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Fulltext Antioxidative properties of an extract of Hygrocybe conica, a wild edible mushroom

Khoo, H.E., Chong, E.L., Sia, C.M., Chang, S.K., Yim, H.S.

Malays J Nutr, 2014;20(1):101-111.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Hygrocybe conica (HC), a wild mushroom commonly consumed by the indigenous people (Orang Asli) in Peninsular Malaysia, was assessed for its antioxidant content. Methods: The HC mushroom was extracted using distilled water and the crude extract partitioned using different solvents and open column chromatography to evaluate its potential antioxidant properties. The mushroom extract was partitioned using liquid-liquid extraction into the hexane (Fl), chloroform (F2), butanol (F3) and formic acid (F4) fractions. Based on solvent polarity, the water extract of the mushroom was fractionated into non-polar (FI), semi-polar (Fii), and polar fractions (Fiii) using open column chromato graphy. Antioxidant capacities were determined using DPPH, ABTS, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays while Folin-Ciocalteu reagent assay was used to determine total phenolic content (TPC). Results: The HC extract had the highest TPC and DPPH scavenging capacity compared to its extract fractions. TE values (ABTS assay) of F2 and F4 were not significantly higher than the HC extract. Among the extract fractions of different polarities, Fiii had the highest antioxidant capacities (DPPH and FRAP) compared to FI and Fii while FRAP values of these fractions were not significantly lower than the FRAP value of HC extract. The HC extract had significantly lower antioxidant capacity than antioxidant standards (ascorbic acid and BHA). Tannie acid as the main bioactive component in HC mushroom was detected using HPLC method. The presence of phenolics in HC extract was also confirmed using TLC. Conclusion: Due to the presence of potent phenolic components, the mycelia of HC could be consumed for potential antioxidative benefits.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Fulltext Sodium intake among normotensive health staff assessed by 24-hour urinary excretion: a cross-sectional study

Rashidah, A., Yeo, P.S., Noor Ani, A., Muhammad Fadhli, M.Y., Tahir, A., Feisul Idzwan, M., et al.

Malays J Nutr, 2014;20(3):317-326.
MyJurnal

Introduction: High sodium consumption over an extended period of time has been associated with hypertension, stroke, cardiovascular disease, renal damage, and other adverse health effects. This study aimed to determine urinary sodium excretion and consequently estimate dietary sodium consumption among normotensive health staff in Malaysia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to acquire data on sodium excretion among normotensive Ministry of Health staff aged 20 - 56 years (mean age 35.08, SD 9.78) in 14 states and a research institute. Respondents were recruited using quota sampling. Data collection was conducted from December 2011 to February 2012. A single urine sample was collected over 24 hours for sodium concentrations and calculated as 95.0% of total daily sodium intake. Results: Among the 471 enrolled respondents, 445 (94.0%) provided complete information on socio-demography and urine samples. Mean urine sodium excretion was 142.0 mmol/day (SD 71.7), which is equivalent to 3429 mg sodium/day or 8.7 gm of salt intake (1.75 teaspoon, which exceeds the Malaysian recommendation of 2000 mg sodium/day by 1.7 times. About 79.0% (n=353) of respondents (88.0% male and 73.0% female) had daily sodium consumption that was above the recommendation. Excretion was significantly higher among males at 161.7 mmol/day (SD 78.1) (3726 mg sodium/day) than females, 125.3 mmolfday (SD 61.1) (2875 mg/day). There was a positive, low correlation between BMl and sodium intake (r=0.216, p

Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure
Catharanthus roseus Aqueous Extract is Cytotoxic to Jurkat Leukaemic T-cells but Induces the Proliferation of Normal Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells

Ahmad NH, Rahim RA, Mat I

Trop Life Sci Res, 2010 Dec;21(2):101-13.
PMID: 24575203

Research on natural products has been widely used as a strategy to discover new drugs with potential for applications in complementary medicines because they have fewer side effects than conventional drugs. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxic effects of crude aqueous Catharanthus roseus extract on Jurkat cells and normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The aqueous extract was standardised to vinblastine by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and was used to determine cytotoxicity by the MTS [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium] assay. DNA fragmentation assay was employed to determine if cell death was due to apoptosis. The results showed that the aqueous extract induced cell death of Jurkat cells at 24, 48 and 72 hours post-treatment in a time- and dose-dependent manner. However, cells treated at 48 and 72 hours produced higher cytotoxic effects with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 2.55 μg/ml and 2.38 μg/ml, respectively. In contrast, the extract induced normal PBMC proliferation, especially after 24 hours treatment with 1000 μg/ml. This result indicates that the C. roseus crude aqueous extract showed differential effects of inhibiting the proliferation of the Jurkat cell line and promoting the growth of PBMCs. These data suggest that the extract may be applicable for modulating the normal and transformed immune cells in leukaemia patients.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Fulltext Ascorbate peroxidase activity of Aranda Broga Blue orchid protocorm-like bodies (plbs) in response to PVS2 cryopreservation method

Khor, Soo Ping, Rahmad Zakaria, Subramaniam, Sreeramanan

Trop Life Sci Res, 2016;27(11):139-143.
MyJurnal

Throughout the cryopreservation process, plants were exposed to a series of
abiotic stresses such as desiccation and osmotic pressure due to highly concentrated
vitrification solution. Abiotic stress stimulates the production of reactive oxygen species
(ROS) which include hydrogen peroxide, superoxide radicals, and singlet oxygen. Higher
production of ROS may lead to oxidative stress which contributes to the major injuries in
cryopreserved explants. Antioxidant enzymes in plant such as ascorbate peroxidase
(APX) can protect plants from cell damage by scavenging the free radicals. This study was
determined based on APX enzyme activity of Aranda Broga Blue orchid’s protocorm-like
bodies (PLBs) in response to PVS2 (Plant Vitrification Solution 2) cryopreservation
treatments at different stages. PLBs that were precultured at 0.25 M sucrose for 3 days
were subjected to vitrification cryopreservation method. Results obtained showed that the
highest APX activity was achieved at PVS2 cryoprotectant treatment prior liquid nitrogen
(LN) storage. This phenomenon indicating that accumulation of osmotic and dehydrating
stress throughout the cryopreservation treatment resulted in oxidative burst which in turn
leads to higher APX activity in order to control the excess production of ROS. To
conclude, PVS2 treatment was revealed as the most detrimental step throughout
cryopreservation treatment. Thus, this research also suggested that exogenous
antioxidant such as ascorbic acid can be added throughout cryopreservation procedure
especially at PVS2 treatment in the future experiments to aid in regrowth of cryopreserved
explants by reducing oxidative stress.

Matched MeSH terms: Osmotic Pressure
Fulltext Relationship between Ganoderma Ergosterol Concentration and Basal Stem Rot Disease Progress on Elaeis guineensis

Md Saad M, Ali NS, Meon S

Trop Life Sci Res, 2020 Apr;31(1):19-43.
PMID: 32963709 DOI: 10.21315/tlsr2020.31.1.2

Basal stem rot (BSR) is a devastating disease to Malaysian oil palm. Current techniques employed for BSR disease detection on oil palm are laborious, time consuming, costly, and subjected to accuracy limitations. An ergosterol detection method was developed, whereby it correlated well with the degree of infection in oil palm. This current study was designed to study the relationship between Ganoderma biomass, ergosterol concentration, BSR disease progress and to validate the efficiency of microwave assisted extraction (MAE) method for extraction of ergosterol compound. In addition, testing on the sensitivity of thin layer chromatography (TLC) analysis for detection of ergosterol was also the aim of this study. The optimised procedure involved extracting a small amount of Ganoderma-infected oil palm root tissues suspended in low volumes of solvent followed by irradiation in a conventional microwave oven at 70°C and medium high power for 30 s, resulting in simultaneous extraction and saponification. Based on the results obtained, MAE method may be effective in extracting low to high yields of ergosterol from infected oil palm roots demonstrating disease scale 2, 3 and 4. Positive relationship was observed between ergosterol content and inoculation period starting day 3 in the inoculated oil palm seedlings and hour 6 in germinated seeds. TLC analysis demonstrated a good correlation with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) quantification. Therefore, a semi-quantitative TLC analysis may be applied for handling a large amount of samples during onset field survey.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Simultaneous determination of artesunic acid and dihydroartemisinin in blood plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography for application in clinical pharmacological studies

Navaratnam V, Mordi MN, Mansor SM

J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl, 1997 Apr 25;692(1):157-62.
PMID: 9187395

A selective reproducible high-performance liquid chromatographic assay for the simultaneous quantitative determination of the antimalarial compound artesunic acid (ARS), dihydroartemisinin (DQHS) and artemisinin (QHS), as internal standard, is described. After extraction from plasma, ARS and DQHS were analysed using an Econosil C8 column and a mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.05 M acetic acid (42:58, v/v) adjusted to pH 5.0 and electrochemical detection in the reductive mode. The mean recovery of ARS and DQHS over a concentration range of 50-200 ng/ml was 75.5% and 93.5%, respectively. The within-day coefficients of variation were 4.2-7.4% for ARS and 2.6-4.9% for DQHS. The day-to-day coefficients of variation were 1.6-9.6% and 0.5-8.3%, respectively. The minimum detectable concentration for ARS and DQHS in plasma was 4.0 ng/ml for both compounds. The method was found to be suitable for use in clinical pharmacological studies.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Changes in Phenolic Compounds Profiles in Tea Extracts and the Composition of these Phenolic Compounds in Yogurt

Shori AB, Muniandy P, Baba AS

Recent Pat Food Nutr Agric, 2021;12(1):36-44.
PMID: 33231153 DOI: 10.2174/2212798411999201123205022

BACKGROUND: Green, white, and black tea water extracts are rich in phenolic compounds.
OBJECTIVE: The changes in phenolic compound profiles of green, white, and black tea (GT, WT, & BT respectively) water extracts and their respective yogurt were investigated.
METHODS: Three types of yogurt with tea water extracts were prepared, and the phenolic compound profiles were analyzed using the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method.
RESULTS: The present data found that flavonol glycosides such as kaempferol-3-rutinoside and quercetin-rhamnosylgalactoside or rutinoside were present in WT extract, whereas catechin derivatives such as gallocatechin (GC) and epigallocatechin (EGC) were present in GT extract. Moreover, theaflavin-3-O-gallate was observed in BT extract. Many of the catechin and its derivatives detected in the tea extracts were not identified in the tea yogurt samples. However, new phenolic compounds were present in GT-yogurt (i.e., kaempferol-3-rutinoside and quinic acid conjugate) but absent in GT extract.
CONCLUSION: GT, WT, & BT extracts could be used to enriched-yogurt with phenolic compounds, which may have antioxidant properties.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Fulltext Production of talc nanosheets via fine grinding and sonication processes

Palaniandy, Samayamutthirian, Noorina Hidayu Jamil, Khairun Azizi Mohd Azizli, Syed Fuad Saiyid Hashim, Hashim Hussin

Journal of Nuclear and Related Technologies, 2009;2009(1):255-265.
MyJurnal

Fine grinding of high purity talc in jet mill at low grinding pressure was carried out by varying the feed rate and classifier rotational speed. These ground particles were sonicated in laboratory ultrasonic bath by varying the soniction period at five levels. The ground and sonicated particles were characterized in terms of particle size and particle size distribution. Mechanochemical and sonochemical effect of talc was determine via X-ray diffraction. Particle shape and surface texture of the ground and sonicated product was determined via scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope. The ground particle size exhibited particle size below 10 µm with narrow size distribution. The reduction of peak intensity in (002) plane indicated the layered structure has been distorted. The sonicated talc shows that the thickness of the talc particles after the sonication process is 20 nm but the lateral particle size still remains in micron range. The reduction of the XRD peak intensity for (002) plane and thickness of sonicated talc as shown in SEM and TEM micrographs proves that fine grinding and sonication process produces talc nanosheets.

Matched MeSH terms: Pressure
Fulltext Study the properties of dense hydroxyapatite-extract from cow bone

Sri Asliza, M.A., Zaheruddin, K., Shahrizal, H.

Journal of Nuclear and Related Technologies, 2009;2009(1):175-182.
MyJurnal

In this study, natural Hydroxyapatite (HA) was extracted from clean cow bone by treatment with NaOH and heating at high temperature before ground into fine powder. The HA powder were than mixed together with binder for several hours. Dense HA were formed in die steel mould by using uniaxially pressing method. Sample was sintered at different temperature 1150, 1200, 1250 and 1300°C for several hours. The phases of specimen were identified using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The mechanical properties were analyzed using three-point bending testing and the microstructure was observed by scanning electron microscopy. From XRD results, natural HA shows phase of pure HA up to 1250 o C and fracture strength results indicated that the mechanical properties of specimen increase as temperature increase. From microstructure observation using SEM, HA specimen shows initial stages of sintering process at temperature 1150°C and show changes in microstructure evolution as temperature increase up to 1300°C.

Matched MeSH terms: Pressure
Fulltext An exotic fruit with high nutritional value: Kadsura coccinea fruit

Sun, J., Jiang, Y., Amin, I., Li, Z., Prasad, K.N., Duan, X., et al.

International Food Research Journal, 2011;18(2):651-657.
MyJurnal

This research was to determine nutritional composition, essential and toxic elemental content, and major phenolic acid with antioxidant activity in Kadsura coccinea fruit. The results indicated that Kadsura coccinea fruit exhibited the high contents of total protein, total fat, ash and essential elements such as calcium (Ca), ferrum (Fe) and phosphorus (P). The levels of four common toxic elements, i.e. cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As) and lead (Pb), were lower than legal limits. By high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, gallic acid was identified as major phenolic acid in peel and pulp tissues. Its contents were no significant difference in both tissues. In comparison with two commercial antioxidants, the major phenolic acid extracted from Kadsura coccinea exhibited stronger 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical-scavenging activity and reducing power. Kadsura coccinea fruit is a good source of nutrition and natural antioxidant. It is worthwhile to popularize this exotic fruit around the world.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Fulltext Comparison of cardiovascular responses between remifentanil and fentanyl on laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation in patients undergoing elective surgery

Lai, S.C., Choy, Y.C.

Journal of Surgical Academia, 2014;4(1):20-25.
MyJurnal

This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind study comparing the effect of remifentanil and fentanyl on cardiovascular responses from laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation. Forty-four ASA I or II patients aged between 18-65 yrs scheduled for elective surgery under general anaesthesia, were recruited and randomized into two groups. Each patient in Group R received remifentanil of 0.5 mcg/kg bolus over 30 seconds followed by an infusion of 0.25 mcg/kg/min and each patient in Group F received fentanyl of 2 mcg/kg bolus over 30 seconds followed by an infusion of normal saline. Anaesthesia was then induced with propofol, rocuronium and 2% sevoflurane with 100% oxygen. Cardiovascular changes were recorded every minute for 3 minutes after induction and 5 minutes after tracheal intubation. The heart rate remained stable throughout the induction and intubation period in both groups. None of the patients in the remifentanil group develop bradycardia. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were significantly lower in the fentanyl group at the 3rd minute post-induction and 5th minute post- intubation (p < 0.05). Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in the fentanyl group was significantly lower at the 2nd and 3rd minute post-induction and 4th and 5th minute post-intubation (p < 0.05). The blood pressure remained stable for the remifentanil group throughout the induction and intubation period. Six patients (27.2%) in the fentanyl group and one patient (4.5%) in the remifentanil group experienced hypertension. Three patients (13.7%) from each group experienced hypotensive episodes. In conclusion, remifentanil 0.5 mcg/kg bolus followed by 0.25 mcg/kg/min infusion resulted in SBP, MAP and DBP remained slightly lower than baseline throughout the whole period but still consider stable, as these changes were not statistically significant.

Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure
Fulltext Tube-cornea touch following an ahmed valve implantation in a patient with congenital rubella syndrome: a case report

Ooi, Edwin I.L., Safinaz, M.K., Ropilah, A.R

Journal of Surgical Academia, 2014;4(2):53-55.
MyJurnal

This was a 28-year-old mentally-challenged girl with underlying congenital Rubella syndrome. She was bilaterally aphakic after congenital cataract surgery. She then developed bilateral aphakic glaucoma and had to undergo multiple glaucoma filtering surgeries. The most recent procedure she had undergone for her left eye was a second Ahmed valve implantation with an overlying sclera patch. Postoperatively, intraocular pressure was well controlled. However, nine months later, slit lamp examination revealed the tube was adherent to the overlying cornea with surrounding deep and superficial cornea vascularization. Siedel test was negative and intraocular pressure was normal. Subsequently the tube was removed but the plate was left in situ.

Matched MeSH terms: Intraocular Pressure
Fulltext Screening for thalassaemia among group of students of a higher institution – our experience

Norlelawati, A.T., Siti Hadijah, M., Siti Nor Haiza, H., Rusmawati, I., Abdul Wahab, J., Naznin, M., et al.

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2011;10(1):3-6.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Thalassaemia is an inherited blood disorder and is a significant public health alarm in Malaysia with many not knowing they are carriers of this haemoglobin disorders. Materials and methods: This study conducted a one off collection of blood samples from 72 Malays students of International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) in Kuantan. Blood samples were subjected to conventional haemoglobin analyses that include full blood count and picture, HPLC, Haemoglobin electrophoresis and H-inclusion test. All samples were also genotyped for alpha thalassaemia–1 of Southeast Asia (a-Thal1SEA). Result: There were 17(23.6%) students who were diagnosed as thalassaemia carriers. Out of this, four (5.5 %) and six (8.3 %) students were presumptive β-thalassaemia trait and Haemoglobin-E trait as determined by the HPLC assay respectively. Nine (12.5%) students were genotyped a-Thal1SEA among whom two were also β-thalassaemia carriers. All thalassaemia cases had MCH of < 27pg. Nonetheless, two out of six Haemoglobin-E trait and three out of nine a-Thal1SEA carrier had MCV value of >80fL. Two out of four (50%) presumptive β -thalassaemia trait and one out of six (17%) students of presumptive Haemoglobin-E trait had family history of thalassaemia respectively. Conclusion: The high occurrence of the three common types of thalassaemia carrier (β, Hb-E and a-Thal1SEA thalassaemia) in our small group of subjects could be due to better participation of students who had family history of thalassaemia. The study reaffirmed the importance of molecular study for detection of alpha-thalassaemia and the use of MCH value of

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Fulltext Enucleation for haemophthalmus secondary to choroidal neovascularisation in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy: a therapeutic and diagnostic dilemma

Azmi NA, Ahem A, Mustapha M, Bastion MC

BMJ Case Rep, 2016 Sep 28;2016.
PMID: 27681348 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2016-215987

We report a case of enucleation for painful blind eye secondary to recurrent bleeding from choroidal neovascularisation in an eye that was irradiated following presumed metastatic breast carcinoma to the choroid. A 58-year-old woman with a history of treated breast malignancy presented with haemophthalmus and intractable glaucoma in the right eye. One year previously she had presented with right vitreous haemorrhage with subretinal mass that had been irradiated given her history of breast carcinoma. Following irradiation, vitrectomy was performed to clear the blood. Intraoperative and postoperative angiography findings suggested a diagnosis of breakthrough bleeding secondary to polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy. At this presentation, however, the intraocular bleeding was recurrent resulting in elevated intraocular pressure and pain. Despite repeat surgery and medical therapy, the eye had to be enucleated. Histopathology showed choroidal neovascularisation.

Matched MeSH terms: Intraocular Pressure
Determination of radical scavenging activity and Vitamin A, C and E in organically grown Red Pitaya (Hylocereus sp.)

Mohd Adzim Khalili, R.,, Norhayati, A.H., Rokiah,M. Y., Asmah, R., Siti Muskinah, M., Abdul Manaf, A.

International Food Research Journal, 2010;17(2):405-409.
MyJurnal

This study was conducted to determine radical scavenging activity and vitamin antioxidant composition in red pitaya from organic plantation. For antioxidant vitamins analysis, a reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography was used and radical scavenging activity of methanolic and water extract were determined using 1,1-diphenyl-2-pircrylhydrazyl assay. Results for radical scavenging activity, red pitaya methanolic extract achieved the highest percentage 70.13% compared with water extract (47.13%). Antioxidant vitamins composition in red pitaya showed that the concentration of vitamin A is 120.13 ± 0.69 μg/100 g freeze-dried sample, vitamin C is 540.27 ± 0.59 μg/100 g fresh samples and vitamin E is 105.67 ± 0.56 μg/100 g freeze-dried samples. This shows that red pitaya may become an alternative and potential source of natural antioxidant.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Fulltext Effect of solvent extraction on antioxidant and antibacterial activities from Quercus infectoria (Manjakani)

Nur Syukriah, A.R., Liza, M.S., Harisun, Y., Fadzillah, A.A.M.

International Food Research Journal, 2014;21(3):1067-1073.
MyJurnal

Bioactive compounds from Quercus Infectoria (manjakani) were extracted with six different types of solvents: 100% methanol, ethanol, acetone, aqueous and 70% methanol and ethanol. High Performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to identify and quantify the active compounds, namely gallic acid and tannic acid. Total phenolics content were determined by Folin-Ciocalteu while antioxidant and antibacterial activity were tested using DPPH free radicals scavenging and disc diffusion assay. The result revealed that aqueous extract contained the highest concentration of bioactive compounds compared to other types of solvents which are 51.14 mg/g sample and 1332.88 mg/g sample of gallic acid and tannic acid respectively.. The highest level of phenolic compound was found in 100% acetone extract (121 mg GAE/g). The results demonstrated that aqueous extract gives the highest antioxidant activity approximately 94.55% while acetone extract gives the largest inhibition zone for disc diffusion assay which is 19.00 mm respectively. The results revealed rich sources of gallic acid and tannic acid in Q. infectoria which might provide a novel source of these natural antioxidant and antibacterial activity.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Fulltext Determination of types of fat ingredient in some commercial biscuit formulations

Yanty, N.A.M., Marikkar, J.M.N., Abdulkarim, S.M.

International Food Research Journal, 2014;21(1):277-282.
MyJurnal

A study was carried out to compare the composition and thermal profiles of the fat component of six brands of commercial biscuits (BA, BB, BC, BD, BE & BF) with those of lard and palm oil. Extraction of fat from biscuit samples was done using petroleum ether according to the soxhlet extraction procedure. The isolated fat samples along with lard and palm oil were analyzed using gas liquid chromatography (GLC), reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). According to GLC analysis, palm oil, lard and all six biscuit brands had either palmitic or oleic acid as major fatty acids. Sn-2 positional analysis of fatty acids showed that oleic (> 60%) as the most dominant fatty acid of palm oil and biscuit brands BA, BB, BC, and BD while palmitic (> 60%) as the most dominant fatty acid of lard and biscuit brands BE and BF. RP-HPLC analysis showed that the triacylglycerol (TAG) profiles of lard and biscuit brands BE and BF were closely similar while those of brands BA, BB, BC, and BD and palm oil were similar. DSC analysis showed that the cooling and heating profiles of lard and brands BE and BF were similar, while those of palm oil and brands BA, BB, BC, and BD were similar. Hence, this study concluded that biscuit brands BE and BF are not suitable for consumers whose religious restriction prohibit the use of lard as food ingredient.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Fulltext Amount and types of sugars in selected commercial and traditional kuih in Klang Valley, Malaysia

Sharifah Azizah, T.N., Nik Shanita, S., Hasnah, H.

International Food Research Journal, 2015;22(6):2642-2649.
MyJurnal

The aim of this study was to determine the specific content and type of sugars in selected commercial and traditional kuih in Klang Valley. The selection of the kuih was based on the validated Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) for sugar. The selected commercial kuih was doughnut coated with sugar (Big Apple) while the ten traditional kuih samples consisted of kuih bingka ubi, kuih kasui, kuih keria, kuih koci, kuih lapis, kuih lopes, kuih onde-onde, kuih sagu, kuih seri muka and kuih talam. The doughnut coated with sugar (Big Apple) was purchased from Big Apple Donuts and Coffee franchise at two different locations, while the traditional kuih were randomly bought from stalls, cafeterias and restaurants around Kuala Lumpur and Rawang. The types and amount of sugar were determined using High Performance High Chromatography (HPLC) with a refractive index (RI) detector. Results showed that doughnut coated with sugar (Big Apple) has the highest starch content (22.6±0.3 g/100g) and kuih keria contained the highest available carbohydrate (41.5±1.7 g/100g), comprising of 24.2±2.4 g/100g total sugar and 17.3±0.7 g/100g of starch. The least available carbohydrate content was found in kuih talam (20.0±0.5 g/100g), which was 50% lower than the one in kuih keria. Major individual sugars detected in all kuih samples were consisted of sucrose (60.0%), glucose (16.2%), fructose (14.0%), maltose (9.5%) and lactose (0.3%). Majority of the kuih samples (90.9%) in this study can be categorized as medium sugar while only kuih keria was categorized as high sugar. Based on the two main ingredients (sugar and flour) used in the preparation of kuih, results showed that all kuih samples can be categorized as medium sugarmedium starch. In conclusion, this study served as a guideline by locals in selecting kuih of
different sugar levels.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Fulltext Negative pressure wound therapy: Has it made a revolution in wound management?

Al-Shaham, Ali Abbas Hadi, Al-Shaham, Serene Ali, Jerjess, Mustafa

Medical Health Reviews, 2009;2009(1):3-13.
MyJurnal

Negative pressure if applied in topical manner to a wound surface has been reported to enhance wound healing due to increase in local blood flow, reduction of tissue oedema, and by stimulating angiogenesis. An air-tight film covering the wound is connected by suction tube to a control unit by which negative pressure is applied to the surface of the wound in the range of 80-125 mm Hg. This method has been called negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) or vacuum assisted closure (VAC). It has been recommended for virtually all kinds of complex wounds. The duration of the therapy varies from several days to several months. This technology promotes formation of granulation tissue, enhances healing of diabetic foot, and significantly reduces the size of the acute and chronic wounds and ulcers. It lowers the morbidity of Fournier’s gangrene, ensures better healing of lower limb wounds and ulcer of ischemic origin, and can serve as temporary wound cover when no closure technique is available. The limitations to using NPWT are presence of dead tissue, exposed vital structures, untreated osteomyelitis, unexplored fistulae and malignant wounds. The cost of the equipment may constitute another factor in limiting the use of this new technology. In conclusion the NPWT under certain circumstances is more effective than other available local wound treatments.

Matched MeSH terms: Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy
Fulltext Anti-hypertensive effect of pink guava (Psidium guajava) puree on spontaneous hypertensive rats

Ayub, M.Y., Norazmir, M.N., Mamot, S., Jeeven, K., Hadijah, H.

International Food Research Journal, 2010;17(1):89-96.
MyJurnal

The objective of this study was to determine the physicochemical properties of pink guava (Psidium guajava) puree and its anti-hypertensive effect on Spontaneous Hypertensive Rats (SHR). Antioxidant activities of pink guava puree in water and ethanol extracts, based on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, were 1.43±0.04 mg/gfm and 0.28±0.01 mg/gfm, respectively. A total of 24 male SHRs were divided into a control group, CG, and 3 treatment dosage groups [low dose group, LDG (0.5 g/kg body weight/day), medium dose group, MDG (1.0 g/kg body weight/day), and high dose group, HDG (2.0 g/kg body weight/day)]. Final body weights for treatment dosage groups were lower [MDG (313.01±31.25 g), HDG (318.56±17.96 g), LDG (320.01±22.70 g)] compared to CG (331.08±41.29 g). Final systolic blood pressure values from the beginning and the end of the experiment in MDG and HDG were 231-179 mmHg and 246-169mm Hg, respectively. These results were significantly lower when compared with CG (241-223 mmHg) from the beginning until the end of the experiment. As a conclusion, these results showed that pink guava puree has anti-hypertensive properties.

Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure

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