Displaying publications 61 - 80 of 666 in total

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  1. Fulltext The Tsinghua-Lancet Commission on Healthy Cities in China: unlocking the power of cities for a healthy China
    Yang J, Siri JG, Remais JV, Cheng Q, Zhang H, Chan KKY, et al.
    Lancet, 2018 05 26;391(10135):2140-2184.
    PMID: 29678340 DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30486-0
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Policy*
  2. Trends in Abortion Policies in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
    Allotey P, Ravindran TKS, Sathivelu V
    Annu Rev Public Health, 2021 04 01;42:505-518.
    PMID: 33138701 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-082619-102442
    The decision to terminate a pregnancy is not one that is taken lightly. The need for an abortion reflects limited sexual autonomy, ineffective or lack of access to contraceptive options, or a health indication. Abortion is protected under human rights law. That notwithstanding, access to abortions continues to be contested in many parts of the world, with vested interests from politically and religiously conservative states, patriarchal societies, and cultural mores, not just within local contexts but also within a broader geopolitical context. Criminalization of a women's choice not to carry a pregnancy is a significant driver of unsafe procedures, and even where abortions are provided legally, the policies remain constrained by the practice or by a lack of coherence. This review outlines the trends in abortion policy in low- and middle-income countries and highlights priority areas to ensure that women are safe and able to exercise their reproductive rights.
    Matched MeSH terms: Policy*
  3. Fulltext Greying Malaysians: strategies for promoting and supporting healthy and productive ageing
    Phua KL
    Malaysian Journal of Community Health, 2007;13(1):16-21.
    MyJurnal
    Population ageing is inevitable in Malaysia as a result of declining fertility rates. Steps can be taken to face this challenge. These include ways to promote “healthy ageing” and “compression of morbidity” and ways to promote “productive ageing”, i.e., keeping the elderly economically and socially engaged. This article, based on a review of the literature, argues that it is illogical to force people into compulsory retirement at an arbitrary age when they can continue to contribute actively to society. Instead, ways can be devised to promote healthy ageing, prolonging independence and encouraging productive ageing through gradual economic and social disengagement of the individual depending on the individual’s physical health, mental health, contribution to society and personal inclination and preferences. Public policy in general and public health policy in particular can be designed or redesigned to help achieve this.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Policy; Public Policy
  4. The state of shared decision making in Malaysia
    Lee YK, Ng CJ
    Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes, 2017 Jun;123-124:66-68.
    PMID: 28527637 DOI: 10.1016/j.zefq.2017.05.019
    Shared decision making (SDM) activities in Malaysia began around 2010. Although the concept is not widespread, there are opportunities to implement SDM in both the public and private healthcare sectors. Malaysia has a multicultural society and cultural components (such as language differences, medical paternalism, strong family involvement, religious beliefs and complementary medicine) influence medical decision making. In terms of policy, the Ministry of Health has increasingly mentioned patient-centered care as a component of healthcare delivery while the Malaysian Medical Council's guidelines on doctors' duties mentioned collaborative partnerships as a goal of doctor-patient relationships. Current research on SDM comprises baseline surveys of decisional role preferences, development and implementation of locally developed patient decision aids, and conducting of SDM training workshops. Most of this research is carried out by public research universities. In summary, the current state of SDM in Malaysia is still at its infancy. However, there are increasing recognition and efforts from the academic institutions and Ministry of Health to conduct research in SDM, develop patient decision support tools and initiate national discussion on patient involvement in decision making.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Policy*
  5. Maternal mortality in Cambodia, Thailand, Malaysia and Sri Lanka: a systematic review of local and national policy and practice initiatives
    McArthur A, Lockwood C
    JBI Libr Syst Rev, 2010 1 1;8(16 Suppl):1-10.
    PMID: 27820572
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Policy*
  6. Fulltext Adherence of Malaysian Adults' Energy and Macronutrient Intakes to National Recommendations: A Review and Meta-Analysis
    Shahar S, Jan Bin Jan Mohamed H, de Los Reyes F, Amarra MS
    Nutrients, 2018 Oct 28;10(11).
    PMID: 30373303 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111584
    The present study examined the best available evidence regarding energy and macronutrient intake during adulthood (age 19 to 59 years) in Malaysia and assessed whether intakes adhere to national recommendations, in order to develop recommendations for dietary improvement based on population consumption patterns. A literature review and meta-analysis evaluated intake based on the following characteristics, using information from food balance sheets, national surveys, and individual studies: (1) levels of intake, (2) proportion of the population whose diets adhere to/exceed/fail to meet Malaysian Recommended Nutrient Intake (RNI) levels, and (3) sources of macronutrients observed in these studies. Food balance data suggested high levels of available energy, animal source protein, vegetable fat, and refined carbohydrates. Twenty studies (five nationwide, 15 individual) indicated that Malaysian adults generally met or exceeded recommendations for fat and protein, but were inconsistent with respect to energy and carbohydrates. Information on dietary sources was limited. Due to methodological limitations, insufficient evidence exists regarding energy and macronutrient intakes of Malaysian adults. Improved dietary assessment methods (including use of biomarkers), better data analysis, and updated food composition data, will provide more reliable information on which to base policy decisions and recommendations for improvement.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nutrition Policy*
  7. Fulltext Problems in the Malaysian Armed Forces (ATM) and its effects on Malaysia's national defense policy
    Mohamad Faisol Keling, Mohamad Hanapi Mohamad
    Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2016;1(3):66-82.
    MyJurnal
    Logistics development of Malaysian Armed Forces (ATM) involving the Malaysian Army (TDM),
    Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN) and Royal Malaysian Air Force (RMAF) have been developed since
    1957. Since the 1990s, ATM has been through the process of modernization which is can seen through
    the rapid and strong capabilities in logistics aspect. Defense policy development has involved the
    development of the logistical aspects of ATM. Purchasing of defense equipments such as the most
    modern warship in Armed Force in 1990, Scorpene submarines, fighter aircraft which is used by the
    developed countries such as the MiG-29, FA/18 Hornet and Sukhoi 30MKM, battle tanks from Poland
    and so on with the transfer package technology is essential to ensure that the principle of self-reliance
    defense ATM can be achieved. This process has force the government to allocate a large amount of
    money in providing modern logistics equipments so it can be used to the maximum by the defense forces. In fact, the development of the defense and Malaysian Armed Forces (ATM) also growing
    along with the development of technology, defense policy, doctrine of current world logistics. However
    the logistics development has raised questions because of the capabilty of logistic and Malaysian
    Armed Forces (ATM) itself which are caused various accidents and issues affecting ATM.
    Matched MeSH terms: Policy Making; Policy
  8. Is flooding considered a threat in the degraded tropical peatlands?
    Lupascu M, Varkkey H, Tortajada C
    Sci Total Environ, 2020 Jun 25;723:137988.
    PMID: 32392686 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137988
    Tropical peatland degradation due to oil palm plantation development has reduced peat's ability to naturally regulate floods. In turn, more severe and frequent flooding on peatlands could seriously impair plantation productivity. Understanding the roles of peatland ecosystems in regulating floods has become essential given the continued pressure on land resources, especially in Southeast Asia. However, the limited knowledge on this topic has resulted in the oversimplifications of the relationships between floods, commercial plantations and peatland sustainability, creating major disagreement among policymakers at different levels in governments, companies, NGOs and society. Hence, this study identifies whether flood policies are integrated within peatland management through a qualitative policy analysis of publicly available papers, government reports, and other official documents that discuss flooding, and/or more in general, hydrology in peatlands. Document analysis was then triangulated with data obtained from several semi-structured discussions. The analysis indicates that the industry on peatlands and the peatland's environmental sustainability could be threatened by increased flooding. We show that, in spite of this, flood policies in SE Asian countries like Malaysia and Indonesia have not been well-integrated into peatland management. We also discuss how the countries could move forward to overcome this problem.
    Matched MeSH terms: Policy Making; Policy
  9. Assessing the mechanism of energy efficiency and energy poverty alleviation based on environmental regulation policy measures
    Wu B, Liu S, Wang J, Tahir S, Patwary AK
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2021 Aug;28(30):40858-40870.
    PMID: 33772472 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13605-2
    This work aims to assess multidimensional energy poverty and energy efficiency for environmental policy measures using data envelopment analysis (DEA), a DEA-Like mathematical composite indicator applied on a dataset based on multiple sets of variables from South Asian economies. The multidimensional energy poverty index (MEPI) is computed to analyze the combining effects and energy poverty in these countries. Simultaneously, South Asia's metropolitan areas' population rose by 130 million between 2001 and 2011 and is projected to expand by approximately 250 million by 2030. The findings reveal that endogenous increasing population shocks account for about 72% of energy use. In contrast, the long-term effects of remittance revenue, economic growth, and urbanization on energy use are approximately 20%, 8.25%, and 0.03%, respectively. This work advocates more coordinated and innovative policies to eliminate energy poverty. It can act as a base for policymakers and government officials to make efficient policies and enforce them properly in the regional power sector. Policies should be designed around a smarter use of biomass for cooking, alternate sources for domestic energy production, increased programs for biomass-based cookstoves, and periodic regional-level energy database development.
    Matched MeSH terms: Environmental Policy*
  10. The efficacy of smoking ban policy at the workplace on secondhand smoking: systematic review and meta-analysis
    Rashiden I, Ahmad Tajuddin NANB, Yee A, Zhen STE, Bin Amir Nordin AS
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2020 Aug;27(24):29856-29866.
    PMID: 32483718 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09407-7
    Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) in the workplace has led many workplaces to set up smoke-free policies to protect non-smoking employees. Although smoke-free workplaces are pervasive, the intensity of the practice is questionable. The purpose of this review is to identify the pooled prevalence estimate of secondhand smoke at smoke-free workplaces and the factors associated with SHS exposure at the workplace despite existing smoke-free policies. Fourteen studies (total 7458 employees) were identified from Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Cinahl, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception to December 2017. Results indicate that despite the existence of smoke-free policies at the workplace, 14 studies reported exposure to secondhand smoke. The pooled prevalence of the SHS exposure was 0.29 (95% CI = 0.23 to 0.36) (P 
    Matched MeSH terms: Smoke-Free Policy*
  11. Dynamics of Social Enterprises in Health Care Delivery: Contexts, Models, and Policy Insights From Malaysia
    Ng BK, Chin TY, Abu Shamsi N, Azizan SA
    Asia Pac J Public Health, 2023 May;35(4):257-266.
    PMID: 37029545 DOI: 10.1177/10105395231164441
    This qualitative article explores the potential role of health care social enterprises (SEs) as disruptive innovators in improving the availability, accessibility, and affordability of health care delivery. It focuses on the context and mechanisms that enable SEs to produce positive health outcomes. Findings from an in-depth interview with the representatives of SEs and stakeholders in Malaysia reveal that strategies to balance the elements of social and enterprise (business) are the key for SEs to sustain in the market. This is supported with several inclusive business models such as inclusive employment model, cross-subsidization, and flexible fees payment mechanism, as well as collaborative engagement with multiple stakeholders, expert domains, and social workers. This article also highlights several main challenges in health care SEs, namely financial sustainability, impact measurement, scaling up of project, and political influence. This article ends with a few salient policies that focus on nurturing and strengthening health care SEs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Policy; Policy
  12. Fulltext Corporate Sustainability Development Strategy and Corporate Environmental Governance-The Moderating Role of Corporate Environmental Investments
    Ao X, Ong TS, Teh BH
    Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2023 Mar 03;20(5).
    PMID: 36901536 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054528
    Environmental degradation and ecological devastation have become widespread global concerns in recent years as a result of the expansion of the international economy. China's rapid economic development has been accompanied by a sloppy economic growth model that has damaged the local ecological environment. The Chinese government intends to improve the ecological environment by the end of 2020 in an effort to direct and improve these environmental issues. The strictest environmental laws became effective in 2015. In light of this, this research uses panel data analysis to examine the environmental strategy and environmental governance of Chinese corporations. This article analyses 14,512 samples of listed mainland Chinese enterprises from 2015 to 2020. This research investigates the connection between Corporate Sustainability Development Strategy and Corporate Environmental Governance, as well as the moderating effect of Corporate Environmental Investments.
    Matched MeSH terms: Environmental Policy*
  13. Fulltext What, Where, and How to Collect Real-World Data and Generate Real-World Evidence to Support Drug Reimbursement Decision-Making in Asia: A reflection Into the Past and A Way Forward
    Kc S, Lin LW, Bayani DBS, Zemlyanska Y, Adler A, Ahn J, et al.
    Int J Health Policy Manag, 2023;12:6858.
    PMID: 37579427 DOI: 10.34172/ijhpm.2023.6858
    BACKGROUND: Globally, there is increasing interest in the use of real-world data (RWD) and real-world evidence (RWE) to inform health technology assessment (HTA) and reimbursement decision-making. Using current practices and case studies shared by eleven health systems in Asia, a non-binding guidance that seeks to align practices for generating and using RWD/RWE for decision-making in Asia was developed by the REAL World Data In ASia for HEalth Technology Assessment in Reimbursement (REALISE) Working Group, addressing a current gap and needs among HTA users and generators.

    METHODS: The guidance document was developed over two face-to-face workshops, in addition to an online survey, a face-to-face interview and pragmatic search of literature. The specific focus was on what, where and how to collect RWD/ RWE.

    RESULTS: All 11 REALISE member jurisdictions participated in the online survey and the first in-person workshop, 10 participated in the second in-person workshop, and 8 participated in the in-depth face-to-face interviews. The guidance document was iteratively reviewed by all working group members and the International Advisory Panel. There was substantial variation in: (a) sources and types of RWD being used in HTA, and (b) the relative importance and prioritization of RWE being used for policy-making. A list of national-level databases and other sources of RWD available in each country was compiled. A list of useful guidance on data collection, quality assurance and study design were also compiled.

    CONCLUSION: The REALISE guidance document serves to align the collection of better quality RWD and generation of reliable RWE to ultimately inform HTA in Asia.

    Matched MeSH terms: Policy Making*
  14. Fulltext A new generation of trade policy: potential risks to diet-related health from the trans pacific partnership agreement
    Friel S, Gleeson D, Thow AM, Labonte R, Stuckler D, Kay A, et al.
    Global Health, 2013 Oct 16;9:46.
    PMID: 24131595 DOI: 10.1186/1744-8603-9-46
    Trade poses risks and opportunities to public health nutrition. This paper discusses the potential food-related public health risks of a radical new kind of trade agreement: the Trans Pacific Partnership agreement (TPP). Under negotiation since 2010, the TPP involves Australia, Brunei, Canada, Chile, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Peru, Singapore, the USA, and Vietnam. Here, we review the international evidence on the relationships between trade agreements and diet-related health and, where available, documents and leaked text from the TPP negotiations. Similar to other recent bilateral or regional trade agreements, we find that the TPP would propose tariffs reductions, foreign investment liberalisation and intellectual property protection that extend beyond provisions in the multilateral World Trade Organization agreements. The TPP is also likely to include strong investor protections, introducing major changes to domestic regulatory regimes to enable greater industry involvement in policy making and new avenues for appeal. Transnational food corporations would be able to sue governments if they try to introduce health policies that food companies claim violate their privileges in the TPP; even the potential threat of litigation could greatly curb governments' ability to protect public health. Hence, we find that the TPP, emblematic of a new generation of 21st century trade policy, could potentially yield greater risks to health than prior trade agreements. Because the text of the TPP is secret until the countries involved commit to the agreement, it is essential for public health concerns to be articulated during the negotiation process. Unless the potential health consequences of each part of the text are fully examined and taken into account, and binding language is incorporated in the TPP to safeguard regulatory policy space for health, the TPP could be detrimental to public health nutrition. Health advocates and health-related policymakers must be proactive in their engagement with the trade negotiations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Policy*
  15. Fulltext Evidence-informed policy for tackling adverse climate change effects on health: Linking regional and global assessments of science to catalyse action
    Fears R, Abdullah KAB, Canales-Holzeis C, Caussy D, Haines A, Harper SL, et al.
    PLoS Med, 2021 Jul;18(7):e1003719.
    PMID: 34283834 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003719
    Robin Fears and co-authors discuss evidence-informed regional and global policy responses to health impacts of climate change.
    Matched MeSH terms: Policy Making*
  16. Revisiting the environmental Kuznets curve: assessing the impact of climate policy uncertainty in the Belt and Road Initiative
    Huang Y, Rahman SU, Meo MS, Ali MSE, Khan S
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2024 Feb;31(7):10579-10593.
    PMID: 38198084 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31471-y
    Climate change repercussions such as temperature shifts and more severe weather occurrences are felt globally. It contributes to larger-scale challenges, such as climate change and biodiversity loss in food production. As a result, the purpose of this research is to develop strategies to grow the economy without harming the environment. Therefore, we revisit the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis, considering the impact of climate policy uncertainty along with other control variables. We investigated yearly panel data from 47 Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) nations from 1998 to 2021. Pooled regression, fixed effect, and the generalized method of moment (GMM) findings all confirmed the presence of inverted U-shaped EKC in BRI counties. Findings from this paper provide policymakers with actionable ideas, outlining a framework for bringing trade and climate agendas into harmony in BRI countries. The best way to promote economic growth and reduce carbon dioxide emissions is to push for trade and climate policies to be coordinated. Moreover, improving institutional quality is essential for strong environmental governance, as it facilitates the adoption of environmentally friendly industrialization techniques and the efficient administration of climate policy uncertainties.
    Matched MeSH terms: Environmental Policy*
  17. Understanding the systemic nature of cities to improve health and climate change mitigation
    Chapman R, Howden-Chapman P, Capon A
    Environ Int, 2016 Sep;94:380-387.
    PMID: 27126780 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.04.014
    Understanding cities comprehensively as systems is a costly challenge and is typically not feasible for policy makers. Nevertheless, focusing on some key systemic characteristics of cities can give useful insights for policy to advance health and well-being outcomes. Moreover, if we take a coevolutionary systems view of cities, some conventional assumptions about the nature of urban development (e.g. the growth in private vehicle use with income) may not stand up. We illustrate this by examining the coevolution of urban transport and land use systems, and institutional change, giving examples of policy implications. At a high level, our concern derives from the need to better understand the dynamics of urban change, and its implications for health and well-being. At a practical level, we see opportunities to use stylised findings about urban systems to underpin policy experiments. While it is now not uncommon to view cities as systems, policy makers appear to have made little use so far of a systems approach to inform choice of policies with consequences for health and well-being. System insights can be applied to intelligently anticipate change - for example, as cities are subjected to increasing natural system reactions to climate change, they must find ways to mitigate and adapt to it. Secondly, systems insights around policy cobenefits are vital for better informing horizontal policy integration. Lastly, an implication of system complexity is that rather than seeking detailed, 'full' knowledge about urban issues and policies, cities would be well advised to engage in policy experimentation to address increasingly urgent health and climate change issues.
    Matched MeSH terms: Policy Making; Public Policy
  18. Shaping a greener future: The role of geopolitical risk, renewable energy and financial development on environmental sustainability using the LCC hypothesis
    Wang W, Balsalobre-Lorente D, Anwar A, Adebayo TS, Cong PT, Quynh NN, et al.
    J Environ Manage, 2024 Apr;357:120708.
    PMID: 38552512 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120708
    The recent progress report of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 2023 highlighted the extreme reactions of environmental degradation. This report also shows that the current efforts for achieving environmental sustainability (SDG 13) are inadequate and a comprehensive policy agenda is needed. However, the present literature has highlighted several determinants of environmental degradation but the influence of geopolitical risk on environmental quality (EQ) is relatively ignored. To fill this research gap and propose a inclusive policy structure for achieving the sustainable development goals. This study is the earliest attempt that delve into the effects o of geopolitical risk (GPR), financial development (FD), and renewable energy consumption (REC) on load capacity factor (LCF) under the framework of load capacity curve (LCC) hypothesis for selected Asian countries during 1990-2020. In this regard, we use several preliminary sensitivity tests to check the features and reliability of the dataset. Similarly, we use panel quantile regression for investigating long-run relationships. The factual results affirm the existence of the LCC hypothesis in selected Asian countries. Our findings also show that geopolitical risk reduces environmental quality whereas financial development and REC increase environmental quality. Drawing from the empirical findings, this study suggests a holistic policy approach for achieving the targets of SDG 13 (climate change).
    Matched MeSH terms: Policy*
  19. Fulltext Variation in communication and family visiting policies in intensive care within and between countries during the Covid-19 pandemic: The COVISIT international survey
    Tabah A, Elhadi M, Ballard E, Cortegiani A, Cecconi M, Unoki T, et al.
    J Crit Care, 2022 Oct;71:154050.
    PMID: 35525226 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2022.154050
    BACKGROUND: During the COVID-19 pandemic, intensive care units (ICU) introduced restrictions to in-person family visiting to safeguard patients, healthcare personnel, and visitors.

    METHODS: We conducted a web-based survey (March-July 2021) investigating ICU visiting practices before the pandemic, at peak COVID-19 ICU admissions, and at the time of survey response. We sought data on visiting policies and communication modes including use of virtual visiting (videoconferencing).

    RESULTS: We obtained 667 valid responses representing ICUs in all continents. Before the pandemic, 20% (106/525) had unrestricted visiting hours; 6% (30/525) did not allow in-person visiting. At peak, 84% (558/667) did not allow in-person visiting for patients with COVID-19; 66% for patients without COVID-19. This proportion had decreased to 55% (369/667) at time of survey reporting. A government mandate to restrict hospital visiting was reported by 53% (354/646). Most ICUs (55%, 353/615) used regular telephone updates; 50% (306/667) used telephone for formal meetings and discussions regarding prognosis or end-of-life. Virtual visiting was available in 63% (418/667) at time of survey.

    CONCLUSIONS: Highly restrictive visiting policies were introduced at the initial pandemic peaks, were subsequently liberalized, but without returning to pre-pandemic practices. Telephone became the primary communication mode in most ICUs, supplemented with virtual visits.

    Matched MeSH terms: Organizational Policy; Policy
  20. Constraints on the retreat from a welfare-orientated approach to public health care in Malaysia
    Barraclough S
    Health Policy, 1999 Apr;47(1):53-67.
    PMID: 10387810
    Both in its articulation of values and through incremental changes, the Malaysian government has signalled a change in attitude towards the welfare approach which had hitherto characterized public health care policy. This change envisions an end to reliance upon the state for the provision and financing of health services and the fostering of a system of family-based welfare. In the future citizens should finance their own health care through savings, insurance or as part of their terms of employment. While the state will still accept a degree of responsibility for those unable to pay for their health care, it wishes to share this burden with the corporate sector and non-government organizations as part of a national policy of the 'Caring Society'. In this article the retreat from a commitment to a welfare model of public health care is documented and some of the serious obstacles to such a policy are discussed. It is concluded that the government's aspirations for reforming the welfare model will need to be tempered by both practical and political considerations. Moreover, the socio-economic consequences of the Asian currency crisis of 1997 are likely to increase the need for government welfare action.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Policy/economics; Health Policy/trends*; Policy Making
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