Displaying publications 81 - 100 of 622 in total

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  1. Yap, C.K., Pang, B.H.
    MyJurnal
    Surface sediments were collected from the north western intertidal area (14 sites), drainage (3 sites), and rivers (3 sites) of Peninsular Malaysia in April 2005. The samples were analyzed for their concentrations of Cd, Ni, and Zn. The ranges for the total concentrations (µg/g dry weight) of Cd, Ni, and Zn were found to be 0.79-2.48, 6.46-73.92, and 33.6-484.14, respectively. Factory drainage site at Juru exceeded the established sediment quality values (Effect Range Median-ERM) for Zn and Ni, while the concentrations of Zn were also found to have exceeded the ERM at drainages at Kuala Kurau Town and Sg. Juru sites. The geochemical study, based on the sequential extraction technique on the sediments, revealed that the metal percentages of non-resistant fractions of the drainage at Kuala Kurau Town (drainage), Sg. Juru (river), Kuala Juru (intertidal), and factory drainage site at Juru were higher than the resistant fractions of the metals. These indicated that the sites (intertidal, river, and drainages) received anthropogenic inputs of these metals. Therefore, the point source of anthropogenic input in these sites should be given attention in future in order to mitigate the environmental problem on the living resources in the north western of Peninsular Malaysia. The present monitoring data are useful for future establishment of sediment quality guideline for Malaysian aquatic environment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc
  2. Malek, M.F., Mamat, M.H., Ismail, A.S., Mohamed, R., Salifairus, M.J., Khusaimi, Z., et al.
    Science Letters, 2016;11(2):36-40.
    MyJurnal
    We had successfully synthesised Mg-doped zinc oxide (MZO) and Cudoped zinc oxide (CZO) nanorod arrays (NRAs) on Al-doped ZnO (ZAO)-coated glass substrates using immersion method and investigated their structural properties. With the incorporation of the Mg dopant, the length and crystallinity of MZO NRAs is higher compared to that of the CZO NRAs. The average optical transmittance of MZO NRAs was slightly lower than that of the CZO NRAs over the visible wavelength region. With the incorporation of the Cu dopant, the morphology of the CZO sample was slightly different from that of the MZO NRAs. The CZO NRAs present granular with small sphere shape. On the other hand, the MZO NRAs exhibit a hexagonal shape structure with a flat-top facet. Rods with a diameter of 58.9-96.7 nm were uniformly grown on the ZAO-coated glass substrate. This paper presents the growth behaviors of the MZO and CZO NRAs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc Oxide
  3. Yusop Ahmad, Nur Haziyanti Mohamad Khalid, Trevor Glen Philip
    MyJurnal
    This study aimed to test the effect of modality imagery training via video tapes and audio tapes to improve the performance of overhead service skills in volleyball. 45 subjects who followed the volleyball professional course in Sultan Idris University of Education (UPSI) were selected for this test and they were randomly divided into three groups: video, audio group and control group. Russel-Lange Volleyball Test was used to obtain data on the overhead service performance. The results showed significant differences in overhead service performance before and after participants were exposed to the methods of video and audio tapes. There were also significant differences in overhead service performance among the video, audio, and control group. The study should that the introduction of audio and video imagery method may helps improve the overhead service skills performance in volley ball.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc Oxide
  4. Ahmad Mustapha, Gandaseca, Seca, Ahmad Hanafi, Siti Nurhidayu, Mohammad Roslan, Khan, Waseem, et al.
    MyJurnal
    The objectives of this review are to determine the types of indices to use, to assess the current sediment quality index (SQI) of a mangrove forest and to select the appropriate index to describe the mangrove sediment quality index. Amongst the many indices considered in this review are the enrichment factors (EFs), the geo-accumulation index (Igeo), the pollution load index (PLI), the marine sediment pollution index (MSPI) and sediment quality index (SQI). The different indices give diverse perspectives of the status of mangrove sediment quality. This review also highlights the appropriate parameters that need to be used in assessing sediment quality, such as the physical, chemical and biological properties. As the comparison review, the sediment quality can be utilized for Mangrove quality index (MQI) development like to assess the heavy metal, complete laboratory parameters and a classification following the Interim Sediment Quality Guidelines ISQG, PCA and HACA. For the heavy metal content of sediment, the suggested parameters are Pb, Zn, Cu, Co and Mn. Lastly, for the indices, the enrichment factor (EFs), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), pollution load index (PLI) and marine sediment pollution index (MPSI) are used in develop SQI on mangrove forest.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc
  5. Wu M, Chang B, Lim TT, Oh WD, Lei J, Mi J
    J Hazard Mater, 2018 Oct 15;360:391-401.
    PMID: 30130697 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.08.015
    The Zn-Al mixed metal oxide (ZnAl-MMO) with a plate-like structure was derived from Zn-Al layered double hydroxide. The ZnAl-MMO with a Zn/Al molar ratio of 3:1 exhibits superior absorption ability for H2S in a simulated coal gas at 600 ℃ due to the special structure of the ZnAl-MMO. Besides ZnS, elemental sulfur is also produced during the desulfurization process. The deactivation model could well simulate the absorption behavior of H2S. The sulfidation reaction over the sorbent shows large initial reaction rate constants (1110-5390 m3 min-1  kg-1) and low activation energy (29.5 kJ mol-1). The regeneration rate of the used sorbent can reach 99.8% under the optimum conditions. The regenerated sorbents still show high sulfur capacity (ca. 30%), implying its great application potential for industrial-scale desulfurization of the hot coal gas.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc
  6. Al-Hardan N, Abdullah M, Abdul Aziz A, Ahmad H
    Sains Malaysiana, 2011;40:1123-1127.
    A ZnO gas sensor was successfully prepared by RF sputtering. The maximum sensitivity of the sensor for vinegar test application was at 400oC. The ZnO based sensor showed good sensitivity for vinegar test in the concentration range of 4% to 9%. The work reveals the ability of using ZnO gas sensor to determine the acid concentrations of the vinegars for food requirements.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc Oxide
  7. Murtadha S. Al-Nafiey, Mohammad S. Jaafar, Sabar Bauk
    Sains Malaysiana, 2014;43(2):227-231.
    Radon and toxic elements (Pb, Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Zn and Ni) were measured in different water samples in Cameron Highlands, Pahang. RAD7 and rad H20 were used to estimate the radon concentration. The average values for radon concentration were found to vary from a minimum of 0.21 Bq/L to a maximum of 0.297 Bq/L. Heavy metals concentration were measured using an atomic absorption spectrometer. The mean concentrations of Pb, Cd, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Cr were 0.07, 0.009, 0.009, 0.043, 0.076, 0.079 mg/L and ND, respectively. Comparing the results with the literature, shows that the concentrations obtained were within the allowed limits of the agricultural and domestic use.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc
  8. Ahmad Mahir Razali, Khairiah Jusoh, Nor Asyikin A, Siti Adyani S, Wardatun Aathirah M, Maimon Abdullah, et al.
    Kajian yang dijalankan adalah berkaitan dengan penentuan model yang sesuai serta analisis data penyerapan logam berat oleh sayuran berdaun yang terpilih iaitu kangkung (Ipomea aquatica), sawi bunga (Brassica chinensis var parachinensis), bayam (Amaranthus oleraceus L) dan sawi putih (Brassica chinensis L.). Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan dan membandingkan kandungan serta corak pengambilan logam berat yang diserap oleh sayuran dan juga bahagian-bahagiannya yang meliputi daun, batang dan akar. Penentuan model yang dibuat bertujuan bagi melihat corak penyerapan logam berat oleh sayuran atau bahagian sayuran tertentu. Logam berat yang dikaji terdiri daripada kadmium , kromium, kuprum, ferum , mangan, plumbum dan zink. Plot serakan digunakan bagi menentukan corak pengambilan logam berat dalam sayuran dan bahagian-bahagiannya. Selain itu ujian Kruskal-Wallis digunakan bagi membuat perbandingan median di antara logam berat yang diserap oleh sayuran yang dikaji. Nilai khi-kuasa dua dan juga nilai-p digunakan bagi menentukan sama ada sesuatu logam berat yang diserap itu berkait rapat dengan jenis sayuran secara signifikan. Secara umum bolehlah dikatakan bahawa logam Fe, Mn dan Zn adalah dominan dalam semua bahagian sayuran yang dikaji. Selain itu, melalui ujian Kruskal-Wallis didapati penyerapan kesemua logam berat pada setiap bahagian sayuran adalah berbeza secara signifikan. Penyuaian model regresi linear, kuadratik, kubik atau eksponen telah dilakukan terhadap data ini dan didapati kebanyakan data dapat disuaikan dengan baik oleh model kuadratik dan kubik berdasarkan nilai pekali penentuan (R2).
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc
  9. Sahibin Abd. Rahim, Tukimat Lihan, Baba Musta, Adong Laming, Zulfahmi Ali Rahman, Wan Mohd. Razi Idris, et al.
    Kandungan logam-logam berat Pb, Zn, Ni, Co dan Cd pada empat bahagian tumbuhan Nepenthes sp. (akar, batang, daun dan periuk) serta substrat tanih yang menyokong pertumbuhannya dari kawasan bekas lombong bijih timah dan besi di Lombong Pelepah Kanan, Kota Tinggi, Johor telah ditentukan. Komposisi logam-logam berat dalam sampel tanih diekstrak menggunakan campuran asid nitrik pekat dan asid perklorik. Pengekstrakan logam berat dalam tumbuhan pula dilakukan menggunakan kaedah penghadaman basah. Kandungan logam berat di dalam ekstrak larutan tanih dan tumbuhan ditentukan menggunakan Spektrofotometer Penyerapan Atom kaedah nyalaan (FAAS-model Perkin Elmer 3300). Nilai koefisien Penyerapan Biologi (BAC) yang merupakan nisbah kandungan logam berat dalam tumbuhan kepada kandungan logam berat dalam tanih ditentukan secara kiraan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa tanih di kawasan kajian adalah berasid dan didominasi oleh pasir. Kandungan bahan organik dan kepekatan garam dalam tanih pula adalah rendah, manakala nilai pH adalah berasid. Logam Zn (698.5 mg/kg) menunjukkan kepekatan yang tinggi di dalam substrat tanih diikuti oleh logam Co (182.9 mg/kg), Pb (58.2 mg/kg), Ni (12.2 mg/kg) dan Cd (2.09 mg/kg). Kepekatan logam berat di dalam tumbuhan mengikut kepekatan menurun adalah Ni>Co>Cd>Pb>Zn. Kepekatan logam di dalam bahagian-bahagian tumbuhan tidak menunjukkan perbezaan signifikan bagi semua logam. Tumbuhan Nepenthes sp. didapati menumpukkan logam Ni dalam kepekatan yang tinggi sebagaimana yang ditunjukkan nilai BACnya yang tinggi. Tumbuhan ini mungkin boleh digunakan sebagai bio-penunjuk bagi kehadiran Ni dalam kepekatan yang tinggi di dalam tanih.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc
  10. Sahibin Abdul Rahim
    A preliminary study on the concentration and distribution of heavy metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) was carried out for the whole of Ranau District. Topsoil samples (0-15 cm depth) were collected randomly in accordance with the distribution of soil associations in the area. It was found that only three of the heavy metals (Ni, Cr, and Cu) were present above the threshold of toxicity level, whilst the others were below this level. These higher levels of heavy metal concentration were most likely associated with the mining activities in the headwater of the study area and also to the occurrence of serpentinite parent material. The area affected is confined only to the northern part of the study area.
    Kajian awal bagi menentukan taburan dan kepekatan logam-logam berat (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb dan Zn) telah dijalankan bagi seluruh daerah Ranau. Sample tanah atas (kedalaman 0-15 cm) telah dikutip secara rawak bergantung kepada taburan asosiasi tanah di kawasan tersebut. Didapati bahawa hanya tiga daripada logam berat ini (Ni, Cr dan Cu) melebihi had keracunan, sementara yang lain berada di bawah paras keracunan. Kepekatan logam berat yang tinggi di dalam sampel kajian' dapat dikaitkan dengan aktiviti pelombongan tembaga di kawasan punca air dan juga dengan batuan serpentinit yang menjadi bahan induk tanah. Kawasan yang terlibat terhad di bahagian utara kawasan kajian sahaja.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc
  11. Ahmad Nazlin Yusoff, Mustaffa Hj. Abdullah, Sahrin Hj. Ahmab, Ng L
    Sampels of Mnx-zMgzZn1-xFe2O4 ferrites, with x = 0.5, 0 < z < 0.5; x = 0.6, 0 < z 0.6 and x = 0.7, 0 < z < 0.7, were prepared by solid state reaction. For all samples, magnetization as a function of applied magnetic field was measured at room temperature (TR) and several temperatures above TR but below the Neel temperature (TN); while magnetic hysteresis was obtained at TR and 373 K using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Electrical resistivity at TR was measured by a two terminal method. The three series of Mn-Mg-Zn ferrite indicate a maximum ,agnetization at certain substitution of Mg. TN increased with the increase of Mg content while resistivity varied in the opposite manner. The variation of magnetization is interpreted as due to Mg started to replace the Mn at the tetrahedral sites (A) so that the resultant magnetic moment increased. However further substitution occurred at the octahedral sites (B), thus lowering the magnetic moment. A small coercivity indicates that the samples are soft ferrites with a small energy loss. A reduction in the electrical resistivity with Mg content probably due to an increase in the mobility of charge hopping between the Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions and also between Mn2+ and Mn3+ ions.
    Sampel ferit Mnx-zMgzZn1-xFe2O4 dengan x = 0.5, 0 < z < 0.5; x = 0.6, 0 < z 0.6 dan x = 0.7, 0 < z < 0.7, disediakan dengan tindak balas keadaan pepejal. Pengukuran pemagnetan sebagai fungsi medan magnet dilakukan pada suhu bilik (TR) dan suhu-suhu yang lebih tinggi tetapi di bawah suhu Neel bilik (TR) dan suhu-suhu yang lebih tinggi tetapi di bawah suhu Neel (TN) serta histerisis magnet pada suhu bilik dan 373 K diperolehi untuk semua sampel menggunakan magnetometer sampel bergetar (VSM). Kerintangan elektrik pada suhu bilik diperolehi dengan kaedah dua terminal. Ketiga-tiga siri ferit Mn-Mg-Zn itu masing-masing menunjukkan suatu pemagnetan maksimum pada suatu kadar penggantian Mn oleh Mg. TN meningkat dengan kandungan Mg tetapi kerintangan elektrik berubah sebaliknya. Perubahan pemagnetan seperti yang tersebut disebabkan Mg mula menggantikan Mn pada tapak tetrahedron (A) menyebabkan momen magnet paduan meningkat. Penambahan Mg seterusnya menyebabkan Mn pada tapak oktahedron pula diganti, sehingga momen magnet paduan mengurang. Koersiviti yang kecil menunjukkan sampel bersifat magnet lembut dengan kehilangan tenaga yang sangat kecil. Pengurangan kerintangan dengan penambahan Mg mungkin disebabkan oleh peningkatan kelincahan pembawa cas yang melompat di antara ion-ion Fe2+ dan Fe3+ dan juga di antara Mn2+ dan Mn3+.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc
  12. Sahibin Abd. Rahim, Zulfahmi Ali Rahman, Wan Mohd Razi Idris, Azman Hashim, Tukimat Lihan, Muhd Barzani Gasim, et al.
    Kajian kandungan logam berat Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, Pb, dan Zn telah dilakukan ke atas tumbuhan Arundina graminifolia daripada kawasan Lombong Pelepah Kanan, Kota Tinggi, Johor. Kandungan logam berat yang sama turut ditentukan ke atas substrata tanih di tempat di mana tumbuhan itu diambil. Kandungan logam berat dalam tiga bahagian tumbuhan iaitu akar, batang dan daun telah diekstrak secara penghadaman basah manakala kandungan logam berat tersedia dan resistan dalam tanih diekstrak dengan kaedah pengekstrakan berjujukan. Kandungan logam berat jumlah didapati dengan menjumlahkan logam berat tersedia dengan logam berat resistant. Kandungan logam berat di dalam larutan ekstrak tanih dan tumbuhan ditentukan menggunakan Spektrofotometer Serapan Atom Nyalaan. Kandungan logam berat Cd, Cr, Ni dan Pb adalah setara kandungannya dalam semua bahagian tumbuhan manakala kepekatan Co dan Zn adalah tiga hingga lima kali lebih tinggi berbanding tumbuhan kawalan. Bagi kandungan logam berat di dalam bahagian tumbuhan yang berbeza didapati kepekatan Cd adalah lebih tinggi dalam akar (2.03 mg/kg) diikuti oleh daun (1.67 mg/kg) dan batang (1.49 mg/kg). Kepekatan Co adalah lebih tinggi dalam daun (9.26 mg/kg) diikuti oleh akar (9.18 mg/kg) dan batang (6.94 mg/kg). Kepekatan Cr mengikut susunan menurun adalah akar (0.46 mg/kg) > daun (0.19 mg/kg) > batang (0.08 mg/kg). Kepekatan Ni adalah lebih tinggi dalam daun (2.78 mg/kg) diikuti oleh akar (2.71 mg/kg) dan batang (1.66 mg/kg). Kepekatan Pb mengikut susunan menurun adalah akar (10.34 mg/kg) > daun (4.18 mg/kg) > batang (3.75 mg/kg). Kepekatan Zn lebih tinggi dalam daun (44.03 mg/kg) diikuti oleh akar (32.30 mg/kg) dan batang (13.21 mg/kg). Kandungan logam berat jumlah dalam tanih adalah masing-masing 2.07-5.59 mg/kg, 8.72-39.93 mg/kg, 1.81-2.14 mg/kg, 2.66-6.87 mg/kg, 23.02-51.56 mg/kg and 0.64-2.61 mg/kg bagi Ni, Zn, Cd, Pb, Co dan Cr. Didapati bahawa kandungan fraksi tersedia dalam tanih adalah 21.9% bagi Ni, 15.3% bagi Zn, 49.9% bagi Cd, 19.3% bagi Pb, 45.7% bagi Co and 0% bagi Cr. Koefisien penyerapan biologi tumbuhan ke atas logam berat yang dikaji adalah rendah keculai bagi Zn yang nilainya lebih daripada 1. Tumbuhan ini tidak sesuai digunakan sebagai agen fitoremediasi untuk logam-logam di atas.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc
  13. Muhammad Abbas Ahmad Zaini, Tan Wee Meng, Mohd. Johari Kamaruddin, Siti Hamidah Mohd Setapar, Mohd. Azizi Che Yunus
    Sains Malaysiana, 2014;43:1421-1428.
    This work is aimed to determine the characteristics of activated carbons derived from palm kernel shell (PKS) by microwave-induced zinc chloride activation for dye removal. Activation was performed in a microwave oven at power intensity of 70% for 10 min. The same procedures were repeated for activation using recycled ZnCl2 solution from the first activation. The activated carbons were characterized according to surface area, morphology, functional groups and batch adsorption. The yield for the first activation was 70.7% with surface area of 858m2/g. It was found that the activated carbon prepared using the recycled ZnCl2 still possesses good surface area for methylene blue removal. The adsorption behaviour of the continuous system was well fitted to and could be satisfactorily described by the Yoon and Nelson model.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc Compounds
  14. Shuhaimi-Othman M, Ahmad A, Norziana G
    Kajian kepekatan logam dalam air di Tasik Bukit Merah telah dijalankan pada April 2009. Lima belas stesen persampelan telah dipilih dan sampel air permukaan bagi penentuan logam telah diambil. Beberapa parameter kualiti air seperti suhu, konduktiviti, oksigen terlarut, pH dan keliatan air telah ditentukan di setiap stesen. Sebanyak 11 jenis logam iaitu kadmium, zink, plumbum, kuprum, nikel, ferum, kobalt, aluminium, barium, kromium dan mangan (Mn) telah ditentukan dalam sampel air. Keputusan menunjukkan kepekatan semua logam kajian berada di bawah kepekatan maksimum yang dicadangkan oleh piawaian Malaysia dan antarabangsa bagi melindungi hidupan akuatik kecuali bagi logam Fe dan Al. Bagi parameter kualiti air, kajian menunjukkan semua parameter berada dalam julat kepekatan semula jadi (kelas I) berdasarkan Piawaian Kualiti Air Kebangsaan (NWQS Malaysia) kecuali oksigen terlarut dan pH di beberapa stesen persampelan terutama di bahagian timur tasik yang didapati dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor semula jadi dan antropogenik.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc
  15. Sahibin Abd Rahim, Wan Mohd Razi Idris, Zulfahmi Ali Rahman, Tukimat Lihan, Ramilan Omar, Liew KY
    Sains Malaysiana, 2012;41:11-21.
    Kajian ini dijalankan di kawasan tanih ultrabes di Felda Rokan Barat (FRB), Negeri Sembilan. Sebanyak dua puluh sampel cili, kunyit, pandan dan serai serta substratnya telah diambil secara rawak untuk penentuan kandungan logam berat Fe, Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Cr dan Zn. Kandungan logam berat dalam tumbuhan diekstrak secara penghadaman basah, manakala kandungan logam berat resistan dan tersedia dalam tanih diekstrak dengan kaedah pengekstrakan berjujukan. Kandungan logam berat jumlah diperoleh dengan menjumlahkan kandungan logam berat rintang dan tersedia. Kandungan logam berat di dalam larutan ekstrak tanih dan tumbuhan ditentukan dengan menggunakan Spektrofotometer Penyerapan Atom Nyalaan (FAAS). Hasil kajian menunjukkan logam Fe adalah dominan di dalam tanih di kawasan kajian manakala kepekatan logam Cd paling rendah dengan nilai < 10 mg/kg. Sela kepekatan logam-logam berat dalam tanih ialah Fe (2618.4 hingga 4248 mg/kg), Mn (240.9 hingga 741.9 mg/kg), Zn (81.9 hingga 324.8 mg/kg), Cr (46.8 hingga 438.7 mg/kg), Cu (15.7 hingga 81.7 mg/kg), Pb (14.9 hingga 116.8 mg/kg), Ni (10.1 hingga 545.6 mg/kg), Cd (5.6 hingga 10.6 mg/kg) dan Co (0.8 hingga 126.1 mg/kg). Nilai kepekatan Fe tersedia mencatatkan nilai tertinggi bagi semua substrat tumbuhan, diikuti oleh Mn, Zn, Pb, Ni, Cr, Cu, Co dan Cd. Berdasarkan peratusan tersedia Mn, Pb dan Zn merupakan logam berat yang paling banyak tersedia diambil oleh tumbuhan dengan nilai 8 hingga 10%. Kepekatan Fe, Mn, Ni dan Zn menunjukkan purata kepekatan yang tinggi pada bahagian tumbuhan yang dikaji berbanding dengan logam lain. Nilai koefisien penyerapan biologi (BAC) bagi cili, kunyit, pandan dan serai masing-masing dalam julat 0.02-0.36, 0.03-0.41, 0.03-0.63 dan 0.03-1.15. Boleh disimpulkan bahawa penyerapan logam berat oleh tumbuhan adalah normal walaupun kepekatan logam berat dalam tanih ultrabes adalah tinggi.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc
  16. Baki S, Tan L, Kan C, Kamari H, Noor A, Mardi M
    Sains Malaysiana, 2014;43:843-850.
    Multicomposition of Er3+ -Y11-3+ codoped tellurite oxide, Te02-ZnO-PbO-Ti02-Na20 glass has been investigated. A detailed spectroscopic study of the Judd-Ofelt analysis has been performed from the measured absorption spectrum in order to obtain the intensity parameters S2, (t=2, 4, 6). The calculated S2, values were then utilized in the determination of transition probabilities, radiative lifetimes and branching ratios of the Er3+ transitions between the J(upper)-J'(lower) manifolds. Both visible upconversion and near-infrared spectra were characterized under the 980 nm laser diode excitation at room temperature.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc Oxide
  17. Tukimat Lihan, Sahibin Abdul Rahim, Aeslina Abdul Kadir, Jauharatuddini Ariffin, Suzana Ismail
    Sains Malaysiana, 2006;35:23-30.
    Sebanyak dua puluh lima sampel tanih atas (0-15 cm) telah diambil dari enam stesen persampelan di kawasan Pulau Indah, Klang, Selangor. Sampel ini telah dianalisis untuk menentukan kandungan logam berat, ciri fiziko-kimia dan nutrien di dalam tanih. Tanih telah dikutip dari stesen berasingan berdasarkan jenis tanih dan aktiviti pembangunan gunatanah yang berlainan. Didapati bahawa tanih di kawasan kajian didominasi oleh tekstur pasir kecuali di Stesen 1 dan 6 yang didominasi oleh tekstur lempung. Kandungan nutrien tersedia dipengaruhi oleh jenis tanih, dengan purata kandungan K dan Mg tinggi dalam tanih lempung manakala purata kandungan PO tinggi dalam tanih pasir. Kandungan nutrien terlarut pula dipengaruhi oleh aktiviti gunatanah, dengan kandungan NO-N dan NH-N terlarut adalah tinggi di kawasan pertanian manakala kandungan SO terlarut pula tinggi di kawasan terminal minyak dan kawasan industri logam. Ciri kimia dipengaruhi oleh jenis tanih di mana pH, kapasiti pertukaran kation dan kandungan bahan organik lebih tinggi di dalam tanih lempung berbanding tanih pasir. Kandungan logam berat dipengaruhi oleh jenis guna tanah, dengan kandungan Pb dan Zn tinggi di kawasan pertanian. Kandungan As dan Co pula adalah tinggi di kawasan terminal minyak dan industri logam. Kawasan gudang menunjukkan bacaan yang tertinggi bagi Ni dan Cr manakala kawasan Pelabuhan Sarat menunjukkan bacaan Cu yang tertinggi. Secara keseluruhannya, kepekatan kandungan Pb, Cu, Ni dan Co masih berada di bawah paras yang berpotensi toksik dalam tanih manakala sebahagian dari nilai As, Cr dan Zn melebihi paras yang berpotensi toksik dalam tanih.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc
  18. Sahibin A, Wanmohd Razi I., Zulfahmi A, Tukimat L, Akjalaludin A, Azman H, et al.
    Sains Malaysiana, 2013;42:289-299.
    Kajian ini telah dijalankan di kawasan tanih ultrabes di Felda Rokan Barat, Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan. Sebanyak lima belas sampel tumbuhan dan substratnya telah diambil dari kawasan kajian dengan kaedah berkelompok. Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk menentukan kandungan logam berat Fe, Ni, Cr, Mn, Co, Zn, Cu, Cd dan Pb di dalam tanih dan bahagian akar, batang dan daun tumbuhan. Koefisien penyerapan biologi (BAC) ditentukan secara perkiraan. Kandungan logam berat di dalam tumbuhan diekstrak secara penghadaman basah manakala kandungan di dalam tanih diekstrak dengan kaedah pengekstrakan berjujukan. Kandungan logam berat di dalam larutan ekstrak tanih dan tumbuhan ditentukan menggunakan spektrofotometer penyerapan atom kaedah nyalaan (FAAS). Hasil kajian menunjukkan kepekatan logam berat paling tinggi dalam substrat pokok daun kari Murraya koenigi adalah Fe, diikuti oleh Mn, Cr, Co, Ni, Zn, Cu, Cd dan Pb dengan purata kepekatan masing-masing sebanyak 1699.64 mg/kg, 532.59 mg/kg, 212.43 mg/kg, 195.02 mg/kg, 174.97 mg/kg, 48.11 mg/kg, 43.86 mg/kg, 3.65 mg/kg dan 0.48 mg/kg. Kepekatan logam berat tersedia bagi Mn dan Pb
    adalah lebih tinggi berbanding logam berat tersedia yang lain berdasarkan peratus. Kandungan Fe dan Mn adalah tinggi di dalam semua bahagian tumbuhan. Walau bagaimanapun, berdasarkan nilai purata kumulatif BAC, hanya logam Pb menunjukkan nilai penimbunan yang agak tinggi dalam tumbuhan. Kajian ini menunjukkan pokok daun kari (Murraya koenigi) bukan tumbuhan penumpuk logam berat berdasarkan kepada nilai BACnya yang rendah.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc
  19. Ooi PS, Engelhard G
    J Appl Meas, 2019;20(1):79-99.
    PMID: 30789834
    The fairness of raters in music performance assessment has become an important concern in the field of music. The assessment of students' music performance depends in a fundamental way on rater judgements. The quality of rater judgements is crucial to provide fair, meaningful and informative assessments of music performance. There are many external factors that can influence the quality of rater judgements. Previous research has used different measurement models to examine the quality of rater judgements (e.g., generalizability theory). There are limitations with the previous analysis methods that are based on classical test theory and its extensions. In this study, we use modern measurement theory (Rasch measurement theory) to examine the quality of rater judgements. The many-facets Rasch rating scale model is employed to investigate the extent of rater-invariant measurement in the context of music performance assessments related to university degrees in Malaysia (159 students rated by 24 raters). We examine the rating scale structure, the severity levels of the raters, and the judged difficulty of the items. We also examine the interaction effects across musical instrument subgroups (keyboard, strings, woodwinds, brass, percussions and vocal). The results suggest that there were differences in severity levels among the raters. The results of this study also suggest that raters had different severity levels when rating different musical instrument subgroups. The implications for research, theory and practice in the assessment of music performance are included in this paper.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc
  20. Shantakumari Rajan, Nur Safiyyah Ishak
    Sains Malaysiana, 2017;46:1825-1830.
    The concentrations of the heavy metal in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) purchased from the local wet markets throughout the state of Selangor were investigated using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The order of the heavy metal concentrations were Zn>Cu>Pb>Cd, whereby the metal concentrations in most samples exceeded the limits of the Malaysian Food Regulation, 1985 and the guidelines set by the Food and Agriculture Organisation (1983). A health risk analysis based on the mean target hazard quotient (THQ) yielded values <1 for all metals for average and maximal consumers. The total THQ (tTHQ) which measures the aggregated risk due to heavy metal uptake via the ingestion of L. vannamei was 0.124 and 0.372 for average and maximal consumers, respectively. This suggests that although the metal concentrations are exceeding the limit, there is no calculated significant risk from metal toxicity by the consumption of shrimp.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc
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