Displaying publications 41 - 60 of 977 in total

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  1. Cardiac beri-beri. A medical emergency
    Monteiro ES
    Journal of the Malaya Branch of British Medical Association, 1939;3:177-83.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Diseases
  2. Fulltext Transcathether closure of patent ductus arteriosus: our initial experience in University of Malaya Medical Centre
    Zarin Ikmal ZZ, Wan Azman WA, Asma O, Mazeni A
    JUMMEC, 2000;5:45-47.
    Six patients underwent transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) using either conventional Gianturco coils or the Amplatzer Ductal Occluder (ADO) device. All patients were females with a median age of 23.3 (range 4 to 26 years). The mean PDA size measured on the lateral aortogram was 3.81mm (range 2.3-5.831nm). Complete closure of the PDA was achieved in all patients. KEYWORDS: Patent ductus arteriosus, transcatheter device closure
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart
  3. Fulltext Psychometric Properties of the Heart Disease Knowledge Scale: Evidence from Item and Confirmatory Factor Analyses
    Lim BC, Kueh YC, Arifin WN, Ng KH
    Malays J Med Sci, 2016 Jul;23(4):33-45.
    PMID: 27660543 MyJurnal DOI: 10.21315/mjms2016.23.4.5
    Heart disease knowledge is an important concept for health education, yet there is lack of evidence on proper validated instruments used to measure levels of heart disease knowledge in the Malaysian context.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Diseases
  4. Fulltext Rising from the dead!
    Low DW, Looi I, Manocha AB, Ang HA, Nagalingam M, Ayop NA, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 2012 Oct;67(5):538-9.
    PMID: 23770879 MyJurnal
    A report of a patient with Lazarus phenomenon (the return of spontaneous circulation after cardiopulmonary resuscitation) following cardiac arrest (myocardium ischemia) is presented. A 65 year patient was found unconscious at home. He taken to the emergency department On arrival he was unconscious, his pupils fixed and dilated bilaterally. Resuscitation proceeded for 55 minutes. He was then pronounced dead. Forty minutes later spontaneous breathing was noted and his blood pressure was 110/48 and heart rate 90bpm. He survived a further 13 days in the coronary care unit. The implications for management of cardiac arrest in the emergency and medical department are discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Arrest*
  5. Simulation of left ventricle flow dynamics with dilated cardiomyopathy during the filling phase
    Chan BT, Ong CW, Lim E, Abu Osman NA, Al Abed A, Lovell NH, et al.
    Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc, 2012;2012:6289-92.
    PMID: 23367367 DOI: 10.1109/EMBC.2012.6347432
    Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common cardiac disease which leads to the deterioration in cardiac performance. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach can be used to enhance our understanding of the disease, by providing us with a detailed map of the intraventricular flow and pressure distributions. In the present work, effect of ventricular size on the intraventricular flow dynamics and intraventricular pressure gradients (IVPGs) was studied using two different implementation methods, i.e. the geometry-prescribed and the fluid structure interaction (FSI) methods. Results showed that vortex strength and IVPGs are significantly reduced in a dilated heart, leading to an increased risk of thrombus formation and impaired ventricular filling. We suggest FSI method as the ultimate method in studying ventricular dysfunction as it provides additional cardiac disease prognostic factors and more realistic model implementation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Ventricles/physiopathology*
  6. Fulltext Successful management of a patient with stab injury to the heart: a case report
    Cheong MYL, Fong KL
    Med J Malaysia, 1985 Sep;40(3):260-2.
    PMID: 3842724
    This is a case report of a patient with a stab injury into the heart. It highlights the successful management in view of the limited facilities and personnel in a district hospital. This may probably be the first operation of its kind in the country.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Injuries/surgery*
  7. Fulltext Two dimensional echocardiography-a new technique in clinical practice
    Sidek Nontak MA
    Med J Malaysia, 1981 Mar;36(1):52-7.
    PMID: 7321939
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Diseases/diagnosis*
  8. Fulltext Gross age-related changes and diseases in human heart valves
    Gumpangseth T, Mahakkanukrauh P, Das S
    Anat Cell Biol, 2019 Mar;52(1):25-33.
    PMID: 30984448 DOI: 10.5115/acb.2019.52.1.25
    Cardiac valves are highly complex structures optimizing their function during the cardiac cycle. They open and close directed by blood flow under different pressure conditions in the dynamic environment in the heart. It is acknowledged that the aging process affects the structure and functions of the heart valves. With regard to morphometry, age-related changes of the heart valve can be found in valve circumference, thickness of the leaflet, luminal area at the sinotubular junction, valve diameter, orifice area, and leaflet size in circumferential and radial direction. In addition, there are differences between male and female hearts in some features. Moreover, there are studies the qualitative and quantitative assessment of histological compositions, echocardiography study to investigate the annular circumference and diameter in the human heart valves related with age. Studies into the detailed anatomy of the changes in heart valves with age are important and the correlation between valve morphology and age may be used as an age indicator. This study reviews the basic anatomical structure of the heart valves, age-related changes of valve morphometry, heart valve diseases, and general treatment of valvular diseases in humans. Detailed knowledge of the anatomical features of the morphology of the human heart valve is useful for any treatments of valve pathology.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Valve Diseases; Heart Valves
  9. Influence of various risk factors on the level of ST2 biomarker in patients with heart failure and diabetes mellitus type 2
    Rudyk IS, Medentseva OO, Gasanov IC, Babichev DP
    Pol Merkur Lekarski, 2021 Apr 18;49(290):95-98.
    PMID: 33895752
    Heart failure (HF) despite the progress in treatment remains the main health problem worldwide. Biomarker ST2 is currently being studied in patients with HF due to its high potential predictive value and promising prospects for use as a component of biomarker-controlled therapy. The factors that can impact on the ST2 biomarker level in diabetic patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) are still not well known.

    AIM: The aim of the study was to determine the influence of various risk factors on ST2 levels in patients with HFpEF and diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM).

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of one hundred and thirty-four patients (74 females and 60 males, 51 diabetic patients and 83 patients without T2DM with HFpEF were examined. Duration of HF and T2DM, common risk factors, such as smoking, overweight, clinical examination, parameters of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and M235T polymorphism of ATG have been used. Multivariate backward stepwise cox regression analysis was performed in Statistica 10,0. p<0,05 was considered statistically significant.

    RESULTS: ST2 level in patients with HFpEF associated with T2DM exceeded this value in patients with HFpEF without T2DM and was 23.26 ng/ml (18.5: 29.3) vs. 20.39 ng/ml (18.3: 24.6), respectively (p<0,05). To assess the cumulative effect of the studied factors on the ST2 level, we performed the Cox's stepwise multivariate regression analysis. Smoking, HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance), glucose, HbA1 and insulin levels were found to be the most significant factors influencing ST2 levels in patients with HF and T2DM, indicating a significant effect of DM type 2 on ST2 concentration.

    CONCLUSIONS: Smoking, HOMA-IR, glucose, HbA1, and insulin levels can significantly affect ST2 levels in patients with T2DM and HFpEF.

    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Failure*
  10. Fulltext Clinical interpretations of the effectiveness of changes in body position during aerobic fitness after neurologic injury
    Izan NF, Salleh SH, Ting CM, Noman F, Sh-Hussain H, Poznanski RR, et al.
    J Integr Neurosci, 2020 Sep 30;19(3):479-487.
    PMID: 33070527 DOI: 10.31083/j.jin.2020.03.222
    The purpose is to estimate the effectiveness of electrocardiograms during resting and active participation by the differentiation between the electrical activity of the heart while standing and sitting in a resting state. The concern is to identify the electrocardiogram parameters that did not show significant changes within these positions. The electrocardiogram parameters can be considered to be a standard marker for medically compromised patients. The electrocardiogram is recorded in the standing and sitting positions focusing on healthy participants using standard electrode placement of lead-I. Combined lead-I patterns (camel-hump or ST-segment prolongation) are usually seen in neurologic injury or hypothermia patients. The pairwise comparisons of a year data are about 454,400 cycles of sitting and 493,470 cycles of standing data. Thus, it is essential to quantify the nature and magnitude of changes seen in the electrocardiogram with a change of posture from sitting to standing in a healthy individual. This makes the findings of electrocardiogram analysis in this paper interesting in which some parameters (i.e., camel-hump patterns in lead-I) are helpful for clinical interpretations and could be suggestive of neurologic injury.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart/physiology*
  11. Phenotyping of hypertensive heart disease and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy using personalized 3D modelling and cardiac cine MRI
    Chuah SH, Md Sari NA, Chew BT, Tan LK, Chiam YK, Chan BT, et al.
    Phys Med, 2020 Oct;78:137-149.
    PMID: 33007738 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2020.08.022
    Differential diagnosis of hypertensive heart disease (HHD) and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is clinically challenging but important for treatment management. This study aims to phenotype HHD and HCM in 3D + time domain by using a multiparametric motion-corrected personalized modeling algorithm and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). 44 CMR data, including 12 healthy, 16 HHD and 16 HCM cases, were examined. Multiple CMR phenotype data consisting of geometric and dynamic variables were extracted globally and regionally from the models over a full cardiac cycle for comparison against healthy models and clinical reports. Statistical classifications were used to identify the distinctive characteristics and disease subtypes with overlapping functional data, providing insights into the challenges for differential diagnosis of both types of disease. While HCM is characterized by localized extreme hypertrophy of the LV, wall thickening/contraction/strain was found to be normal and in sync, though it was occasionally exaggerated at normotrophic/less severely hypertrophic regions during systole to preserve the overall ejection fraction (EF) and systolic functionality. Additionally, we observed that hypertrophy in HHD could also be localized, although at less extreme conditions (i.e. more concentric). While fibrosis occurs mostly in those HCM cases with aortic obstruction, only minority of HHD patients were found affected by fibrosis. We demonstrate that subgroups of HHD (i.e. preserved and reduced EF: HHDpEF & HHDrEF) have different 3D + time CMR characteristics. While HHDpEF has cardiac functions in normal range, dilation and heart failure are indicated in HHDrEF as reflected by low LV wall thickening/contraction/strain and synchrony, as well as much reduced EF.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Diseases*
  12. Inverted left atrial appendage masquerading as a cardiac mass
    Leong MC, Latiff HA, Hew CC, Mazlan SL, Osman H
    Echocardiography, 2013 Feb;30(2):E33-5.
    PMID: 23134298 DOI: 10.1111/echo.12044
    An inverted left atrial appendage is a rare phenomenon post cardiac surgery. The lesion presents as an additional mass in the left atrium, which would trigger unnecessary concerns and frequently, a battery of tests. The lesion can be easily diagnosed using echocardiography. We report a case of inverted left atrial appendage in a patient post repair of common arterial trunk. Echocardiographic pictures and features which help to identify this lesion as well as to differentiate it from other possible left atrial mass are described. This article aimed to improve the awareness of sonographers toward this rare but possible post operative lesion.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Diseases/etiology; Heart Diseases/surgery; Heart Diseases/ultrasonography*; Heart Neoplasms/diagnosis; Heart Septal Defects/surgery
  13. Making collapsing pulse user-friendly
    Puthiaparampil T
    Med J Malaysia, 2020 07;75(4):406-408.
    PMID: 32724004
    Collapsing pulse is generally elicited by elevating the patient's arm. However, the pulse becoming stronger on arm elevation is a physiological phenomenon, which is bound to create confusion, if routine lifting of the arm in search of collapsing pulse is practiced. The name 'collapsing pulse' represents only the second component of this sign. It masks the more important first component - the slapping, bounding upstroke, characterised by its other name 'water-hammer pulse'. It is possible to elicit this sign by appreciating the slapping character on routine pulse examination. The insistence on arm lifting in medical school teaching is better avoided.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Rate/physiology*
  14. Fulltext Metabolic maturation of differentiating cardiosphere-derived cells
    Pakzad KK, Tan JJ, Anderson S, Board M, Clarke K, Carr CA
    Stem Cell Res, 2021 07;54:102422.
    PMID: 34118565 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2021.102422
    Cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs) can be expanded in vitro and induced to differentiate along the cardiac lineage. To recapitulate the phenotype of an adult cardiomyocyte, differentiating progenitors need to upregulate mitochondrial glucose and fatty acid oxidation. Here we cultured and differentiated CDCs using protocols aimed to maintain stemness or to promote differentiation, including triggering fatty acid oxidation using an agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα). Metabolic changes were characterised in undifferentiated CDCs and during differentiation towards a cardiac phenotype. CDCs from rat atria were expanded on fibronectin or collagen IV via cardiosphere formation. Differentiation was assessed using flow cytometry and qPCR and substrate metabolism was quantified using radiolabelled substrates. Collagen IV promoted proliferation of CDCs whereas fibronectin primed cells for differentiation towards a cardiac phenotype. In both populations, treatment with 5-Azacytidine induced a switch towards oxidative metabolism, as shown by changes in gene expression, decreased glycolytic flux and increased oxidation of glucose and palmitate. Addition of a PPARα agonist during differentiation increased both glucose and fatty acid oxidation and expression of cardiac genes. We conclude that oxidative metabolism and cell differentiation act in partnership with increases in one driving an increase in the other.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Atria*
  15. Fulltext ‘Focal’ cardiac concussion - an under recognized problem?
    Tan, T.L., Dazlin Masdiana, S., Robertson, C.
    Medicine & Health, 2015;10(1):80-85.
    MyJurnal
    Cardiac concussion is a sudden, direct blunt trauma cause to the chest which led to death. However, there are patients who did not completely fulfil this definition. We report two cases which did not fit into the definition domain. Two male patients presented to Emergency Department with moderate anterior chest pain after motor vehicle crash showed transient anterior ST segment elevation at chest lead V2 and V3 with raised creatine kinase and normal troponin T. The electrocardiogram changes fully resolved after 24 hours. Both patients were discharged uneventfully after 24 hours monitoring in Emergency Department short-stay ward. Conventional definition of cardiac concussion (commotion cordis) and cardiac contusion may be unsuitable to describe these cases. Therefore, we propose the diagnosis of focal
    cardiac concussion. We also highlighted the ability of Emergency Department to manage these patients in short-stay ward.
    Keywords: commotio cordis, chest pain, nonpenetrating, electrocardiography
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Injuries*
  16. Myocardial fibrosis
    Khaira BS
    Med J Malaya, 1956 Mar;10(3):264-6.
    PMID: 13347458
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Diseases*
  17. The surgical aspects of congenital heart disease
    SALE TA
    Med J Malaya, 1955 Dec;10(2):113-25.
    PMID: 13308614
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Defects, Congenital*
  18. Nanoparticle delivery of mitoprotective agents to target ischemic heart disease
    Ong SB, Lu S, Katwadi K, Ismail NI, Kwek XY, Hausenloy DJ
    Future Cardiol, 2017 05;13(3):195-198.
    PMID: 28569551 DOI: 10.2217/fca-2017-0012
    Matched MeSH terms: Mitochondria, Heart/drug effects*
  19. The study of border zone formation in ischemic heart using electro-chemical coupled computational model
    Wan Ab Naim WN, Mokhtarudin MJM, Lim E, Chan BT, Ahmad Bakir A, Nik Mohamed NA
    Int J Numer Method Biomed Eng, 2020 11;36(11):e3398.
    PMID: 32857480 DOI: 10.1002/cnm.3398
    Myocardial infarction (MI) is the most common cause of a heart failure, which occurs due to myocardial ischemia leading to left ventricular (LV) remodeling. LV remodeling particularly occurs at the ischemic area and the region surrounds it, known as the border zone. The role of the border zone in initiating LV remodeling process urges the investigation on the correlation between early border zone changes and remodeling outcome. Thus, this study aims to simulate a preliminary conceptual work of the border zone formation and evolution during onset of MI and its effect towards early LV remodeling processes by incorporating the oxygen concentration effect on the electrophysiology of an idealized three-dimensional LV through electro-chemical coupled mathematical model. The simulation result shows that the region of border zone, represented by the distribution of electrical conductivities, keeps expanding over time. Based on this result, the border zone is also proposed to consist of three sub-regions, namely mildly, moderately, and seriously impaired conductivity regions, which each region categorized depending on its electrical conductivities. This division could be used as a biomarker for classification of reversible and irreversible myocardial injury and will help to identify the different risks for the survival of patient. Larger ischemic size and complete occlusion of the coronary artery can be associated with an increased risk of developing irreversible injury, in particular if the reperfusion treatment is delayed. Increased irreversible injury area can be related with cardiovascular events and will further deteriorate the LV function over time.
    Matched MeSH terms: Heart; Heart Failure
  20. Fulltext Generalizability of randomized controlled trials in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
    Lim YMF, Molnar M, Vaartjes I, Savarese G, Eijkemans MJC, Uijl A, et al.
    Eur Heart J Qual Care Clin Outcomes, 2022 10 26;8(7):761-769.
    PMID: 34596659 DOI: 10.1093/ehjqcco/qcab070
    BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) trials have stringent inclusion and exclusion criteria, but limited data exist regarding generalizability of trials. We compared patient characteristics and outcomes between patients with HF and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) in trials and observational registries.

    METHODS AND RESULTS: Individual patient data for 16 922 patients from five randomized clinical trials and 46 914 patients from two HF registries were included. The registry patients were categorized into trial-eligible and non-eligible groups using the most commonly used inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 26 104 (56%) registry patients fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Unadjusted all-cause mortality rates at 1 year were lowest in the trial population (7%), followed by trial-eligible patients (12%) and trial-non-eligible registry patients (26%). After adjustment for age and sex, all-cause mortality rates were similar between trial participants and trial-eligible registry patients [standardized mortality ratio (SMR) 0.97; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.92-1.03] but cardiovascular mortality was higher in trial participants (SMR 1.19; 1.12-1.27). After full case-mix adjustment, the SMR for cardiovascular mortality remained higher in the trials at 1.28 (1.20-1.37) compared to RCT-eligible registry patients.

    CONCLUSION: In contemporary HF registries, over half of HFrEF patients would have been eligible for trial enrolment. Crude clinical event rates were lower in the trials, but, after adjustment for case-mix, trial participants had similar rates of survival as registries. Despite this, they had about 30% higher cardiovascular mortality rates. Age and sex were the main drivers of differences in clinical outcomes between HF trials and observational HF registries.

    Matched MeSH terms: Heart Failure*
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