Displaying publications 101 - 120 of 532 in total

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  1. Photodentistry - an innovative approach to improving students' empathy and learning experiences in comprehensive patient care
    Ahmad MS, Radhi DSM, Rusle FF, Zul MF, Jalaluddin J, Baharuddin IH
    J Dent Educ, 2020 Nov;84(11):1219-1229.
    PMID: 32645212 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.12295
    OBJECTIVES: Preparing future dental school graduates to provide comprehensive patient care with empathy requires the completion of adequate training in such practice. This study was undertaken to investigate the effectiveness of the Photodentistry learning activity, which uses visual arts, in improving dental students' empathy and learning experience in comprehensive patient care.

    METHODS: All fourth-year undergraduate dental students (n = 69, response rate = 100%) participated in the Photodentistry learning activity developed by specialists from the areas of dentistry, arts, education, and psychology. A survey using the Toronto Empathy Questionnaire (TEQ) was conducted both pretest and posttest, followed by an open-ended written survey of their reflection towards the learning activity. Quantitative data were analyzed via paired t-test (P < 0.05), while qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis.

    RESULTS: There was a significant increase in both students' total mean empathy score and the individual scores for 8 (out of 16) items of the TEQ after the learning activity. Students stated that they had an improved understanding of managing patients in a comprehensive manner (e.g., managing medically compromised patients, performing treatment planning, communication with patients who have special health care needs). Students also reported the development of skills (e.g., observation, critical thinking) and positive attitudes (e.g., empathy, responsibility) towards patients.

    CONCLUSION: Photodentistry is an effective learning approach for improving dental students' empathy and learning experience in comprehensive patient care.

    Matched MeSH terms: Communication
  2. Fulltext Ultralow Profile, Low Passive Intermodulation, and Super-Wideband Ceiling Mount Antennas for Cellular and Public Safety Distributed Antenna Systems
    Ng KJ, Islam MT, Alevy AM, Mansor MF
    Sensors (Basel), 2020 Apr 26;20(9).
    PMID: 32357426 DOI: 10.3390/s20092456
    This paper presents an ultralow profile, low passive intermodulation (PIM), and super-wideband in-building ceiling mount antenna that covers both the cellular and public safety ultra high frequency (UHF) band for distributed antenna system (DAS) applications. The proposed antenna design utilizes a modified 2-D planar discone design concept that is miniaturized to fit into a small disc-shaped radome. The 2-D planar discone has an elliptical-shaped disc monopole and a bell-shaped ground plane, a stub at the shorting path, with asymmetrical structure and an additional proximity coupling patch to maximize the available electrical path to support the 350 MHz band range. The proposed design maximizes the radome area with a reduction of about 62% compared to similar concept type antennas. Besides, the proposed design exhibits an improved radiation pattern with null reduction compared to a typical dipole/monopole when lies at the horizontal plane. A prototype was manufactured to demonstrate the antenna performance. The VSWR and radiation pattern results agreed with the simulated results. The proposed antenna achieves a band ratio of 28.57:1 while covering a frequency range of 350-10,000 MHz. The measured passive intermodulation levels are better than -150 dBc (2 × 20 Watts) for 350, 700 and 1920 MHz bands.
    Matched MeSH terms: Computer Communication Networks
  3. Fulltext Liquid-Based Reconfigurable Antenna Technology: Recent Developments, Challenges and Future
    Abu Bakar H, Abd Rahim R, Soh PJ, Akkaraekthalin P
    Sensors (Basel), 2021 Jan 26;21(3).
    PMID: 33530534 DOI: 10.3390/s21030827
    Advances in reconfigurable liquid-based reconfigurable antennas are enabling new possibilities to fulfil the requirements of more advanced wireless communication systems. In this review, a comparative analysis of various state-of-the-art concepts and techniques for designing reconfigurable antennas using liquid is presented. First, the electrical properties of different liquids at room temperature commonly used in reconfigurable antennas are identified. This is followed by a discussion of various liquid actuation techniques in enabling high frequency reconfigurability. Next, the liquid-based reconfigurable antennas in literature used to achieve the different types of reconfiguration will be critically reviewed. These include frequency-, polarization-, radiation pattern-, and compound reconfigurability. The current concepts of liquid-based reconfigurable antennas can be classified broadly into three basic approaches: altering the physical (and electrical) dimensions of antennas using liquid; applying liquid-based sections as reactive loads; implementation of liquids as dielectric resonators. Each concept and their design approaches will be examined, outlining their benefits, limitations, and possible future improvements.
    Matched MeSH terms: Communication
  4. Fulltext Investigating Master-Slave Architecture for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network
    Jan S, Yafi E, Hafeez A, Khatana HW, Hussain S, Akhtar R, et al.
    Sensors (Basel), 2021 Apr 25;21(9).
    PMID: 33922886 DOI: 10.3390/s21093000
    A significant increase has been observed in the use of Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) over the last few decades. However, there exist several associated challenges with UWSNs, mainly due to the nodes' mobility, increased propagation delay, limited bandwidth, packet duplication, void holes, and Doppler/multi-path effects. To address these challenges, we propose a protocol named "An Efficient Routing Protocol based on Master-Slave Architecture for Underwater Wireless Sensor Network (ERPMSA-UWSN)" that significantly contributes to optimizing energy consumption and data packet's long-term survival. We adopt an innovative approach based on the master-slave architecture, which results in limiting the forwarders of the data packet by restricting the transmission through master nodes only. In this protocol, we suppress nodes from data packet reception except the master nodes. We perform extensive simulation and demonstrate that our proposed protocol is delay-tolerant and energy-efficient. We achieve an improvement of 13% on energy tax and 4.8% on Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), over the state-of-the-art protocol.
    Matched MeSH terms: Computer Communication Networks
  5. Fulltext LoRa Communications as an Enabler for Internet of Drones towards Large-Scale Livestock Monitoring in Rural Farms
    Behjati M, Mohd Noh AB, Alobaidy HAH, Zulkifley MA, Nordin R, Abdullah NF
    Sensors (Basel), 2021 Jul 26;21(15).
    PMID: 34372281 DOI: 10.3390/s21155044
    Currently, smart farming is considered an effective solution to enhance the productivity of farms; thereby, it has recently received broad interest from service providers to offer a wide range of applications, from pest identification to asset monitoring. Although the emergence of digital technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and low-power wide-area networks (LPWANs), has led to significant advances in the smart farming industry, farming operations still need more efficient solutions. On the other hand, the utilization of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), also known as drones, is growing rapidly across many civil application domains. This paper aims to develop a farm monitoring system that incorporates UAV, LPWAN, and IoT technologies to transform the current farm management approach and aid farmers in obtaining actionable data from their farm operations. In this regard, an IoT-based water quality monitoring system was developed because water is an essential aspect in livestock development. Then, based on the Long-Range Wide-Area Network (LoRaWAN®) technology, a multi-channel LoRaWAN® gateway was developed and integrated into a vertical takeoff and landing drone to convey collected data from the sensors to the cloud for further analysis. In addition, to develop LoRaWAN®-based aerial communication, a series of measurements and simulations were performed under different configurations and scenarios. Finally, to enhance the efficiency of aerial-based data collection, the UAV path planning was optimized. Measurement results showed that the maximum achievable LoRa coverage when operating on-air via the drone is about 10 km, and the Longley-Rice irregular terrain model provides the most suitable path loss model for the scenario of large-scale farms, and a multi-channel gateway with a spreading factor of 12 provides the most reliable communication link at a high drone speed (up to 95 km/h). Simulation results showed that the developed system can overcome the coverage limitation of LoRaWAN® and it can establish a reliable communication link over large-scale wireless sensor networks. In addition, it was shown that by optimizing flight paths, aerial data collection could be performed in a much shorter time than industrial mission planning (up to four times in our case).
    Matched MeSH terms: Communication
  6. Fulltext Skills and Technology in Producing Capable and Productive Work Force
    AKMAL NOR WAJIHAH BINTI AHMAD
    Trends in Undergraduate Research, 2018;1(1):0-0.
    MyJurnal
    Technology is a tool that influences today’s lifestyle especially in the employment sector. The use of technology in employment may help in increasing the worker’s appraisal. The efficiency can be measured based on the increase of the productivity and the acceptance in using this system to help in upgrading the quality of the product output. It also assists in communication, increasing the worker’s integrity, productivity and the spread of information.
    Matched MeSH terms: Communication
  7. Fulltext Advertising appeals and cultural values of video advertising in Thailand
    Cheryl, Shee Yu Peh, Norazirah, Ayob
    Trends in Undergraduate Research, 2020;3(1):1-8.
    MyJurnal
    In recent years, Thailand videos advertising is generally known as the leading producer of weep-worthy viral videos in the world. Reasons for Thailand advertisements to stand out from the rest is said to be because of its commonly used advertising appeals, and cultural values focused in majority of Thailand advertisements. This research aims to study advertising appeals and cultural values in Thailand video advertisements. Specifically, the research investigates the reflection of cultural value through advertising appeal through the executional framework in Thailand video advertisements. This exploratory research employs primarily the method of ethnography in order to understand how cultural values are reflected through the advertising appeals in video advertisements from Thailand. The result shows that the most commonly used advertising appeal are Family Appeal, followed by Health Appeal and Effective Appeal. In terms of cultural values, the result shows the Thailand’s advertisements are skewed slightly higher towards collectivism and femininity. Majority of the Thailand video advertisements are using executional framework of storytelling.
    Matched MeSH terms: Communication; Communications Media
  8. Fulltext Inter-professional ethical values in Iranian aged care: a qualitative study
    Hosseinabadi R, Abolfathi Momtaz Y, Mohammdi Shahboulaghi F, Abbaszadeh A, Ali Akbari Kamrani A, Pournia Y
    Med Glas (Zenica), 2020 Feb 01;17(1):206-215.
    PMID: 31432658 DOI: 10.17392/1049-20
    Aim Ethical values are the basis of the behaviour and performance of professional care staff. This study aimed to identify inter-professional ethical values in aged care. Methods This qualitative thematic content analysis study was conducted in Khorramabad, Iran, from September 2018 to June 2109, and 36 core members of the aged care team (including 24 nurses, 5 physicians, 3 physiotherapists, and 4 social workers) were selected through the purposive sampling method and interviewed in depth. The data were analysed using the directed content analysis and the method of Zhang and Wildemuth. Results Four main themes of providing professional care, preserving the integrity of the aged, observing the dignity of the aged, establishing human relationship, along with 21 subthemes were extracted as ethical values in aged care. Conclusion The results of this study indicate that providing ethical aged care is influenced by the specific conditions of this age group. In addition to general ethical values such as providing professional care, providing ethical aged care is based on ethical values such as promoting social interaction, promoting peace and comfort, preserving and promoting independence, and autonomy in aged care. Promoting collaborative care and paying more attention to the human dimensions of communication and interaction were other emphasized values.
    Matched MeSH terms: Communication
  9. Malaysian teachers' experience using augmentative and alternative communication with students
    Joginder Singh S, Diong ZZ, Mustaffa Kamal R
    Augment Altern Commun, 2020 06;36(2):107-117.
    PMID: 32706287 DOI: 10.1080/07434618.2020.1785547
    Teachers play an important role in the successful implementation of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) for students with complex communication needs. The goal of this two-phase, mixed-methods study was to explore Malaysian teachers' use of, experience with, and perceptions about AAC. Phase 1 involved 252 teachers who completed a questionnaire that was aimed at collecting nationwide data about their use and overall perceptions of AAC. Phase 2 involved semi-structured interviews with 13 teachers who had experience supporting students who used AAC. Approximately half of the participants who completed the questionnaire knew about AAC and had used AAC with their students. Almost all of the participants had positive views of AAC though some misconceptions were reported. Most participants had limited knowledge about AAC that led them to experience difficulties supporting their students. Teachers were motivated to receive AAC-related training to enable them to use AAC more successfully with their students given the small number of SLPs in the country.
    Matched MeSH terms: Communication Aids for Disabled*; Communication Disorders*
  10. Fulltext Association Between Public Opinion and Malaysian Government Communication Strategies About the COVID-19 Crisis: Content Analysis of Image Repair Strategies in Social Media
    Masngut N, Mohamad E
    J Med Internet Res, 2021 08 04;23(8):e28074.
    PMID: 34156967 DOI: 10.2196/28074
    BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 health crisis has posed an unprecedented challenge for governments worldwide to manage and communicate about the pandemic effectively, while maintaining public trust. Good leadership image in times of a health emergency is paramount to ensure public confidence in governments' abilities to manage the crisis.

    OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to identify types of image repair strategies utilized by the Malaysian government in their communication about COVID-19 in the media and analyze public responses to these messages on social media.

    METHODS: Content analysis was employed to analyze 120 media statements and 382 comments retrieved from Facebook pages of 2 mainstream newspapers-Berita Harian and The Star. These media statements and comments were collected within a span of 6 weeks prior to and during the first implementation of Movement Control Order by the Malaysian Government. The media statements were analyzed according to Image Repair Theory to categorize strategies employed in government communications related to COVID-19 crisis. Public opinion responses were measured using modified lexicon-based sentiment analysis to categorize positive, negative, and neutral statements.

    RESULTS: The Malaysian government employed all 5 Image Repair Theory strategies in their communications in both newspapers. The strategy most utilized was reducing offensiveness (75/120, 62.5%), followed by corrective action (30/120, 25.0%), evading responsibilities (10/120, 8.3%), denial (4/120, 3.3%), and mortification (1/120, 0.8%). This study also found multiple substrategies in government media statements including denial, shifting blame, provocation, defeasibility, accident, good intention, bolstering, minimization, differentiation, transcendence, attacking accuser, resolve problem, prevent recurrence, admit wrongdoing, and apologize. This study also found that 64.7% of public opinion was positive in response to media statements made by the Malaysian government and also revealed a significant positive association (P=.04) between image repair strategies utilized by the Malaysian government and public opinion.

    CONCLUSIONS: Communication in the media may assist the government in fostering positive support from the public. Suitable image repair strategies could garner positive public responses and help build trust in times of crisis.

    Matched MeSH terms: Communication
  11. Dynamic normalization of microtexts using SPMAT
    Norlela Samsudin, Mazidah Puteh, Ahmad Nazmi Fadzal, Mohd Tajul Hasnan Mohd Tajuddin
    CREAM : Current Research in Malaysia (Penyelidikan Terkini di Malaysia), 2013;2(2):101-113.
    MyJurnal
    The advancement in communication and Internet technology leads to mass of online data available on the Internet. People communicate to each other with application such as Facebook, Twitter, Short Message Service and e-forum. Entries or posts from these applications are known as microtexts. Normally a microtext is very short, very noisy and does not follow the correct structure of a sentence either in the English language or the Malay language. High occurrence of noisy texts decreases the accuracy value when microtexts are processed. This paper proposes a prototype of a system known as Sistem Penterjemahan Mesej Atas Talian (SPMAT). The objective of the system is to 'clean' noisy texts in microtexts that are created online by the Malaysian. 5000 Facebook messages, 5000 Twitter messages and 5000 e-forum messages were collected. From these sources, few lists such as common noisy texts list, common acronyms list artificial abbreviations list and Bi-gram index were created and used in the normalization processed. In addition, the system kept messages that it normalized and updated the corpus when instructed by the user. The methods used in SPMAT had been tested with 100 online messages. The result indicated that 80% of the noisy texts incorporated in these messages had been identified and cleaned correctly.
    Matched MeSH terms: Communication
  12. Reflections of Malaysian parents of children with developmental disabilities on their experiences with AAC
    Joginder Singh S, Hussein NH, Mustaffa Kamal R, Hassan FH
    Augment Altern Commun, 2017 Jun;33(2):110-120.
    PMID: 28387140 DOI: 10.1080/07434618.2017.1309457
    Parents play an important role in the successful implementation of AAC. Previous research has indicated that parents in different countries have varying perceptions about the use of AAC and face different challenges in its implementation. To date, there is limited information about the use of AAC by children in Malaysia or parents' views about its use. The aim of this study was to explore Malaysian parents' perception of AAC and their experience when supporting their children who use AAC. For this study, 12 parents of children with autism spectrum disorder and cerebral palsy were involved in semi-structured individual interviews. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze interview data. Following analysis, three themes were identified: (a) impact of the use of AAC, (b) challenges faced, and (c) hopes and expectations. Participants reported that the use of AAC had a positive impact on their children, but that they faced challenges related to the child, the settings, and the system itself, as well as a lack of time and support. Findings from this study provide an insight for Malaysian speech therapists about the challenges faced by parents when supporting their children who use AAC, and how important it is to overcome these challenges to ensure successful implementation of AAC.
    Matched MeSH terms: Communication Aids for Disabled*; Communication Disorders/rehabilitation*
  13. Fulltext Sidelobe reduction and capacity improvement of open-loop collaborative beamforming in wireless sensor networks
    Jayaprakasam S, Abdul Rahim SK, Leow CY, Ting TO
    PLoS One, 2017;12(5):e0175510.
    PMID: 28464000 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175510
    Collaborative beamforming (CBF) with a finite number of collaborating nodes (CNs) produces sidelobes that are highly dependent on the collaborating nodes' locations. The sidelobes cause interference and affect the communication rate of unintended receivers located within the transmission range. Nulling is not possible in an open-loop CBF since the collaborating nodes are unable to receive feedback from the receivers. Hence, the overall sidelobe reduction is required to avoid interference in the directions of the unintended receivers. However, the impact of sidelobe reduction on the capacity improvement at the unintended receiver has never been reported in previous works. In this paper, the effect of peak sidelobe (PSL) reduction in CBF on the capacity of an unintended receiver is analyzed. Three meta-heuristic optimization methods are applied to perform PSL minimization, namely genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm algorithm (PSO) and a simplified version of the PSO called the weightless swarm algorithm (WSA). An average reduction of 20 dB in PSL alongside 162% capacity improvement is achieved in the worst case scenario with the WSA optimization. It is discovered that the PSL minimization in the CBF provides capacity improvement at an unintended receiver only if the CBF cluster is small and dense.
    Matched MeSH terms: Communication
  14. Fulltext The relationship between effective communication and construction risk management among Kuantan Malaysian construction industries
    Nur Fazlina Abdul Rahman, Adekunle Qudus Adeleke
    Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology, 2018;10(1):18-24.
    MyJurnal
    In this paper, the influence of effective communication in construction risk
    management among Kuantan Malaysian construction industries was assessed. Then a
    survey was conducted on pilot test among 10 local construction industries in Kuantan
    Malaysian, using stratified random sampling, out of which 10 questionnaires were
    collected for data analysis. Methodologically, this research is perhaps the first to
    study the influence of effective communication on construction risk management
    among Kuantan Malaysian construction industries. Using the five point Likert scale
    categories of risk management from previous studies. Pearson Correlation anaylysis
    output results affirmed that there is a strong positive relationship between effective
    communication and construction risk management among Kuantan construction
    industries.
    Matched MeSH terms: Communication
  15. Fulltext Advocating collaborative teaching and learning in dentistry
    Mas Suryalis Ahmad
    Malaysian Dental Journal, 2016;39(1):1-8.
    MyJurnal
    Collaborative teaching is an educational approach that seeks to involve participation of teachers and learners in achieving learning goals and outcomes in an interactive manner (1). Such approach has been effective in equipping students with knowledge and/or skills via high levels of learning, while allowing interpersonal development such as teamwork, time management, as well as communication and written competencies (2, 3). (Copied from article)
    Matched MeSH terms: Communication
  16. Fulltext A microwave low noise amplifier for long term evolution (LTE) application
    Abu Bakar Ibrahim, Ashardi Abas
    Journal of Engineering and Science Research, 2017;1(2):203-208.
    MyJurnal
    Wireless communication is a technology that plays an important role in current technology transformation. wireless communication is a method of telecommunication that are available for transmitting large amounts of data, voice and video over long distance using different frequencies. Specifically, Low Noise Amplifier which is located at the first block of receiver system, makes it one of the important element in improving signal transmission. This study was aimed to design a microwave Low Noise Amplifier for Long Term Evolution (LTE) application that will work at 5.8 GHz using high-performance low noise superHEMT transistor FHX76LP manufactured by Eudyna Technologies. The low noise amplifier (LNA) produced gain of 17.2 dB and noise figure (NF) of 0.914 dB. The input reflection (S11) and output return loss (S22) are -17.8 dB and -19.6 dB respectively. The bandwidth of the amplifier recorded is 1.2 GHz. The input sensitivity is compliant with the Long Term Evolution (LTE) standards.
    Matched MeSH terms: Communication; Telecommunications
  17. Fulltext The relationship between management practices and safety
    Siew, Lee Cheng, Florianna Lendai Michael, Hana, Hamidi, Siti Mariam, Abdullah
    Journal of Cognitive Sciences & Human Development, 2018;4(1):15-27.
    MyJurnal
    Work-related accidents is a controversial topic in Malaysia as evidenced by the increased number of occupational accidents throughout the years. The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between management practices and safety performance in an or-ganization. The four management practices investigated are (a) training, (b) management commitment, (c) communication and feedback, and (d) employee involvement. The most effective safety practice is also identified. The data was collected at a manufacturing com-pany located in Shah Alam, Malaysia using closed-ended questionnaire. 95 respondents from the production line were involved in this study. The result found that training had a very weak relationship to the safety performance while the management commitment, as well as the communication and feedback, revealed to have a weak impact on safety perfor-mance. On the other hand, the analysis showed that employee involvement is the most ef-fective safety practice to the safety performance, as it had a moderate impact on safety per-formance.
    Matched MeSH terms: Communication
  18. Fulltext Measuring expected participation in project knowledge: analysing communication patterns in social messaging application using GUSC Model
    Shahrinaz Ismail, Nordiana Jamaludin
    Journal of Advanced Research Design, 2018;47(1):1-16.
    MyJurnal
    The advancement of technology has allowed a variety of tools for employees and
    managers, or knowledge workers, to choose as communication tools, especially for
    managing project teams. Instead of communicating and updating project progress
    through emails and short messaging system, social messaging (SM) applications, such
    as WhatsAppTM, are the current daily choice among them. The over-utilisation of the
    SM applications has given an opportunity for a research on project knowledge
    retention within project team, since it becomes an addiction to create new groups each
    time a new project team is formed. It is believed that project knowledge resides within
    these virtual groups, and this paper looks into how project knowledge is managed by
    analysing the communication patterns against a measurement metrics based on
    personal knowledge management (PKM) theory called GUSC Model. The
    communication patterns found existed in the SM application are qualitatively
    identified and mapped against the PKM processes within, with weighted score
    assigned to each process to quantitatively measure the overall project knowledge
    management participation. The differences among the organisational communication
    levels, namely upper and lower level communication levels, are analysed and the final
    result of participation expectation on member of SM application groups is presented.
    The outcome of this research recommends the future intervention on SM application
    usage and the application of knowledge management concept in current
    communication tool.
    Matched MeSH terms: Communication
  19. Fulltext Social media as an e-health communication channel: the use of (@MedTweetMYHQ) among students of UiTM Melaka
    Wan Azfarozza Wan Athmar, Nur Azmina Ghazali, Muhammad Saiful Adli Mohd Nasir, Anis Athirah Zuhaizar, Farahani Mohd Asli
    Journal of Academia Universiti Teknologi MARA Negeri Sembilan, 2018;6(1):129-138.
    MyJurnal
    Social media are now acknowledged as one of the platforms for engaging e-health that contributing to serious discussion and information regarding on medical and health issues. However, there are challenges and risks associated with social media in medical and health care which is misinformation. Misinformation can spread quickly on Twitter and each retweet is exposing to wider audiences. The aim of this paper is to identify the use of @MedTweetMYHQ among its’ users sepcifically among UiTM Melaka students. The researchers used in-depth interviews to five informants based on purposive sampling. The data was analysed using thematic analysis. Four themes emerged from the analysis which are the use of @MedTweetMYHQ to receive updated useful information on health, to share information on healthy lifestyle, to debunk health myths and as a platform for health discussions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Communication
  20. Fulltext Malaysian government initiative of information communication technology to disabled people
    Nur Ajrun Khalid, Rohana Yusof
    Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2017;2(3):9-15.
    MyJurnal
    Information Communication Technology (ICT) is important to measure the development of the nation
    and the people. Malaysia as a democratic nation has to deliver equal services to the people without any
    boundaries and discrimination. Nowadays, knowledge of Information Communication Technology is
    crucial and become one of the measurement tools to maximize work and task. Failure to catch up ICT
    movement will cause digital divide, which is the phenomenon of gap exists between people who have
    access to ICT and who did not have access. This paper aims to determine the government initiative in
    terms of policy, law and regulations, infrastructure, support organization and training, whether it is
    appropriate or inappropriate with the needs of disabled people.
    Matched MeSH terms: Communication
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