MyMedR

Jumaat BH, Dahalan A, Mohamad M

Am J Ophthalmol, 2003 Feb;135(2):254-6.

PURPOSE: To report a case of choroidal osteoma presenting with massive subretinal hemorrhage not associated with choroidal neovascularisation (CNV).

DESIGN: Case report.

METHODS: An 18-year-old man presented with sudden loss of vision in the right eye following competitive swimming. He was found to have a massive subretinal hemorrhage involving the macula.

RESULTS: Following resolution of the hemorrhage, the patient was found to have an underlying choroidal osteoma. There was no evidence of choroidal neovascularisation clinically and angiographically. He regained his normal vision.

CONCLUSIONS: Choroidal osteoma presenting with massive subretinal hemorrhage not associated with underlying choroidal neovascularization need not result in poor visual outcome.

Matched MeSH terms: Choroid Neoplasms/diagnosis; Osteoma/diagnosis; Retinal Hemorrhage/diagnosis

Fulltext Appendicitis following blunt abdominal trauma

Ramesh G, Ho PW, Ng KL, Jegan T

Med J Malaysia, 2002 Mar;57(1):123-4.

PMID: 14569731

A young boy presented with history of abdominal trauma. History and initial clinical findings suggested a soft tissue injury. Due to increasing abdominal pain and fever, we proceeded with an exploratory laparotomy with a diagnosis of intra-abdominal injury, at which we found a perforated appendix. Appendicitis following blunt abdominal trauma needs high index of suspicion.

Matched MeSH terms: Abdominal Injuries/diagnosis; Appendicitis/diagnosis*; Wounds, Nonpenetrating/diagnosis

The masquerades of female pelvic tuberculosis: case reports and review of literature on clinical presentations and diagnosis

Chow TW, Lim BK, Vallipuram S

J Obstet Gynaecol Res, 2002 Aug;28(4):203-10.

PMID: 12452262

In this review, tuberculosis of the genital tract was diagnosed retrospectively in 11 females over 15 years. The presentations of nine cases are described. Seven of the nine cases presented with ascites, vague abdominal distension, weight loss and were misdiagnosed as ovarian carcinoma. Eight women had no relevant past history. A review on clinical presentations and diagnosis of pelvic tuberculosis is presented. We conclude that although the incidence of tuberculosis is uncommon in developed countries, its prevalence appears to be increasing worldwide. Therefore, clinicians should consider tuberculosis as a differential diagnosis when encountering clinical presentations of pelvic mass and ascites.

Matched MeSH terms: Diagnosis, Differential; Ovarian Neoplasms/diagnosis; Tuberculosis, Female Genital/diagnosis*

Unusual clinical features of foetal alcohol syndrome

Chaudhuri JD

J Indian Med Assoc, 2002 Feb;100(2):107-8, 110.

PMID: 12206352

Foetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a collection of signs and symptoms seen in children of women who consume alcohol during pregnancy. With the increasing incidence of FAS, there is a great variation of its clinical features different from that described in the standard textbooks. This article aims to report on the unusual clinical features of FAS. It also aims to explain the mechanism of action of alcohol as a teratogenic agent.

Matched MeSH terms: Abnormalities, Multiple/diagnosis*; Eye Abnormalities/diagnosis; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders/diagnosis*

Nipah-virus encephalitis--investigation of a new infection

Farrar JJ

Lancet, 1999 Oct 9;354(9186):1222-3.

PMID: 10520625

Matched MeSH terms: Diagnosis, Differential; Paramyxoviridae Infections/diagnosis; Encephalitis, Viral/diagnosis

Odontogenic keratocyst with dentinoid formation

Ng KH, Siar CH

Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 2003 May;95(5):601-6.

PMID: 12738952

Although rare, hard tissue deposits, namely dystrophic calcifications and cartilage, have been reported to occur in the connective tissue wall of the odontogenic keratocyst. However, dentinoid formation has not been previously documented. A case involving the left mandibular premolar-molar region in a 37-year-old Malay male is described here along with a brief review on the reported prevalence of hard tissue deposits in the odontogenic keratocyst. Differential diagnosis of this case from other dentinoid-forming odontogenic cysts and tumors-notably calcifying odontogenic cyst, odontoma, ameloblastic fibro-odontoma, central odontogenic fibroma and adenomatoid odontogenic tumor that may present with dentin/dentinoid formation-is discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Diagnosis, Differential; Odontogenic Tumors/diagnosis; Odontoma/diagnosis

Sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock in paediatric multiple organ dysfunction syndrome

Goh A, Lum L

J Paediatr Child Health, 1999 Oct;35(5):488-92.

PMID: 10571765

OBJECTIVES: To determine the association between severity of sepsis with outcome and severity of illness in children with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS).

MATERIALS: Four hundred and ninety-five consecutive paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admissions were analysed. multiple organ dysfunction syndrome was defined as simultaneous dysfunction of >/= 2 organ system and sepsis by the American College of Chest Physicians and Society of Critical Care Medicine Consensus Conference definition.

RESULTS: Eighty-four patients developed MODS. The incidence of sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock in these patients was 10.7%, 23.8% and 17.9%, respectively. Worsening categories of sepsis were associated with: (1) a higher mean admission Paediatric Risk of Mortality (PRISM II): 36.6 +/- 25.9, 56.8 +/- 32.1 and 73.6 +/- 28.5%, respectively (P = 0. 005), (2) a larger number of organ dysfunctions: mean MODS index of 37%, 46% and 58%, respectively (P = 0.007), and (3) a higher mortality: 22.2%, 65% and 80%, respectively (P = 0.03).

CONCLUSION: Presence of sepsis, severe sepsis and septic shock was associated with an increasing severity of illness, increased number of organ dysfunctions and a distinct risk of mortality among critically ill children.

Matched MeSH terms: Multiple Organ Failure/diagnosis*; Shock, Septic/diagnosis*; Sepsis/diagnosis*

Recurrent abdominal pain in Malaysian children: clinical profiles and outcome

Boey CC, Goh KL

Dig Liver Dis, 2001 4 17;33(1):83-4.

PMID: 11303982

Matched MeSH terms: Duodenal Ulcer/diagnosis; Gastritis/diagnosis; Helicobacter Infections/diagnosis

Fulltext Spontaneous rectus sheath haematoma in pregnancy

Ramzisham ARM, Sagap I, Ismail AM

Med J Malaysia, 2003 Mar;58(1):125-7.

PMID: 14556338

Bleeding into the rectus sheath is an uncommon but a well-recognised condition that mimics several other diagnoses of acute abdomen. A wide range of etiology has been proposed in association with this condition. It is often self-limiting, but can lead to unnecessary laparotomy if the diagnosis is not recognised.

Matched MeSH terms: Hematoma/diagnosis*; Pregnancy Complications/diagnosis*; Abdominal Pain/diagnosis*

Fulltext Leukaemia cutis presenting as leonine facies

Fadilah SAW, Alawiyah AAR, Amir MAL, Cheong SK

Med J Malaysia, 2003 Mar;58(1):102-4.

PMID: 14556333

Acute leukaemia may rarely present as diffuse papules, nodules and plaques forming leonine facies. Leukaemia cutis generally carries a poor prognosis, and responds less well to chemotherapy. We described a case of acute myelomonocytic leukaemia presenting as leonine facies as a result of extensive cutaneous infiltration. The patient did not achieve haematological remission following standard induction chemotherapy and succumbed 6 weeks after the diagnosis was made.

Matched MeSH terms: Facial Dermatoses/diagnosis*; Leukemia/diagnosis*; Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute/diagnosis*

Fulltext Optic neuritis and retinal vasculitis as primary manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus

Barkeh HJ, Muhaya M

Med J Malaysia, 2002 Dec;57(4):490-2.

PMID: 12733176

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a common multisystem disorder. However, retinal vasculitis as a primary manifestation of SLE is uncommon, accounting for only 4% of causes of retinal vasculitis. The postulated mechanism appeared to be vaso-occlusion of the retinal arterioles by thrombosis, with resultant ischaemia. Optic neuropathy in SLE is also rare, with a prevalence of 1%. This is a case report of a young lady who presented to us with retinal vasculitis as her initial presentation of SLE. Interestingly, the pathologic mechanism appeared to be inflammatory and not vaso-occlusive.

Matched MeSH terms: Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/diagnosis*; Optic Neuritis/diagnosis*; Retinal Vasculitis/diagnosis*

Acute leukaemia masquerading as acute abdomen

S Abdul Wahid F, Cheong SK, Azman Ali R

Hosp Med, 2002 Jun;63(6):372-3.

PMID: 12096671 DOI: 10.12968/hosp.2002.63.6.2011

Matched MeSH terms: Diagnosis, Differential; Leukemia, Myeloid/diagnosis; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/diagnosis

Fulltext The prevalence of HIV positive antenatal mothers in a routine screening programme in two states

Japaraj RP, Sivalingam N

Med J Malaysia, 2001 Jun;56(2):180-5.

PMID: 11771078

This is a retrospective study of the prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) positive mothers in two states in Malaysia i.e., Perak and Negeri Sembilan since the introduction of the HIV screening programme in antenatal mothers. The study period was from 1/9/97 to 1/9/99. A total of 29 HIV positive antenatal mothers were detected (21 from Perak and 8 from Negeri Sembilan) throughout the study period. Out of the 21 HIV positive mothers from Perak, 8 (38%) were foreign nationals whereas only 1 (12%) out of the 8 from Negeri Sembilan was a foreign national. The main risk factor identified in both the groups was multiple sexual partners. The vertical transmission rates for the patients from Perak were 14.2% and 37.5% in Negeri Sembilan. There was no significant short-term adverse obstetric outcome.

Matched MeSH terms: Prenatal Diagnosis*; HIV Infections/diagnosis

Fulltext Meconium peritonitis: prenatal diagnosis and postnatal management--a case report

Ramesh JC, Chow TWP, Yik YI, Ramanujam TM

Med J Malaysia, 1999 Dec;54(4):528-30.

PMID: 11072477

The management of a case of antenatally diagnosed meconium peritonitis (MP) due to intrauterine intestinal perforation secondary to bowel atresia is reported. The literature is reviewed with reference to the significance and outcome of antenatally diagnosed MP.

Matched MeSH terms: Peritonitis/diagnosis*; Prenatal Diagnosis*

Sarcoid-like foreign body reaction in body piercing: a report of two cases

Ng KH, Siar CH, Ganesapillai T

Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 1997 Jul;84(1):28-31.

PMID: 9247945

We report two cases of body piercing as a religious practice that subsequently led to the development of granulomatous nodules at previously punctured sites of the skin and oral mucosa. These lesions were diagnosed as sarcoid-like foreign body reaction after other possible causes including sarcoidosis, tuberculosis, tuberculoid leprosy, fungal infections, viral infections, and Crohn's disease were excluded.

Matched MeSH terms: Diagnosis, Differential; Sarcoidosis/diagnosis; Granuloma, Foreign-Body/diagnosis

Type b Haemophilus influenzae endocarditis in children: case report and review of the literature

Malik AS

Ann Trop Paediatr, 1995 Sep;15(3):193-5.

PMID: 8534036

Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) endocarditis is a rare but potentially lethal condition. Only ten cases have been reported in the English literature. This report describes an 8-month-old Malay child with a ventricular septal defect who developed Hib endocarditis and died after 4 weeks of hospitalization. The literature is reviewed and previously reported cases summarized.

Matched MeSH terms: Endocarditis, Bacterial/diagnosis*; Haemophilus Infections/diagnosis*; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular/diagnosis

Ascaris cholecystitis and cholangitis: an experience in Myanmar

Lwin M, Tint KS

J R Coll Surg Edinb, 1994 Aug;39(4):243-5.

PMID: 7807458

Twenty-seven cases of ascaris cholecystitis and cholangitis were managed in a surgical unit of a general hospital in Yangon, Myanmar, from January 1989 to March 1990. Nineteen women and eight men with a mean age of 42 years were studied. Main clinical manifestations were right hypochondrial pain, fever, chills, rigors, nausea, vomiting and jaundice. Diagnosis was established by abdominal ultrasonograms in all cases. Laparotomy was performed in all cases because of failure to respond to initial conservative treatment. Live and dead ascarids were found in the gall bladder and biliary ductal system. Cholecystectomy, bile duct exploration, worm extraction and T-tube drainage were done in all cases. There were no deaths. Two patients developed minor wound sepsis. During the follow-up period ranging from 3 to 12 months, there was no recurrence of symptoms in all patients. All patients were given antihelminthics before discharge and three weeks later.

Matched MeSH terms: Ascariasis/diagnosis; Cholangitis/diagnosis; Cholecystitis/diagnosis

Haematoma testes due to traditional massage in a neonate

Ram SP, Kyaw K, Noor AR

Trop Doct, 1994 Apr;24(2):81-2.

PMID: 8009626

Matched MeSH terms: Diagnosis, Differential; Hematoma/diagnosis; Testicular Diseases/diagnosis

Missed subdiaphragmatic mass in medial left epigastrium: tumour or foreign body?

Maurer HJ

J R Soc Med, 1993 Aug;86(8):481.

PMID: 8078052

Matched MeSH terms: Diagnosis, Differential

Poliomyelitis in Malaysia: two confirmed cases after 6 years without polio

Ismail HI, Lal M

Ann Trop Paediatr, 1993;13(4):339-43.

PMID: 7506880

Poliomyelitis in Malaysia has not been reported since 1986. We report two cases of poliomyelitis in non-immunized children whose parents, though relatively educated, opted not to vaccinate their children for socio-cultural reasons. This recent trend may interfere with our attempts to eradicate poliomyelitis globally by the year 2000. The clinical features, pathophysiology and differential diagnosis are discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Diagnosis, Differential; Poliomyelitis/diagnosis; Polyradiculoneuropathy/diagnosis

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