and hyperglycaemia were statistically significant in predicting a more adverse surgical procedure. This study recommends that foot care awareness and practice is important. This can be effectively dealt with at specially organised, multi disciplinary Diabetic Foot Clinics.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetic Foot/physiopathology*; Diabetic Foot/surgery
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