Displaying publications 101 - 120 of 298 in total

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  1. Guangnan Z, Tao H, Rahman MA, Yao L, Al-Saffar A, Meng Q, et al.
    Work, 2021;68(3):871-879.
    PMID: 33612530 DOI: 10.3233/WOR-203421
    BACKGROUND: An isolated robot must take account of uncertainty in its world model and adapt its activities to take into account such as uncertainty. In the same way, a robot interaction with security and privacy issues (RISAPI) with people has to account for its confusion about the human internal state, as well as how this state will shift as humans respond to the robot.

    OBJECTIVES: This paper discusses RISAPI of our original work in the field, which shows how probabilistic planning and system theory algorithms in workplace robotic systems that work with people can allow for that reasoning using a security robot system. The problem is a general way as an incomplete knowledge 2-player game.

    RESULTS: In this general framework, the various hypotheses and these contribute to thrilling and complex robot behavior through real-time interaction, which transforms actual human subjects into a spectrum of production systems, robots, and care facilities.

    CONCLUSION: The models of the internal human situation, in which robots can be designed efficiently, are limited, and achieve optimal computational intractability in large, high-dimensional spaces. To achieve this, versatile, lightweight portrayals of the human inner state and modern algorithms offer great hope for reasoning.

    Matched MeSH terms: Workplace
  2. Mohd Esa Baruji, Sudin, Sham Xahary, Siti Zainatul Arafah, Nuraida Waslee, Siti Nasyrah Ibrahim, Nur Hidayana Abdullah, et al.
    MyJurnal
    communication, full compliance and good behavior) as among the crucial elements required to be possessed by the principal employers in three sectors, namely manufacturing, public services and construction. In relation to this, this paper will describe the development and validation of instruments prior to the measurement of principal employers’ roles and responsibilities in the implementation of OSH. Three assessment tools were developed, namely the Benchmarking Interview, Questionnaire and Workplace Inspection. Fifteen companies were selected for the benchmarking interview, 50 employers conveniently selected for the survey interview (covering three sectors) and 90 employers selected for the workplace inspection (30 respondents for each sector). The development of benchmarking interview and workplace inspection scores are briefly discussed while the main focus is on the validation of the survey constructs (or items). The reliability check on 53 items representing four elements (i.e., Commitment, Communication, Compliance, Behaviour) of employers’ roles and responsibilities in the implementation of OSH showed that the Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient is more than 0.90 which indicates that the internal consistency is extremely reliable. It also indicates that the set of items in each element are closely related and well understood by the respondents. Validity check on the items based on the Rasch measurement infit and outfit mean square statistics and standardized z-score found that nine items had misfitting values and finally corrected for further analysis. This study had shown that a valid and reliable instruments are important in ensuring that accurate and precise findings are obtained in measuring the roles and responsibilities of principal employer in the implementation of OSH.
    Matched MeSH terms: Workplace
  3. Tam, Jenn Zhueng, Sharifa Ezat Wan Putih, Noor Hassim
    MyJurnal
    The study objective is to examine the effects of the identified attributes (i.e. employee characteristics and ergonomics) that influences the chronic back pain disabilities acquired and benefits awarded via the recognition of workplace relatedness. As these factors are considered in work- related chronic back pain, we hypothesized that the ascertainment of work relatedness would depend on employees’ workplace conditions (poor ergonomic practices) and innate personal conditions (excellent pre-existing medical health). Two set of data was collected from a registry owned by a social security organization in 2012. Factor analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the data. As predicted, workplace conditions and employees’ pre- existing medical health status mediated occupational back pain to develop disability and monetary benefit relationships. In conclusion, the results support the importance of obtaining workplace evidence and employees’ pre- existing medical health status that produces stronger relationship in terms of the amount of benefits to be given compared to the lesser effects on disability. Both models with different samples showed consistent SEM results. The proposed model would be applicable in the heterogenous Asian setting and that occupational back pain consensus is the key element in providing effective social security protection.
    Matched MeSH terms: Workplace
  4. Salvaraji L, Jeffree MS, Avoi R, Atil A, Mohd Akhir H, Shamsudin SBB, et al.
    J Public Health Res, 2020 Oct 14;9(4):1994.
    PMID: 33312989 DOI: 10.4081/jphr.2020.1994
    An increasing amount of waste concurrently further extends the risk of exposure to hazardous material among waste collectors. In light of the COVID-19 crisis, municipal waste collectors are one of the most at-risk groups of SARS-Cov-2 exposure. Risk assessment included hazard identification, evaluation of existing control level at the workplace, estimation of likelihood and severity of hazard, risk determination, and control measure recommendations. Five waste collection activities were identified and reviewed. High-risk exposure includes collection of garbage, mechanical manipulation of compactor lorries and unloading of garbage at the disposal site. There is poor practice of personal hygiene and unestablished continuous monitoring of personal protective equipment supplies. The preventive measures in the waste collection industry are influenced by several factors. Until the preventive measures are adopted into practice and adapted according to each company's requirements, biological agents continue to be risk factor to the health workers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Workplace
  5. Rajendran SD, Wahab SN, Yeap SP
    Saf Health Work, 2020 Dec;11(4):537-542.
    PMID: 33329921 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2020.06.007
    Background: Personal protective equipment (PPE) has been designed in such a way to reduce accident rates. Unfortunately, existing PPE is rather ineffective as it is not able to provide warning signals when hazard is around. The integration of intelligent systems is envisaged to increase the efficiency of existing PPE.

    Methods: This project designed a safety vest incorporated with metal detectors which can provide immediate warning to the field workers when there is metal hazard around. This product has greater freedom of design via smart manufacturing as it involves the assembly of few commercially available parts into a single entity. Briefly, the metal detector is a do it yourself (DIY) kit, and the safety vest is purchasable from any local market. The DIY kit was connected to a copper coil and being sewed into the safety vest.

    Results: The metal detector induces beeping sound when there is metal hazard around. A total of 121 engineering students were introduced to the prototype before being requested to answer a survey associated with the design. Respondents have rated >3.00/5.00 for the design simplicity, ease of usage, and light weight. Meanwhile, respondents suggested that the design should be further improved by increasing the metal detection range.

    Conclusion: It is envisaged that the introduction of this smart safety vest will allow the workers to carry out their duties securely by reducing the accident rates. Particularly, such design is expected to reduce workplace accident especially during night time at construction sites where the visibility is low.

    Matched MeSH terms: Workplace
  6. Siti Marwanis Anua, Nur Fatin Haris, Nurzafirah Mazlan
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: This study reported the concentration of bacterial and fungal bioaerosol at an animal house and hospi- tal laboratories with the aim to compare the concentration levels at library and administrative offices. The bioaerosol levels between mid-shift (afternoon) were also compared to the concentration measured during pre-shift (morning). Methods: The NIOSH 0800 method utilising microbiological air sampler collecting airborne bacterial and fungal samples via impaction technique on Nutrient agar (NA) and Sabouraud Dextrouse agar (SDA) as culture medium, respectively. Sampling was done twice daily; before (pre-shift) and during working (mid-shift) hour. Results: The highest bacteria and fungi concentration was recorded at the animal house with median concentration of 2477 CFU/ m3 (IQR=121-2477) and 791 CFU/m3 (IQR = 379-2081), respectively. Higher-risked workplaces such as animal house and hospital laboratories have significantly higher bioaerosol concentrations compared to control workplaces such as library and administrative offices (p
    Matched MeSH terms: Workplace
  7. Jahan F
    Malays Fam Physician, 2021 Mar 25;16(1):15-17.
    PMID: 33948138 DOI: 10.51866/rv0001
    The current outbreak of COVID-19, originating from the city of Wuhan in China and ultimately involving over 200 countries, is now a global concern. Evidence indicates that COVID-19 spread to humans from wild animals, causing severe respiratory tract infections in humans; the typical symptoms of COVID include cough, high-grade fever, sore throat, and difficulty in breathing. The infection spreads from human to human via droplets. Therefore, social or physical distancing can reduce spread within communities. Asymptomatic spread can also occur during family gatherings or in the workplace; thus, we must enforce physical distancing as much as possible to reduce the spread of cases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Workplace
  8. Nurul Maizura Hashim, Zailina Hashim, Rukman Awang Hamat, Hayati Kadir
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Water based Metalworking fluids (MWF) are commonly used in machining industries and are excellent media for microorganism growth. The study aimed at determining the relationship between the airway inflammation as indicated by fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) with the microbial contaminants of MWF in aerosol and bulk sample as well as the workers’ reported respiratory health symptoms. Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out on 138 machining workers. Their FeNO were measured using NIOX-MINO instrumentation. The microbial as- sessments of bacteria and fungus were carried out on the MWF bulk samples and the aerosol using a sampler DUO SAS SUPER 360TM. Results: Findings showed significant difference in the FeNO levels in workers from various job sections (p=0.01). Significant relationships found between high FeNO levels with their closeness to the machines (p=0.03), high number of machines in the workplaces (p=0.02), high environmental bacteria colonies (p=0.04), lon- ger employment years (p
    Matched MeSH terms: Workplace
  9. Gunawan, E., Deo, P., Hidayat, T., Pandia, V., Iskandar, S., Yuni, P.S., et al.
    Medicine & Health, 2018;13(2):95-102.
    MyJurnal
    Lecturers are expected to cope with stress in their workplace in order to continue to be productive. The demand to fulfill targets will increase the incidence of occupational stress. The aim of the study was to determine the factors associated with occupational stress among state university lecturers in Bandung, Indonesia. The study was carried out on 354 state university lecturers in Bandung, who came to the research location during May 2017. It was conducted by means of a diagnostic survey with the use of the Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ), Spiritual Wellness Inventory-R (SWI-R), Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS), Miller Smith lifestyle assessment inventory, and Occupational Stress Scale (OSC). A total of 330 respondents became our study subjects with response rate of 92.94%. A correlation bivariate was applied to analyse the correlation of external and internal factors with occupational stress. The statistical analysis was conducted by means of SPSS Statistics 18.0 with p≤0.05. From 330 lecturers, there were 153 (46.4%) males and 177 (53.6%) females. The marital status included 257 (77.9%) married, 27 (8.2%) single, while 46 (13.9%) did not answer. The results proved the existence of a correlation between life, stress event, life style, mental emotional disorders, with occupational stress. The spirituality factors contributed to occupational stress were selfworth, control, and connectedness. Lecturer had to cope with occupational stress. There are some factors, which could influence occupational stress among lecturers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Workplace
  10. Li Tsu Chong, Mohd Nizam Kassim, Jane Ivanna Joss, Nurisrahwati Arif, Sherilviana Jukilin
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: The final year of the study period is the time students should be in the mood of ready to enter working life. There are concerned that newly graduated nurses do not have the necessary skills and competence once they enter the working life. The final year nursing students seldom have confidence because they were not getting enough experience in the clinical posting. The soft skill and not being able to perform in the clinical area and their readiness to work in real working life. Thus, this study is to assess final year and newly graduated students’ readiness to enter the real working life environment after graduated from the institution. Methods: This study using cross-sectional sur- vey design using convenience sampling method. Adapted questionnaire is used and distributed via on-line Google form to all final year nursing and newly graduated of nursing students Universiti Malaysia Sabah. Results: Total 71 respondents (63.38% third-year and 21.12% newly graduated students) responded to this survey. 68 students (95%) were ready to enter the real working life and there were two students (5%) that still not ready to perform on their own after the course finished. Majority 70 (98.59%) find that early exposure to a real working environment was important to polish student soft skill and enhance student performance skill in doing any procedure. 96% responded that early exposure will develop student competency in leadership qualities to guide their teamwork and adaptation from the real scenario on how they will perform in their work in the future. Complete facilities in the practical area can make the student feel excited to start working in clinical area is the possible factor rated in more than half of the responded (57.7%). Conclusion: Most of the participant is ready to apply their knowledge and skill in a real working situation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Workplace
  11. Nor Halim Hasan, Said, M.R., Leman, A.M.
    MyJurnal
    Engineering control is a method of controlling the risk of exposure to contaminants. Health effects to industrial workers are more severe whilst high exposure and time exposed to contaminants at workplace. Installation of industrial ventilation or local exhaust ventilation (LEV) system is the proposed method to reduce the risk. This paper discusses the past, present and future relating to LEV system in Malaysia. Current issues related to monitoring reported by Hygiene Technician in compliance with Occupational Safety and Health (Use of Standard Chemical Hazardous to Health Regulation 2000) carried out in several states in Malaysia as a sample. The nanotechnology is a new area at present and future. The involvement of government, employers and employees need to be justified due to the attention to prevent and control of any exposure. It is suggested that using the Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulation, a new design of LEV system can be upgraded and predicted.
    Matched MeSH terms: Workplace
  12. Emilia, Z.A., Noor Hassim, I.
    MyJurnal
    Background: A cross-sectional study on work-related stressors among nurses in a public teaching hospital had also attempted to explore functions of coping strategies in determining stress.
    Materials and Methods: A structured bilingual questionnaire (English-Malay) on symptoms and sources of stress, and coping style measure was disseminated to medical and surgical nurses working in a teaching hospital in Kuala Lumpur. Socio demographic information and stress management methods were inquired. Frequency in workplace stressors were assessed using Nursing Stress Scale. Stress symptoms and home-life stressors were evaluated using Personal Stress Inventory. Measurement of coping strategies was performed using Coping Orientation for Problems Experienced questionnaire.
    Results: A total of 181 questionnaires were disseminated and 151 (83.4%) were satisfactorily completed by nurses. It was found that the prevalence of work-related stress among medical and surgical nurses was 49.3% (N=74/150). Analysis of dichotomized outcome (between Stress and No stress group) illustrated high workload (t-value=4.122; p
    Matched MeSH terms: Workplace
  13. Anuar, I., Zahedi, F., Kadir, A., Mokhtar, A.B.
    MyJurnal
    Background : Risk management strategy at the workplace needs two way interactions between employee and employer. Therefore, study on risk perception among workers based on scientific analysis is needed to gain knowledge and understanding on how workers perceived risk at the workplace in order to design risk management strategies more effectively.
    Methodology : A cross sectional study was carried out among 628 respondents from 36 medical laboratories in the public and private sector in Klang Valley. Using a self administered questionnaire, respondents were required to perceive risk on 30 hazards which have been identified in the medical laboratory. Each hazard was encoded by using Likert scale 1= not risky, 2= risky but low, 3= moderate risk, 4= high risk and 5= very high risk.
    Result : Overall, the study showed that working in the medical laboratory was perceived to of moderate risk. When comparing among ethic groups, the Malays had the highest perception of risk (3.07±0.88) as compared with Indians (3.03±0.88) and the Chinese (2.78±0.90). Employee with higher education and position level perceived low level of risk compared to those with lower education and position level. For those working in different types of laboratories, there are significant difference on risk perception, (p=0.001). Employees who work in government sector perceived higher (3.12±0.93) risk compared to workers in private sector (2.85±0.88). In terms of OSH based knowledge, those with higher level of education and position have a high score knowledge on OSH compared to those have lower education and position level.
    Conclusion : This study showed that risk perception among workers in medical laboratory is influenced by socio-demography factor such race, education level, job position and the laboratory where the respondents are working.
    Matched MeSH terms: Workplace
  14. Sukadarin, E.H., Deros, B.M., Nawi, N.S.M., Rambely, A.S., Bakar, S.A., Tamrin, S.B.M.
    MyJurnal
    Posture is one of the most important factor that need to be considered in any postural analysis. Awkward, extreme,
    and repetitive postures can increase the risk of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). As observational methods are more
    widely used than instrumentation-based methods to assess postural problems, this study reviews and assesses the
    scientific literature of observational methods and focused on pen and paper based specifically. In order to identify the
    published methods, a list of English or Malay articles dating as far back as 1990 was compiled from PubMed, Science
    Direct and Google Scholar. The keywords were ergo*, posture*, method*, observational*, postural problems*, pen and
    paper*, posture analysis*, indirect* and macro-ergo*. In addition, a secondary search was also performed using
    bibliography of retrieved articles so that additional papers for conducting review and evaluations can be collected. A
    total of 121 articles that assessed postural problems in working activities were found. However, after intensive
    screening process only 6 articles were selected to be further analyzed. Posture of upper arms/shoulder, lower arms/
    elbow, wrist, neck, back/trunk and leg were highlighted in this study. The limitations and the strengths of the
    published pen and paper based observational method focusing on those postures were also discussed. The finding of
    this review will benefit researchers in the process of understanding unsafe posture in workplace. It could also provide
    to researcher on how to improve the current pen and paper based observational method for assessing postural
    problems.
    Matched MeSH terms: Workplace
  15. Deros, B.M., Daruis, D.D.I., Ghani, J.A., Saleh, C., Wazir, R.M., Yasim, M.K., et al.
    MyJurnal
    This An Ergonomic hazard often exists in any industry. However, majority of the employees are not aware of practicing good body posture until the MSDs symptoms become permanent and chronic. The main objective of this study is to determine the manual handling problems among workers at an electronic component manufacturing company. The scope of this study focused on the study entire body disorders among workers on electronic manufacturing company using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA). A cross sectional study involving observation of the workplace, the work task and the working environment, photographs and videos taken during the observation. Later, a survey questionnaire was given to the respondents to obtain their socio-demography information, work activity and health problems. Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) was conducted on all respondents to determined REBA scores in different work positions. The study was conducted at an electronic component manufacturing company located in Klang Valley, Selangor. A total of 124 workers were surveyed and REBA assessment was performed on 20 workers at Company X production area. It includes 5 categories of position at Company X, such as:loading steel bar into casing; pushing the steel bar, turning movement while adjusting the steel bar, adjusting steel bar into the loading area, unloading steel bar from casing into the machine. The study found that turning section has the highest MSDs problems regarding manual handling because majority of the respondents in the turning department felt the pain while performing their work. This is due to their job demand, which they need to handle with tools weighing from 200 to 400 kg. The REBA scores showed that17 out of 20 respondents performing turning operations, moving and pushing the steel bar recorded the highest score of 11 or more which are categorize in the very high risk group. The position of pushing and turning steel bar while moving the steel bar has higher risk that contributed to the ergonomics risk factor, which in-turn can contribute to Muscular Skeletal Disorders (MSDs). More detailed investigation and remedial measures should be taken immediately, especially for the workers performing the manual handlings activities.
    Matched MeSH terms: Workplace
  16. Lotfizadeh, Masoud, Maimaiti, Namaitijiang, Noor Hassim Ismail
    MyJurnal
    Occupational stress is one of the major health hazards among blue and white-collar workers. However there is no data on occupational stress among white-collar workers in Iran. Aim of this study was to investigate occupational stress among white collar employees in Esfahan Steel Company organization (ESCO), Iran. A cross-sectional survey was conducted through face to face interview using validated standardized questionnaire on occupational stress among 200 white-collar workers from ESCO who agreed to participate in the study, the response rate of participation was 100%. The logistic regression test was used to determine significant associated factors of occupational stress among the study sample.. It is found that among the six items measuring source of stress, the highest source of stress related to economic problem, 117 (59.7%). The statistical analysis showed sources of stress such as task type (p=0.0001), economic problem (p=0.0001), work environment (p=0.0001) and children problem (p=0.05) were significantly associated with having stress among the workers. We found that around half of the white collar workers were under stress at ESCO. Main sources of the occupational stress of white colour workers related to their work environment, economic problem; task type, and related their children.
    Matched MeSH terms: Workplace
  17. Masitah Alias, Zaini Hamzah
    MyJurnal
    The growing concern over the workers safety and health has lead many factories and organizations do the air monitoring to ensure the airborne at their workplace is safe for the worker’s health and complying the Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 (Act 514). In this study, the monitoring covers an indoor air quality and chemical exposure to the workers in one of the power plant repair shop. A few workers from different sections namely blasting, welding, grinding, fitting and maintenance area were chosen to assist in the personal monitoring for 8 hours measurement. PM10 were measured at a few sampling points to collect dusts for 24 hours duration. The samples were brought back to the laboratory for gravimetric and SEM-EDAX analysis. The results were certainly exceed the limit for air quality, and many elements were detected such as Fe, Ni, Al, Si, Ca, K, Ba, S, Cr, Zn and Cl. The present of these elements shows that exposure to these particulate matters is quite risky and some measure needs to be taken for remedial action.
    Matched MeSH terms: Workplace
  18. Hari Krishnan, T.
    MyJurnal
    Introductions: Call center has been defined as a working environment in which uses telephone and computer for the purpose of marketing and manage communication with prospect clients or existing clients (Rocha, Glina, Morinho and Nakasato, 2005; Sprigg, Smith and Jackson, 2003).
    Methodology: The study was conducted via observation of working condition and face to face interview with call center operators. Measurement of anthropometrics was also conducted.
    Results: Ergonomics issues found at call center were inappropriate work condition and workstation which lead to awkward sitting posture (sitting with forward leaning posture, raised shoulder, feet not supported on floor). Besides that organizational policy which required high job demand and subsequently lead to prolonged sitting and static posture (very minimal posture changes). Combination all these factors lead to musculoskeletal symptoms and the operators reported of having neck, shoulder, upper back and lower back pain compared to other body parts.
    Conclusion: The management should embark on organization wide ergonomics management program and should review the current policy and create safe and healthy working environment by providing suitable workstation for the operators in order to prevent musculoskeletal.
    Matched MeSH terms: Workplace
  19. Shukran Abdul Rahman
    MyJurnal
    Psychology has been well-accepted for application in virtually all aspects of human activities, including making a living. Thus, the objective of this paper is to introduce the application of psychology at workplaces. Specifically this paper addresses the importance of the profession of Industrial and Organizational Psychologist in the increasingly advanced and industrious society of Malaysia. It highlights the areas that the professional cares for, as well as its roles and positions in the view of the nation’s needs. Besides that, this paper also stresses the essential issues that Industrial and Organizational Psychologist practicing in Malaysia should consider. In short, this paper advocates the need of having professionals to look into the well-being of individuals contributing towards making Malaysia a developed nation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Workplace
  20. Jefferelli Shamsul Bahrin, Hanifah Bujang, Nizam Jemoin
    MyJurnal
    There is a high prevalence of chronic diseases in the community. Promoting health at the workplace is an effective measure to manage such diseases. This study shares the findings of country-wide company health screening program. The prevalence of high cholesterol among participants was 29 %, high blood pressure was 8% and high blood sugar was 3%. The prevalence of high cholesterol from workplace screening was higher than the community prevalence but the prevalence of high blood pressure and high blood sugar was lower than the community prevalence. The various factors influencing these findings are discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Workplace
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