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Fulltext Cystic adenocarcinoma of prostate: a case report

Ng, K.L., Sathiyananthan, J.R., Dublin, N., Razack, A.H., Lee, G.

JUMMEC, 2011;14(1):21-22.
MyJurnal

Prostate cancer is not uncommon amongst the elderly men. Diagnosis is made using histopathology specimens of Transrectal Ultrasound guided biopsy of the prostate gland. However, prostate cancer presenting as a intra-prostatic cysts are rare. We report a case of elderly gentleman who presented with malignant intra-prostatic cysts.

Matched MeSH terms: Prostatic Hyperplasia
Fulltext Kimura's Disease with Atypical Musculoskeletal Presentation

Hafiz A., Yusuf, A., Rosmaliza, I., Premchandran, N., Kalavathy, R.

Malays Orthop J, 2010;4(2):44-47.
MyJurnal

We would like to highlight an unusual clinical presentation of Kimura's disease, a rare, benign, idiopathic condition, usually seen as swelling and lesions of the head and neck region and commonly affecting young men of Asian descent. It is rare for this disorder to present with lesions on other parts of the body, especially the lower limbs. We report a 27-year-old man who presented with a large mass located at the inguinal region and extending down to the upper thigh. Due to the large size of the mass (28 x 18 cm), our provisional diagnosis was a soft tissue sarcoma. Open biopsy showed that the lesion was benign.

Matched MeSH terms: Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia
Fulltext Kimura’s Disease Mimicking Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: An Unusual Cause of Parotid Swelling

Fadilah, S.A.W., Shanty, V., Goh, AS

Medicine & Health, 2007;2(1):99-102.
MyJurnal

Kimura’s disease (KD) is a rare, benign chronic inflammatory disease of unknown aetiology, typically presents in the Orientals as subcutaneous masses in the head and neck region that could be easily misdiagnosed as a malignant tumour, leading to unnecessary radical surgery or intensive cytotoxic therapy. It has been mainly reported in the Chinese and Japanese literature. It is difficult to diagnose before tissue biopsy and fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) has limited value. Hence, unless the pathologists are aware of this entity, it might be mistaken as a malignant lesion. We encountered a case of KD in a Malay patient presenting as a parotid mass that was initially diagnosed as Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL). This disorder should be suspected in young male Asian patients presenting with a painless unilateral mass in the head and neck region with associated hypereosinophilia.

Matched MeSH terms: Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia
Fulltext Transcriptional analysis highlights three distinct immune profiles of high-risk oral epithelial dysplasia

Gan CP, Lee BKB, Lau SH, Kallarakkal TG, Zaini ZM, Lye BKW, et al.

Front Immunol, 2022;13:954567.
PMID: 36119104 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.954567

Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) are precursors of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and the presence of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) in OPMD confers an increased risk of malignant transformation. Emerging evidence has indicated a role for the immune system in OPMD disease progression; however, the underlying immune mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, we used immune signatures established from cancer to delineate the immune profiles of moderate and severe OED, which are considered high-risk OPMD. We demonstrated that moderate and severe OEDs exhibit high lymphocyte infiltration and upregulation of genes involved in both immune surveillance (major histocompatibility complex-I, T cells, B cells and cytolytic activity) and immune suppression (immune checkpoints, T regulatory cells, and tumor-associated macrophages). Notably, we identified three distinct subtypes of moderate and severe OED: immune cytotoxic, non-cytotoxic and non-immune reactive. Active immune surveillance is present in the immune cytotoxic subtype, whereas the non-cytotoxic subtype lacks CD8 immune cytotoxic response. The non-immune reactive subtype showed upregulation of genes involved in the stromal microenvironment and cell cycle. The lack of T cell infiltration and activation in the non-immune reactive subtype is due to the dysregulation of CTNNB1, PTEN and JAK2. This work suggests that moderate and severe OED that harbor the non-cytotoxic or non-immune reactive subtype are likely to progress to cancer. Overall, we showed that distinct immune responses are present in high-risk OPMD, and revealed targetable pathways that could lead to potential new approaches for non-surgical management of OED.

Matched MeSH terms: Hyperplasia
Urinary bladder characteristics via ultrasound as predictors of acute urinary retention in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia

Ho CC, Ngoo KS, Hamzaini AH, Rizal AM, Zulkifli MZ

Clin Ter, 2014;165(2):75-81.
PMID: 24770808 DOI: 10.7471/CT.2014.1680

OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinical utility of urinary bladder and prostate characteristics measured by ultrasound scan in predicting acute urinary retention (AUR) for men with bladder outlet obstruction with an underlying benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Consecutive men aged ≥50 years presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) or AUR were prospectively recruited in this cross-sectional study. International prostatic symptom score (IPSS) and serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) were recorded. High-resolution ultrasound was used to measure bladder detrusor thickness (DT, mm), prostatic volume (PV, cm3), intravesical prostatic protrusion (IPP, mm), bladder wall thickness (BWT,mm), intravesical volume and bladder radius. The latter two parameters were used to estimate bladder weight (UEBW, g), assuming a spherical bladder.
RESULTS: Among selected patients, thirty had AUR while 32 men presented with LUTS only. There were significant differences between those with and without AUR in their age (70.5 vs 66.0, p=0.017), IPSS (24.0 vs 18.5, p=0.009), serum PSA (6.18 vs 1.77, p=0.002), PV (56.7 vs 32.4, p=0.006), BWT (5.0 vs 4.4, p=0.034) and UEBW (39.1 vs 25.0, p=0.0003). Multivariate analysis revealed high IPSS and UEBW to be predictors for AUR. UEBW was the strongest predictor of AUR: area under ROC curve was 0.767, with sensitivity and specificity of 63.3% and 87.5%, respectively, at cut-off point of 35 g. The likelihood ratio for AUR was also best with UEBW≥35 g.
CONCLUSIONS: Combined with IPSS, ultrasound determined bladder characteristic, particularly UEBW, is a useful tool in predicting AUR in men with BPH.

Matched MeSH terms: Prostatic Hyperplasia/complications*; Prostatic Hyperplasia/ultrasonography*
Fulltext A young woman with hypogonadism, hypertension and hypokalaemia

Toh VK, Yung CH

Med J Malaysia, 2009 Sep;64(3):242-3.
PMID: 20527279 MyJurnal

We report a case of a 16 years old girl who presented sequentially with primary amenorrhoea, hypertension and hypokalaemia. Eight years later, she was finally diagnosed with 17alpha-hydroxylase deficiency congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Previous antihypertensive medications were stopped. Hydrocortisone alone successfully maintained normotension and normokalaemia.

Matched MeSH terms: Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital/diagnosis*; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital/etiology*
Post renal transplant Castleman's disease resolved after graft nephrectomy: a case report

Al Otaibi T, Al Sagheir A, Ludwin D, Meyer R

Transplant Proc, 2007 May;39(4):1276-7.
PMID: 17524952

Angiofollicular lymphoid hyperplasia (Castleman's disease) is a lymphoproliferative process thought to be mediated by overexpression of II interleukin-6. Castleman's disease has two variants: Castleman's disease has two variants: Hyaline vascular type and plasma cell variant (multicentric Castleman's disease). The hyaline vascular type tends to be localized, and the plasma cell variant shows more systematic signs and carriers a worse clinical prognosis. Castleman's disease is associated with B-cell lymphoma, Kaposi sarcoma, Human herpes virus 8 (HHV-8), and Epstein-Barr virus. Castleman's disease have been described thrice post kidney transplant. In this report, we document the course of a renal recipient who developed the plasma cell variant of Castleman's disease at 16 months after failure of his allograft and return to dialysis. He displayed clinical resolution of this complication after graft nephrectomy. To our knowledge, this is the first case where the disease manifestations disappeared after graft removal. Our patient experienced chronic renal allograft rejection which may have driven all the systematic manifestations of multicentric castleman's disease and possibly reactivated a latent HHV-8 infection. In this case immunohistochemical testing for HHV-8 was not available to prove a role for this agent.

Matched MeSH terms: Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia/diagnosis*; Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia/pathology
Fulltext Kimura's disease: an unusual cause of cervical tumor

Asma A, Maizaton AA

Med J Malaysia, 2005 Aug;60(3):373-6.
PMID: 16379197

Kimura's disease (KD) is an angiolymphoid proliferative disease of soft tissue with peripheral blood eosinophilia and elevated serum immunoglobulin (Ig) E. The treatment options range from conservative observation for the asymptomatic patient to surgical excision, steroid therapy and radiotherapy for symptomatic patients. Surgical excision is the most common diagnostic measure and is the treatment of choice. A case of KD in a 13-year-old Malay girl is presented. Clinically there was painless right jugular digastric mass measuring 3cm by 3cm. Her blood investigation showed pronounced eosinophilia. She underwent excision biopsy uneventfully. The biopsy from the swelling showed reactive follicular hyperplasic with prominent eosinophilia. There was no evidence of malignant change. Postoperatively after 3 years follow up, she was asymptomatic and no signs of tumor recurrence.

Matched MeSH terms: Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia/complications*; Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia/pathology
Reliability and validity of the Malay version of the International Prostate Symptom Score in the Malaysian population

Quek KF, Low WY, Razack AH, Sin Loh C, Chua CB

J Urol, 2002 Mar;167(3):1359-62.
PMID: 11832732

PURPOSE: We validated the Malay version of the International Prostate Symptom Score in patients with and without urinary symptoms in the Malaysian population.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Validity and reliability were studied in patients with and without lower urinary tract symptoms. Reliability was evaluated using the test-retest method and internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach's alpha. Sensitivity to change was expressed as the effect size in the pre-intervention versus post-intervention score in additional patients with lower urinary tract symptoms who underwent transurethral prostate resection.
RESULTS: Internal consistency was excellent. A high degree of internal consistency was observed for each of the 7 items and for the total score (Cronbach's alpha 0.53 and greater, and 0.68, respectively). The test-retest correlation coefficients of the 7 items were highly significant. The intraclass correlation coefficient was high at 0.51 and greater. There was a high degree of sensitivity and specificity to the effects of treatment. Significant change from baseline to posttreatment scores was observed in all 8 items in the treated but not in the control group.
CONCLUSIONS: The Malay International Prostate Symptom Score is a suitable, reliable, valid instrument that is sensitive to clinical change in the Malaysian population.

Matched MeSH terms: Prostatic Hyperplasia/diagnosis*; Prostatic Hyperplasia/ethnology*
Fulltext Prevalence of symptomatic BPE among Malaysian men aged 50 and above attending screening during prostate health awareness campaign

Teh GC, Sahabudin RM, Lim TC, Chong WL, Woo S, Mohan M, et al.

Med J Malaysia, 2001 Jun;56(2):186-95.
PMID: 11771079

Objective: To study the prevalence of symptomatic BPE among Malaysian men age 50 and above attending prostate health awareness campaign and to identify differences in prevalence between different ethnic groups residing within metropolitan Kuala Lumpur.
Materials and Methods: Demographic data and the completed International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), maximal uroflow rate (Qmax) and prostate size of volunteers, aged 50 and above, who attended the prostate health awareness campaign were analyzed. Subjects with known prostate diseases or prostate surgery, bladder disorders and neurological disorders were excluded.
Results: 2086 volunteers attended the campaign. 575 men fulfilled the inclusion criteria and their demographic data, IPSS; peak flow rate and prostate volume were analysed. Overall, 18.9% and 39.6% of the men were severely and moderately symptomatic, respectively. The prevalence of moderate to severe lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in Malays, Chinese and Indians were 70%, 59% and 50% respectively (p=0.004). The commonest bothersome symptoms were nocturia (56%), frequency (50.4%) and sense of incomplete voiding (43.5%). The mean peak flow rate of the subjects was 15.4ml/s. 20.9% and 55.2% of the subjects had peak flow less than 10ml/sec and 15ml/sec respectively. The mean prostate size was 25.1cc. There is no significant difference in term of maximal flow rate and prostate size among Malays, Chinese and Indians in Malaysia. A good correlation was found between the total symptom score and the single disease-specific quality of life question (r=0.69, p<0.001). The correlation between IPSS and peak flow rate (r=-0.22, p<0.001) and prostate volume (r=0.11, p=0.009) was weak. There was no correlation between IPSS and age (r=0.06, p=0.17). The prevalence of symptomatic benign prostate enlargement (BPE) was 39.3%. The prevalence increased 8% per decade from 41.7% for men aged 50 to 59 to 65.4% for men aged 70 or more. There is no significant difference in prevalence of symptomatic BPE among the three ethnic groups. The prevalence of BPO was 15.8%.
Conclusion: The correlation between symptom score, maximal flow rate and prostate size was poor and one cannot predict the value of one parameter by knowing one or more of the other parameters. There is a high prevalence of LUTS suggestive of benign prostatic obstruction in the apparently healthy Malaysian aged 50 and above attending the prostate health awareness campaign.

Matched MeSH terms: Prostatic Hyperplasia/diagnosis*; Prostatic Hyperplasia/epidemiology*
POEMS syndrome, osteosclerotic myeloma and Castleman's disease: a case report

Bosco J, Pathmanathan R

Aust N Z J Med, 1991 Aug;21(4):454-6.
PMID: 1953537

Peripheral neuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy and skin changes are often the presenting features of the POEMS syndrome. Approximately 50% of these are associated with osteosclerotic myeloma, a rare variant of multiple myeloma and some with Castleman's disease, an unusual lympho-proliferative disorder. The underlying pathogenetic mechanisms have not been elucidated but amelioration of symptoms with the disappearance of the M-component suggests possible etiopathogenic mechanisms. We present a 40-year-old woman with manifestations of all three disorders.

Matched MeSH terms: Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia/complications*; Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia/pathology
Case series of testicular adrenal rest tumours in boys with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: A single centre experience

Karen Leong SW, Wu LL

Med J Malaysia, 2019 02;74(1):92-93.
PMID: 30846672

Testicular adrenal rest tumours (TART) are aberrant adrenal tissue within the testes (1). Although benign, they can lead to obstruction of the seminiferous tubules and infertility in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). We report six boys who developed TART, a complication of CAH. Diagnosis was confirmed by ultrasound and testicular vein sampling of elevated 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) levels. Glucocorticoids dosages were increased 1½-2 folds to suppress size of the aberrant adrenal tissues. Despite reductions in 17-OHP, the lesions remained unchanged. Three patients had testis-sparing surgery to excise the TART and to preserve normal testicular tissues.

Matched MeSH terms: Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital/complications; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital/diagnosis
A Novel Calculator for Estimating Prostate Volume in Daily Urology Services

Lim J, Rampal S, Razack AHA, Malek R, Sundram M, Nasuha NA, et al.

Urology, 2018 Aug;118:145-151.
PMID: 29746873 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2018.02.055

OBJECTIVES: To develop a simple prostate volume (PV) calculator that can aid in managing patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) secondary to benign prostatic enlargement at daily urology services in developing Asian countries.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study of men aged above 40 years with no history of prostate cancer, prostate surgery, or 5α-reductase inhibitor treatment. Serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and total PV were measured in each subject. Potential sociodemographic and clinical variables including age, weight, comorbidities, and International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) were collected. Of 1034 subjects, 837 were used in building the PV calculator using regression analysis. The remaining 1/5 (n = 197) was used for model validation.
RESULTS: There were 1034 multiethnic Asian men (Chinese 52.9%, Malay 35.4%, and Indian 11.7%) with mean age of 60 ± 7.6 years. Average PV was 29.4 ± 13.0 mL while the overall mean of PSA was 1.7 ± 1.7 ng/mL. We identified age, IPSS, weight, and PSA (all P

Matched MeSH terms: Prostatic Hyperplasia/complications; Prostatic Hyperplasia/pathology*
Addisonian-Like Hyperpigmentation as an Indicator of Uncontrolled Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

Patel FB, Newman SA, Norton SA

Skinmed, 2016 02 01;14(1):53-4.
PMID: 27072733

A 20-year-old man of Indo-Malaysian ancestry presented with a complaint of increased facial pigmentation that he first noticed at age 13. He had congenital adrenal hyperplasia (21-hydroxylase deficiency, salt-wasting variant; OMIM 201910), diagnosed during infancy. Glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid therapy was started at that time, but he had several episodes of salt craving during adolescence. During the past 7 years, the degree of facial pigmentation waxed and waned but never returned to baseline of early adolescence. Progressive skin darkening was also observed in annual family photos, which also showed a vast difference in skin tones between the patient and other members of his immediate family.

Matched MeSH terms: Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital/complications*; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital/drug therapy
A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study of Malaysian Females With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: Their Body Image and Their Perspectives on Feminizing Surgery

Zainuddin AA, Grover SR, Soon CH, Ghani NAA, Mahdy ZA, Manaf MRA, et al.

J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol, 2020 Oct;33(5):477-483.
PMID: 32376362 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2020.04.008

OBJECTIVE: To explore the impact of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) on body image in Malaysian females with CAH and to understand the perspectives of these young women and their parents toward feminizing genitoplasty (FG).
DESIGN: Multi-center cross-sectional study.
SETTING: Two tertiary medical centers in Malaysia.
PARTICIPANTS: A total of 59 patients with CAH who were raised as females and more than 10 years old, and their parents.
METHODS: The CAH respondents completed the validated and translated Body Image Disturbance Questionnaires (BIDQ). All CAH respondents and their parents underwent semi-structured interviews to explore their views on FG.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Body image disturbance score and perspectives on FG.
RESULTS: The 59 CAH respondents consisted of 12 children, 29 adolescents, and 18 adults. The majority were of Malay ethnicity (64.4%) with classical CAH (98.3%) and had undergone FG (n = 55, 93.2%). For the BIDQ scores, the median score (interquartile range) for general body image was 1.29 (0.71), range 1.00-3.29, whereas the genital appearance score was 1.07 (0.39), range 1.00-4.29, revealing a greater concern for general body parts over genitalia. With regards to FG, it was perceived as necessary. Infancy and early childhood were perceived as the best timing for first FG by both respondents and parents, most preferring single-stage over 2-stage surgery.
CONCLUSIONS: General body appearance concerns were greater than for genital appearance, with more impact on the patients' lives. Contrary to much international opinion, feminizing surgery was perceived as necessary and appropriate by CAH respondents and their families, and should be offered in infancy or early childhood. Future qualitative studies are recommended.

Matched MeSH terms: Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital/psychology*; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital/surgery
The effects of Pueraria mirifica extract, diadzein and genistein in testosterone-induced prostate hyperplasia in male Sprague Dawley rats

Mohamad J, Masrudin SS, Alias Z, Muhamad NA

Mol Biol Rep, 2019 Apr;46(2):1855-1871.
PMID: 30710233 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-04638-5

Pueraria mirifica (PM) is a medicinal plant native to Thailand contained high amount of phytoestrogen and possesses anticancer activity. This study reports the effect of P. mirifica extract, phytoestrogen of diadzein and genistein for its benign prostate hyperplasia properties in testosterone-induced prostate hyperplasia in male Sprague Dawley rats. The P. mirifica extract was evaluated for its total phenols, flavonoid and antioxidant activity using DPPH, FRAP and metal chelating assay. The assessment of P. mirifica, diadzein and genistein against benign prostate hyperplasia was determined in testosterone-induced prostate hyperplasia in male Sprague Dawley rats. The total phenol was higher than flavonoid but showed low antioxidant activity of DPPH, FRAP and metal chelating. The aqueous PM extract at 1000 mg/kg significantly increased testosterone levels in testosterone-induced rats by 13% while diadzein and genistein increased it by 11% and 17% respectively. However, levels of FSH, LH, triglyceride and HDL are not affected by the oral administration of PM, diadzein and genistein to the rats. Similarly, total protein, albumin, globulin, total bilirubin, conjugated bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, AST, and G-glutamyltransferase showed no significant difference as compared with negative control rats. The body weight of the rats, testis, kidney and liver showed no toxic effect. The zinc content increased significantly and the zinc transporter gen of ZnT4 and ZIP4 highly expressed suggesting that the PM, diadzein and genistein plays essential role in modulating prostate zinc homeostasis. Similarly, the expression of IL-6, AR and ER was significantly reduced indicating functioning in regulation of prostate growth and acts as anti-inflammatory role in preventing BPH. In conclusion, the results indicated that PM reduced BPH and contributed to the regulation in the zinc transport expression of the prostate cells in the benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH).

Matched MeSH terms: Hyperplasia/metabolism; Prostatic Hyperplasia/drug therapy*; Prostatic Hyperplasia/metabolism
Fulltext Drug-related problems in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a cross sectional retrospective study

Zaman Huri H, Hui Xin C, Sulaiman CZ

PLoS One, 2014;9(1):e86215.
PMID: 24475089 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086215

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) patients are at risk of acquiring drug-related problems (DRPs), as it is present in the majority of aging men. To date, DRPs among BPH patients have not been well studied. We conducted this retrospective study in a tertiary hospital in Malaysia from January 2009 to June 2012 with the aim of identifying the factors associated with DRPs among BPH patients. The Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe Classification Version (PCNE) 5.01 was used as a tool to classify DRPs. We enrolled 203 patients from 259 hospital admissions. A total of 390 DRPs were found and there was an average of 1.5±1.3 problems per hospitalization. 76.1% of hospital admissions included at least one DRP. The most common DRP categories encountered were drug choice problems (45.9%), drug interactions (24.9%), and dosing problems (13.3%). Factors such as advanced age (p = 0.005), a hospital stay of more than 6 days (p = 0.001), polydrug treatments (p<0.001), multiple comorbidities (p<0.001), and comorbid cardiovascular disease (p = 0.011), diabetes mellitus(p = 0.001), hypertension (p<0.001) and renal impairment (p = 0.011) were significantly associated with the occurrence of DRPs. These data indicated that the prevalence of DRPs is high among BPH patients. The identification of different subtypes of DRPs and the factors associated with DRPs may facilitate risk reduction for BPH patients.

Matched MeSH terms: Prostatic Hyperplasia/drug therapy*; Prostatic Hyperplasia/epidemiology
Immune response to influenza vaccine and pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine under IL-6 signal inhibition therapy with tocilizumab

Tsuru T, Terao K, Murakami M, Matsutani T, Suzaki M, Amamoto T, et al.

Mod Rheumatol, 2014 May;24(3):511-6.
PMID: 24252023 DOI: 10.3109/14397595.2013.843743

To evaluate humoral immune response to influenza vaccine and polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or Castleman's disease (CD) during tocilizumab therapy.

Matched MeSH terms: Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia/drug therapy*; Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia/immunology
Mutational characterization of congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency in Malaysia

Balraj P, Lim PG, Sidek H, Wu LL, Khoo AS

J. Endocrinol. Invest., 2013 Jun;36(6):366-74.
PMID: 23027774 DOI: 10.3275/8648

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD) is a common autosomal recessive disorder. Our objective was to identify the 21-hydroxylase active gene, CYP21A2 mutations in Malaysian 21-OHD patients using different techniques.

Matched MeSH terms: Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital/genetics*; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital/epidemiology
Fulltext Head and neck follicular dendritic cell sarcoma: disease associations and treatment review

Amin Z, Suhaimi Y, Ahmad R

Med J Malaysia, 2010 Mar;65(1):77-9.
PMID: 21265258 MyJurnal

Currently, of less than 50 cases of head and neck follicular dendritic cell (FDC) sarcoma reported in the literature, 5 have been found to occur in the background of Castleman disease. We report another case of head and neck FDC sarcoma with emphasise on its associated lesions and review the outcome of treatment from the existing cases in the literature.

Matched MeSH terms: Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia/complications; Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia/pathology*

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