MyMedR

Matched MeSH terms: Diagnosis, Differential; Echinococcosis, Hepatic/diagnosis; Fatty Liver/diagnosis; Hepatomegaly/diagnosis; Liver Cirrhosis/diagnosis; Liver Diseases, Parasitic/diagnosis; Melanoma/diagnosis

Some aspects of neurophthalmology in general practice

Chin WN

Med J Malaya, 1966 Sep;21(1):97-8.

PMID: 4224887

Matched MeSH terms: Brain Diseases/diagnosis*

Systematic and distributional studies of helminths of Malayan mammals

Lim Boo Liat, Heyneman D

Med J Malaya, 1965 Sep;20(1):54.

PMID: 4221415

Matched MeSH terms: Helminthiasis/diagnosis*

Global variations in diagnostic guidelines for Barrett's esophagus

Kusano C, Singh R, Lee YY, Soh YSA, Sharma P, Ho KY, et al.

Dig Endosc, 2022 Nov;34(7):1320-1328.

PMID: 35475586 DOI: 10.1111/den.14342

Endoscopic diagnosis of gastroesophageal junction and Barrett's esophagus is essential for surveillance and early detection of esophageal adenocarcinoma and esophagogastric junction cancer. Despite its small size, the gastroesophageal junction has many inherent problems, including marked differences in diagnostic methods for Barrett's esophagus in international guidelines. To define Barrett's esophagus, gastroesophageal junction location should be clarified. Although gastric folds and palisade vessels are landmarks for identifying this junction, they are sometimes difficult to observe due to air entry or reflux esophagitis. The possibility of diagnosing a malignancy associated with Barrett's esophagus <1 cm, identified using palisade vessels, should be re-examined. Nontargeted biopsies of Barrett's esophagus are commonly used to detect intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia, and cancer as described in the Seattle protocol. Barrett's esophagus with intestinal metaplasia has a high risk of becoming cancerous. Furthermore, the frequency of cancer in patients with Barrett's esophagus without intestinal metaplasia is high, and the guidelines differ on whether to include the presence of intestinal metaplasia in the diagnosis of Barrett's esophagus. Use of advanced imaging technologies, including narrow-band imaging with magnifying endoscopy and linked color imaging, is reportedly valid for diagnosing Barrett's esophagus. Furthermore, artificial intelligence has facilitated the diagnosis of Barrett's esophagus through its deep learning and image recognition capabilities. However, it is necessary to first use the endoscopic definition of the gastroesophageal junction, which is common in all countries, and then elucidate the characteristics of Barrett's esophagus in each region, for example, length differences in the risk of carcinogenesis with and without intestinal metaplasia.

Matched MeSH terms: Metaplasia/diagnosis

Computer aided diagnosis of diabetic foot using infrared thermography: A review

Adam M, Ng EYK, Tan JH, Heng ML, Tong JWK, Acharya UR

Comput Biol Med, 2017 12 01;91:326-336.

PMID: 29121540 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2017.10.030

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that requires regular medical care to prevent severe complications. The elevated blood glucose level affects the eyes, blood vessels, nerves, heart, and kidneys after the onset. The affected blood vessels (usually due to atherosclerosis) may lead to insufficient blood circulation particularly in the lower extremities and nerve damage (neuropathy), which can result in serious foot complications. Hence, an early detection and treatment can prevent foot complications such as ulcerations and amputations. Clinicians often assess the diabetic foot for sensory deficits with clinical tools, and the resulting foot severity is often manually evaluated. The infrared thermography is a fast, nonintrusive and non-contact method which allows the visualization of foot plantar temperature distribution. Several studies have proposed infrared thermography-based computer aided diagnosis (CAD) methods for diabetic foot. Among them, the asymmetric temperature analysis method is more superior, as it is easy to implement, and yielded satisfactory results in most of the studies. In this paper, the diabetic foot, its pathophysiology, conventional assessments methods, infrared thermography and the different infrared thermography-based CAD analysis methods are reviewed.

Matched MeSH terms: Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted/methods*

Fulltext Determinants for cardiovascular disease health check questionnaire: A validation study

Cheong AT, Chinna K, Khoo EM, Liew SM

PLoS One, 2017;12(11):e0188259.

PMID: 29145513 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188259

BACKGROUND: To improve individuals' participation in cardiovascular disease (CVD) screening, it is necessary to understand factors that influence their intention to undergo health checks. This study aimed to develop and validate an instrument that assess determinants that influence individuals' intention to undergo CVD health checks.

METHODS: The concepts and items were developed based on findings from our prior exploratory qualitative study on factors influencing individuals' intention to undergo CVD health checks. Content validity of the questionnaire was assessed by a panel of six experts and the item-level content validity index (I-CVI) was determined. After pretesting the questionnaire was pilot tested to check reliability of the items. Exploratory factor analysis was used to test for dimensionality using a sample of 240 participants.

RESULTS: The finalized questionnaire consists of 36 items, covering nine concepts. The I-CVI for all items was satisfactory with values ranging from 0.83 to 1.00. The exploratory factor analysis showed that the number of factors extracted was consistent with the theoretical concepts. Correlations values between items ranged from 0.30 to 0.85 and all the factor loadings were more than 0.40, indicating satisfactory structural validity. All concepts showed good internal consistency, Cronbach's alpha values ranged 0.66-0.85.

CONCLUSIONS: The determinants for CVD health check questionnaire has good content and structural validity, and its reliability was established. It can be used to assess determinants influencing individuals' intention to undergo CVD health checks.

Matched MeSH terms: Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis*

Fulltext From fever to action: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of acute undifferentiated febrile illnesses

Barathan M

Pathog Dis, 2024 Feb 07;82.

PMID: 38614961 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftae006

Acute Undifferentiated Febrile Illness (AUFI) presents a clinical challenge, often characterized by sudden fever, non-specific symptoms, and potential life-threatening implications. This review highlights the global prevalence, types, challenges, and implications of AUFI, especially in tropical and subtropical regions where infectious diseases thrive. It delves into the difficulties in diagnosis, prevalence rates, regional variations, and potential causes, ranging from bacterial and viral infections to zoonotic diseases. Furthermore, it explores treatment strategies, preventive measures, and the critical role of the One Health approach in addressing AUFI. The paper also addresses the emerging zoonotic risks and ongoing outbreaks, including COVID-19, Rickettsia spp., and other novel pathogens, emphasizing their impact on AUFI diagnosis and management. Challenges in resource-limited settings are analyzed, highlighting the need for bolstered healthcare infrastructure, enhanced diagnostics, and collaborative One Health strategies. Amidst the complexity of emerging zoonotic threats, this review underscores the urgency for a multifaceted approach to mitigate the growing burden of AUFI, ensuring early diagnosis, appropriate treatment, and effective prevention strategies.

Matched MeSH terms: Zoonoses/diagnosis

Comment on "Noninvasive Assessment of Intracranial Pressure: Deformability Index as an Adjunct to Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter to Increase Diagnostic Ability"

Suresh V, Magoon R

Neurocrit Care, 2024 Aug;41(1):303-304.

PMID: 38951445 DOI: 10.1007/s12028-024-02025-y

Matched MeSH terms: Intracranial Hypertension/diagnosis

Fulltext Giant epidermal cyst with intramuscular extension: a rare occurrence

Low SF, Sridharan R, Ngiu CS

BMJ Case Rep, 2015 Feb 06;2015.

PMID: 25661748 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2013-202534

An epidermal cyst is the most common type of cyst to occur in subcutaneous tissue. When its size is greater than 5 cm, it is recognised as a giant epidermal cyst. A subcutaneous giant epidermal cyst with intramuscular extension is extremely rare. The authors report a case of a 74-year-old man who presented with a painless, slow-growing left gluteal mass of 6-month duration. Examination revealed a large left gluteal mass that was fixed to the underlying structures. A small epidermal cyst with visible punctum was noted at the medial aspect of the mass. MRI demonstrated a large, lobulated left gluteal lesion measuring 20 cm×16 cm×10 cm. The lesion was partly within the gluteal maximus muscle and partly within the subcutaneous tissue. MRI and ultrasound features of the lesion were consistent with a giant epidermal cyst with intramuscular extension. The lesion was excised and histology confirmed the diagnosis.

Matched MeSH terms: Diagnosis, Differential; Epidermal Cyst/diagnosis*; Muscular Diseases/diagnosis*; Sarcoma/diagnosis

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