Displaying publications 81 - 100 of 137 in total

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  1. Reduced expression of prostacyclin synthase and nitric oxide synthase in subcutaneous arteries of type 2 diabetic patients
    Safiah Mokhtar S, M Vanhoutte P, W S Leung S, Imran Yusof M, Wan Sulaiman WA, Zaharil Mat Saad A, et al.
    Tohoku J Exp Med, 2013 11;231(3):217-22.
    PMID: 24225501
    Diabetic endothelial dysfunction is characterized by impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation. In this study, we measured the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostacyclin synthase (PGIS), and prostacyclin receptor (IP) in subcutaneous arteries of type-2 diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Subcutaneous arteries were dissected from tissues from seven diabetics (4 males and 3 females) and seven non-diabetics (5 males and 2 females) aged between 18 to 65 years, who underwent lower limb surgical procedures. Diabetics had higher fasting blood glucose compared to non-diabetics, but there were no differences in blood pressure, body mass index and age. Patients were excluded if they had uncontrolled hypertension, previous myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease, renal or hepatic failure and tumor. The relative expression levels of eNOS, COX-1, COX-2, PGIS and IP receptor were determined by Western blotting analysis, normalized with the β-actin level. Increased expression of COX-2 was observed in subcutaneous arteries of diabetics compared to non-diabetics, whereas the expression levels of eNOS and PGIS were significantly lower in diabetics. There were no significant differences in expression levels of COX-1 and IP receptor between the two groups. Immunohistochemical study of subcutaneous arteries showed that the intensities of eNOS and PGIS staining were lower in diabetics, with higher COX-2 staining. In conclusion, type-2 diabetes is associated with higher COX-2 expression, but lower eNOS and PGIS expression in subcutaneous arteries. These alterations may lead to impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilatation, and thus these proteins may be potential targets for protection against the microvascular complications of diabetes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Arteries/enzymology*; Arteries/pathology*
  2. Vascular loop in the cerebellopontine angle causing pulsatile tinnitus and headache: a case report
    Ramly NA, Roslenda AR, Suraya A, Asma A
    EXCLI J, 2014;13:192-6.
    PMID: 26417253
    Tinnitus is a common disorder, it can be classified as pulsatile and non-pulsatile or objective and subjective. Pulsatile tinnitus is less common than non-pulsatile and can be due to vascular tumour such as glomus or vascular abnormality. We presented an interesting case of a 30 year-old Malay lady with a two-year history of pulsatile tinnitus which was worsening in three months duration. It was associated with intermittent headache. Clinical examination and tuning fork test were unremarkable. Apart from mild hearing loss at high frequency on the left ear, the pure tone audiogram (PTA) was otherwise normal. In view of the patient's young age with no risk factor for high frequency loss, a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed to look for any abnormality in the cerebellopontine angle. It revealed a single vessel looping around the left vestibulocochlear and facial nerves at the cisternal portion, likely a branch of the anteroinferior cerebellar artery (AICA). Literature review on the pathophysiology and treatment option in this condition is discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Arteries
  3. Fulltext Quality Assessment of Longissimus and Semitendinosus Muscles from Beef Cattle Subjected to Non-penetrative and Penetrative Percussive Stunning Methods
    Sazili AQ, Norbaiyah B, Zulkifli I, Goh YM, Lotfi M, Small AH
    Asian-Australas J Anim Sci, 2013 May;26(5):723-31.
    PMID: 25049845 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2012.12563
    This study provides a comparative analysis of the effects of pre-slaughter penetrative and non-penetrative stunning and post-slaughter stunning on meat quality attributes in longissimus lumborum (LL) and semitendinosus (ST) muscles in heifers. Ten animals were assigned to each of four treatment groups: i) animals were subjected to conventional Halal slaughter (a clean incision through the structures at the front of the upper neck - the trachea, oesophagus, carotid arteries and jugular veins) and post-cut penetrating mechanical stun within 10 to 20 s of the neck cut (Unstunned; US); ii) high power non-penetrating mechanical stunning followed by the neck cut (HPNP); iii) low power non-penetrating mechanical stunning followed by the neck cut (LPNP); and iv) penetrative stunning using a captive bolt pistol followed by the neck cut (P). For each carcass, muscle samples were removed within 45 min of slaughter, portioned and analysed for pH, cooking loss, water holding capacity (WHC), tenderness (WBS), lipid oxidation (TBARS) and color, over a two week storage period. Stunning did not affect pH and cooking loss. Significant differences in water holding capacity, tenderness, lipid oxidation and color were present at different storage time points. HPNP stunning resulted in lower WHC and color values, particularly lightness (L*), higher TBARS values and peak force values compared with those stunned using LPNP, P and US. These adverse effects on quality were mostly encountered in the ST muscle. In conclusion, the meat quality achieved using P, LPNP and US treatments was comparable, and no treatment stood out as considerably better than another.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carotid Arteries
  4. Fulltext Superselective mesenteric arterial branch cannulation for intraoperative identification of bleeding intestinal mucosal lesions
    Mahadeven M, Samad SA, Leong KS
    Med J Malaysia, 1994 Jun;49(2):192-4.
    PMID: 8090105
    The intraoperative localisation of small intestinal bleeding lesions identified at pre-operative angiography has always been difficult, resulting in extensive resections in doubtful cases. We report two patients in whom, at angiography, a small intestinal lesion was noted to be the cause of gastrointestinal haemorrhage. They then underwent superselective mesenteric arterial cannulation at a second angiographic procedure and were operated upon with the angiographic catheter left within the branch responsible for the bleeding. This superselective catheter placement facilitates precise localisation of the bleeding site intraoperatively, enabling limited segmental resection of bowel. Both patients have had no recurrent bleeding episodes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mesenteric Arteries
  5. Astrup studies in the newborn
    Hee Wan Jang H
    Med J Malaya, 1971 Mar;25(3):208-10.
    PMID: 4253248
    Matched MeSH terms: Arteries
  6. Dural arteriovenous fistula mimicking temporal arteritis
    Naserrudin NS, Mohammad Raffiq MA
    Clin Neurol Neurosurg, 2019 01;176:44-46.
    PMID: 30504098 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2018.11.021
    INTRODUCTION: Dural arteriovenous fistula (dAVF) is a very rare disease characterized by an abnormal vascular communication between arteries and veins in dural mater. It frequently presents with intracranial haemorrhage. Common presenting symptoms are headache and seizures.

    CASE REPORT: Here we report a case of dAVF in which the patient's symptoms mimic a temporal arteritis in a 23-year-old woman. She presented with painful mass at forehead for 9 months with frontotemporal headache. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated dural arteriovenous fistula.

    CONCLUSION: Since both diseases have different prognosis but similar presentation, it is important to ensure that there is no dural arteriovenous fistula in patient with suspected temporal arteritis.

    Matched MeSH terms: Arteries
  7. Fulltext Physico-chemical changes and microbiological quality of refrigerated broiler chicken meat slaughtered by two different methods
    Ahmed, H.O., Hassan, Z., Abdul Manap, M.N.
    International Food Research Journal, 2018;25(3):913-920.
    MyJurnal
    Slaughtering is the first step in meat processing. It involves killing an animal for the production of meat. Effectiveness of slaughter is determined by the amount of blood removed from the animal. This study aimed to compare the chemical changes and microbiological quality of broiler chicken meat slaughtered by Halal and Non-Halal slaughter methods during refrigerated storage. A total of sixty (60) broiler chickens were slaughtered by: i) Neck cutting (NC) - by severing the jugular veins, carotid arteries, trachea and the oesophagus according to the Islamic ritual method of slaughter and (ii) Neck poking (NP) - by poking the neck of the bird with a sharp object. Residual blood was quantified by measuring the haem iron content in the breast meat samples. Storage stability of chicken meat was evaluated by measuring the extent of lipid oxidation determined by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and by assessing the microbiological quality of the meat. Haem iron content decreased significantly (P0.05) on chicken meat lipid oxidation at 1, 3, and 9 day of storage at 4oC. However, at 5 and 7 day of storage, significant differences (P
    Matched MeSH terms: Carotid Arteries
  8. Fulltext Intramural gas: would it be life-threatening
    Azna Aishath Ali, Syamim Johan, Chiak, Yot Ng, Firdaus Hayati
    Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences, 2020;14(3):63-64.
    MyJurnal
    The CECT scan of the abdomen at axial and coronal views show gas bubbles tracking along the inner wall of the ascending colon and hepatic flexure, which is separated from the intraluminal gas within the bowel. These intramural gas bubbles appear to be outlining the bowel wall circumferentially. The bowel wall appears to be thickened however the inner mucosa is not enhanced. There are no ascites in the images provided. The colon of the hepatic flexure and transverse colon appears dilated. No significant atherosclerotic plaque in the visualised arteries. Based on the clinical presentations and CECT features in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the best diagnosis for him is benign pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) secondary to obstructed low rectal cancer. He was subjected for a trephine transverse colostomy to relieve the obstruction with simultaneous transanal rectal mass biopsy. Once the histology is available, he subsequently will be referred for concurrent chemo-radiotherapy as neoadjuvant treatment and later for a low anterior resection, provided that it is a localized disease.
    Matched MeSH terms: Arteries
  9. Quantitative and qualitative assessments of intraosseous neurovascular canals in dentate and posteriorly edentulous individuals in lateral maxillary sinus wall
    Yusof MYPM, Mah MC, Reduwan NH, Kretapirom K, Affendi NHK
    Saudi Dent J, 2020 Dec;32(8):396-402.
    PMID: 33304083 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2019.10.010
    Objective: Knowledge and evaluation of the blood supply within the maxillary sinus before sinus augmentation are vital to avoid surgical complications. The lateral maxilla is supplied by branches of the posterior superior alveolar artery and infraorbital artery forming intraosseous anastomoses (IA) within the bony lateral antral wall. This study was undertaken to (i) measure mean diameter of IA and its distance from the alveolar ridge within dentate and posteriorly edentulous subjects and, (ii) qualitatively display the relationship of IA throughout its course within the lateral maxillary sinus in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

    Method: Maxillary CBCT images of two-hundred-and-fifty-seven consecutive patients (163 men, 94 women, mean age 42 years) were analyzed. Samples were later divided into dentate (n = 142) and posteriorly edentulous (n = 115) jaws. Using both alveolar ridge and tooth location as reference points, the distance and diameter of IA were assessed.

    Result: The IA was seen in 63.7% of all sinuses with 68.2% in dentate and 62.4% in edentulous. Mean distance and diameter of IA across the posterior tooth locations were 17.9 ± 3.0 mm and 1.4 ± 0.5 mm (dentate) and 15.1 ± 3.0 mm and 1.0 ± 0.5 mm (posteriorly edentulous), respectively. In each sample, there were no significant differences in distance-alveolar ridge and no significant correlations in diameter-tooth location. A statistically significant Pearson coefficient correlation between diameter and distance in dentate state was observed (r = -0.6).

    Conclusion: This study reveals that dentate maxillary jaws present larger diameters as compared to posteriorly edentulous jaws, although the IA course remains the same. As these canal structures contain neurovascular bundles with diameters that may be large enough to cause clinically substantial complications, a thorough pre-surgical planning is therefore highly advisable.

    Matched MeSH terms: Arteries
  10. Fulltext Characterization of a gas-purge method to access 11C-carbondioxide radioactivity in blood
    Ng, Yen, Green Mark, A.
    Jurnal Sains Nuklear Malaysia, 2014;26(2):14-16.
    MyJurnal
    Carbon-11 labeled radiotracers, such as 11C-acetate and
    11C-palmitate are widely used in positron
    emission tomography (PET) for noninvasive evaluation of myocardial metabolism under varied
    physiological conditions.These tracers are attractive probes of tissue physiology, because they are
    simply radiolabled versions of the native biochemical substrates. One of the major metabolites
    generated by these tracers upon the administration is 11CO2 produced via the citric acid cycle. In
    quantitative modeling of
    11C-acetate and
    11C-palmitate PET data, the fraction of blood
    11C
    radioactivity present as
    11CO2 needs to be measured to obtain a correct radiotracer arterial
    input function. Accordingly, the literature describes a method whereby the total blood
    11C-activity
    is counted in blood samples treated with base solution, while the fraction of
    1 1CO2 is measured
    after the blood is treated with acid followed by a 10 minutes gas-purge. However, a detailed
    description of the experimental validation of this method was not provided. The goal of this study
    was to test the reliability of a 10 minute gas purging method used to assay
    11CO2 radioactivity in
    blood
    Matched MeSH terms: Arteries
  11. Fulltext Classical trigeminal neuralgia, purely paroxsymal with vascular compression - a case report
    B, Elamathi, R, Vijaya, V, Valliappan, A, Ramanathan
    Ann Dent, 2014;21(1):33-37.
    MyJurnal
    According to the 3rd edition of the international
    classification of headache disorders (ICHD3 2013),
    Trigeminal Neuralgia (TN) is classified into two types:
    1. Classical TN, purely paroxysmal 2. Classical TN
    with concomitant persistent facial pain. In this article,
    the authors describe a 47 year-old, male with unilateral,
    severe, recurring, electric shock-like pain involving left
    lower jaw, teeth and gingiva. Diagnosis of classical TN
    of the left 3rd division of the trigeminal nerve was made.
    The patient was treated with pharmacotherapeutic agents
    but without relief. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
    of the brain showed medial vascular compression of left
    trigeminal pontine root entry zone caused by superior
    cerebellar artery. A microvascular decompression (MVD)
    surgery was done at the left trigeminal pontine root entry
    zone resulting in good relief of pain. This article highlights
    the differential diagnoses to be considered with TN and
    also emphasize the difference between the two types of
    the TN according to ICDH3 (2013). It also highlights the
    difference between classical TN purely paroxysmal with
    and without vascular compression by imaging techniques
    and their differing treatment modalities, which therefore
    should be reflected in future ICDH classification.
    Matched MeSH terms: Arteries
  12. Fulltext Coronary Artery Bypass Graft in a Young Adult, An Emerging Phenomenon: A Case Report.
    Ramzisham, A.R.M., Joanna, O.S.M., Talal, A.R., Shahrulakmal, S., Maskon, O., Noorfaizan, S., et al.
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2010;9(1):47-49.
    MyJurnal
    A 29-year-old, smoker, diabetic, hypertensive and hypercholesterolemic man was diagnosed of having severe coronary artery disease with a critical left main stem stenosis. On-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) was performed using conduits from the left internal mammary artery as well as the left radial artery and right saphenous vein which were both harvested endoscopically. He was discharged after a week of uneventful recovery. This case emphasizes on the best possible management of conduits selection, intraoperative myocardial protection and the risk factors modifi cation in achieving a long term graft patency and avoiding premature cardiac related death.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mammary Arteries
  13. Fulltext Surgical management of a mangled foot by a free vascularized fibular graft: a case report
    Kow, Ren Yi, Aziah Abdul Aziz, Muhammad Firdaus Abas, Low, Chooi Leng, Akmal Azim Ahmad Alwi
    International e-Journal of Science, Medicine & Education, 2018;12(2):30-33.
    MyJurnal
    The human foot serves as an important part to support
    the body weight and accounts for the majority of our
    movements. A mangled limb involves injury to at least
    three out of four systems, namely the soft tissues, nerves,
    blood supply and bone. While amputation is indicated in
    some cases of mangled limb, with proper planning, limb
    salvaging surgical management is also a viable option.
    Special consideration to the skeletal stabilization, control
    of infection, vascular status and soft tissue coverage is
    paramount to the success of limb salvaging surgery. We
    present a case of mangled limb which was successfully
    treated with limb salvaging surgical management. Initial
    debridement, Kirschner wires insertion and cross ankle
    external fixation were used for skeletal stabilization. An
    antibiotic spacer was inserted for local antibiotic and to
    maintain the length left due to the loss of medial and
    intermediate cuneiform bones. The anterior tibialis
    artery and its venae comitantes were utilized for free
    vascularized fibular graft to provide bony reconstruction
    as well as soft tissue coverage for the mangled foot.
    Matched MeSH terms: Arteries
  14. Anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery (AAOCA): A case report
    Anwar A, Chan KMJ, Awang Y, Ping DC
    Med J Malaysia, 2019 Oct;74(5):436-438.
    PMID: 31649223
    Anomalous Aortic Origin of a Coronary Artery (AAOCA) is a rare anomaly of the coronary artery with a considerable risk of sudden cardiac death due to ischaemia of the heart. Symptoms may include chest pain on exertion, breathlessness or dizziness. We encountered a case of a 46- year-old female who complained of exertional chest pain with a positive-stress test and subsequently diagnosed with AAOCA through CT angiography (CTA). She successfully underwent a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery using a saphenous vein graft with uneventful recovery. Right internal mammary artery (RIMA) was not used as it was flimsy and the flow was very poor.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mammary Arteries
  15. Fulltext “IMMOLIMBTM” problem solving method for low quality image of lower limb angiography procedure
    Halmi Shamsudin, Norman Nordin, Sa’don Samian, Hafiz Salahudin, Azrul, A.B., Nik Azuan, N.I., et al.
    Jurnal Inovasi Malaysia, 2018;2(1):31-50.
    MyJurnal
    Angiography procedures is one of the diagnostic imaging procedures for studying blood vessels in the arteries and veins. This angiography examination is performed by injecting a viscous liquid called contrast media into the blood vessels to clearly identify the blocked blood vessels. This procedure involves the exposure of X-Ray in certain blood vessels and is performed by the Interventionist Radiologist. There are several types of angiography examinations which include cerebral angiography, coronary angiography, pulmonary angiography, peripheral angiography and renal angiography. The main problem that occurs during the Lower Limb Angiography examination involving elderly patients aged 60 years and above who suffer from critical diabetes stage in both blood vessels. The problem arise when there is no special immobilize device to support the foot and the patients were in an uncomfortable state for a period of 2-3 hours during the examination. Hence specialists had difficulty to interpret accurately the blood vessel clot in the foot due to less optimum radiograph. IMMOLIMBTM is an innovative invention created from used waste to overcome the foot movements, providing comfort and enhancing optimum diagnostic images.
    Matched MeSH terms: Arteries
  16. Fulltext Wellen's syndrome: Challenges in diagnosis
    Agarwal A, Vyas S, Kumar R
    Malays Fam Physician, 2015;10(3):35-7.
    PMID: 27570607
    Wellen's syndrome is a pre-infarction stage of coronary artery disease characterised by predefined clinical and electrocardiographic (ECG) criteria of a subgroup of patients with myocardial ischaemia. Early recognition and appropriate intervention of this syndrome carry significant diagnostic and prognostic value. We report this unusual syndrome in an elderly man who presented with recurrent angina and characteristic ECG changes as T-waves inversion in the precordial leads, especially in V2-V6 during pain-free periods and ECG obtained during episodes of pain demonstrating upright T-waves with possible elevated ST segments from V1-V4. Cardiac enzymes were positive and coronary angiography revealed critical stenosis in the proximal left anterior descending artery. It is important to timely identify this condition and intervene appropriately as these patients may develop extensive myocardial infarction that carries a significant morbidity and mortality.
    Matched MeSH terms: Arteries
  17. Fulltext Moxibustion (ArtemisiaPlant at Acupuncture Point) as Alternative Therapy in Hypertension: A Promising Approach
    Siddiqui MJ, Kamarudin MFB, Mohammed Al-Shami AK, Mat So'ad SZ, Jamshed SQ
    J Pharm Bioallied Sci, 2017 Oct-Dec;9(4):279-281.
    PMID: 29456380 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.JPBS_24_17
    Hypertension is a pathological condition in which the blood pressure is higher than under normal physiological conditions, i.e., 140/90 mmHg or higher. Blood pressure is measured as the force exerted by the blood pumped by the heart against the walls of arteries (aorta) and distributed throughout the body. Use of complementary and alternative medicine as a cure for hypertension is a common phenomenon because of the high risk of cardiovascular complications and kidney diseases caused by conventional Western medicine. It is reported that high blood pressure causes ~49% of myocardial infarction and 62% of strokes. Effective treatment of hypertension is restricted by adverse effects and cost of the medication. Moxibustion is the application of heat by burning a small bundle of tightly bound moxa, to targeted acupoint, and sometimes it is used along with acupuncture. Encouraging results have been reported on randomized trials indicating the efficacy of moxibustion. But more controlled clinical trials are required to further establish the potential efficacy of moxibustion approach in hypertension.
    Matched MeSH terms: Arteries
  18. Fulltext Numerical solution of magnetohydrodynamics effects on a generalised power law fluid model of blood flow through a bifurcated artery with an overlapping shaped stenosis
    Zain NM, Ismail Z
    PLoS One, 2023;18(2):e0276576.
    PMID: 36780455 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276576
    This paper presents a numerical analysis of blood flow in a diseased vessel within the presence of an external magnetic field. The blood flow was considered to be incompressible and fully developed, in that the non-Newtonian nature of the fluid was characterised as a generalised power law model for shear-thinning, Newtonian, and shear-thickening fluids. The impact of a transverse directed external magnetic field on blood flow through a stenosed bifurcated artery was investigated. The arterial geometry was considered as a bifurcated channel with overlapping shaped stenosis. The problem was treated mathematically using the Galerkin Least-Squares (GLS) method. The implementation of this numerical method managed to overcome the numerical instability faced by the classical Galerkin technique when adopted to a highly viscous flow. The benefit of GLS in circumventing the Ladyzhenskaya-Babuška-Brezzi (LBB) condition was utilized by evaluating both the velocity and pressure components at corner nodes of a unstructured triangular element. The non-linearity that emerged from the convective terms was then treated using the Newton-Raphson method, while the numerical integrals were computed using a Gaussian quadrature rule with six quadrature points. The findings obtained from this study were then compared with available results from the literature as well as Comsol multiphysics software to verify the accuracy and validity of the numerical algorithms. It was found that the application of magnetic field was able to overcome flow reversal by 39% for a shear-thinning fluid, 26% for a Newtonian fluid, and 27% for a shear-thickening fluid. The negative pressure and steep wall shear stress which occurs at the extremities of an overlapping stenosis throat were diminished by rise in magnetic intensity. This prevented thrombosis occurrence and produced a uniform calm flow.
    Matched MeSH terms: Arteries
  19. Fulltext Calcitriol Supplementation Ameliorates Microvascular Endothelial Dysfunction in Vitamin D-Deficient Diabetic Rats by Upregulating the Vascular eNOS Protein Expression and Reducing Oxidative Stress
    Wee CL, Mokhtar SS, Singh KKB, Yahaya S, Leung SWS, Rasool AHG
    Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2021;2021:3109294.
    PMID: 33623633 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3109294
    Diabetes mellitus contributes to macro- and microvascular complications, leading to adverse cardiovascular events. This study examined the effects of vitamin D deficiency on the vascular function and tissue oxidative status in the microcirculation of diabetic rats and to determine whether these effects can be reversed with calcitriol (active vitamin D metabolite) supplementation. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were fed for 10 weeks with control diet (DC) or vitamin D-deficient diet without (DD) or with oral calcitriol supplementation (0.15 μg/kg) in the last four weeks (DDS) (10 rats each group). A nondiabetic rat group that received control diet was also included (NR). After 10 weeks, rats were sacrificed; mesenteric arterial rings with and without endothelium were studied using wire myograph. Western blotting of the mesenteric arterial tissue was performed to determine the protein expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) enzyme. Antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the mesenteric arterial tissue were also measured. The DC group had significantly lower acetylcholine-induced relaxation and augmented endothelium-dependent contraction, with reduced eNOS expression, compared to NR rats. In mesenteric arteries of DD, acetylcholine-induced endothelium-dependent and sodium nitroprusside-induced endothelium-independent relaxations were lower than those in DC. Calcitriol supplementation in DDS restored endothelium-dependent relaxation. Mesenteric artery endothelium-dependent contraction of DD was greater than DC; it was not affected by calcitriol supplementation. The eNOS protein expression and SOD activity were significantly lower while MDA levels were greater in DD compared to DC; these effects were not observed in DDS that received calcitriol supplementation. In conclusion, vitamin D deficiency causes eNOS downregulation and oxidative stress, thereby impairing the vascular function and posing an additional risk for microvascular complications in diabetes. Calcitriol supplementation to diabetics with vitamin D deficiency could potentially be useful in the management of or as an adjunct to diabetes-related cardiovascular complications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mesenteric Arteries/drug effects; Mesenteric Arteries/enzymology; Mesenteric Arteries/physiopathology
  20. Outcome Analysis of Surgical Clipping for Incidental Internal Carotid Posterior Communicating and Anterior Choroidal Artery Aneurysms
    Mohammad AA, Yasuhiro Y, Seng LB, Rajagopal N, Yoko K
    Asian J Neurosurg, 2019 5 31;14(2):415-421.
    PMID: 31143255 DOI: 10.4103/ajns.AJNS_155_18
    Introduction: Surgical outcome and ischemic complications of Internal carotid Posterior Communicating (IC PC) and anterior choroidal aneurysms have been questionable due to frequent occlusion of the anterior choroid artery and also due to low incidence of true anterior choroid artery aneurysms. The present series describes the postoperative outcome after clipping of such aneurysms at a single centre.

    Methods: A retrospective analysis of 73 cases with IC PC and Anterior choroidal aneurysms performed at a Fujita Health University, Banbuntane Hotokukai Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan from 2014 to 2018 have been studied and emphasis is made on the demography and ischemic complications.

    Results: A total of 73 patients with IC PC and anterior choroidal aneurysms were studied, out of which 57 patient had a true IC PC aneurysm, 14 patients had aneurysms involving the anterior choroidal artery and only 2 patients had aneurysms which involved both the IC PC and the anterior choroidal arteries. None of the patients had a permanent Anterior Choroidal Artery syndrome, whereas only 2 out of the 73 patients had postoperative complications in the form of transient hemiparesis.

    Conclusion: Ischemic complications following surgical clipping of IC PC and anterior choroidal aneurysms can be minimised by meticulous micro dissection to identify the anterior choroidal artery thus preserving the patency of the same.

    Matched MeSH terms: Cerebral Arteries
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