Displaying publications 381 - 400 of 940 in total

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  1. Fulltext Congenital hepatic fibrosis in a child with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
    Kanaheswari Y, Hamzaini AH, Wong SW
    Med J Malaysia, 2008 Aug;63(3):251-3.
    PMID: 19248702 MyJurnal
    The association of congenital hepatic fibrosis (CHF) with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) is well known and occurs in approximately 50% of cases. However the association of CHF with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is less well known and less well documented. We report a child with neonatal onset of hypertension due to ADPKD who later develops portal hypertension due to CHF in childhood. A review of this rare association follows.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension, Portal/etiology
  2. Fulltext Beta blockers in hypertension and cardiovascular disease
    Ong HT
    BMJ, 2007 May 5;334(7600):946-9.
    PMID: 17478848
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension/drug therapy*
  3. Inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme activity by a partially purified fraction of Gynura procumbens in spontaneously hypertensive rats
    Hoe SZ, Kamaruddin MY, Lam SK
    Med Princ Pract, 2007;16(3):203-8.
    PMID: 17409755
    To investigate the hypotensive and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities of a partially purified fraction (FA-I) of the leaves of Gynura procumbens and to qualitatively analyse the putative compounds present in the fraction.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension/drug therapy*
  4. Influence of the Angiotensin II type I receptor gene 1166A > C polymorphism on BP and aortic pulse wave velocity among Malays
    Rehman A, Rasool AH, Naing L, Roshan TM, Rahman AR
    Ann. Hum. Genet., 2007 Jan;71(Pt 1):86-95.
    PMID: 17227479
    Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AGT1R) gene 1166A > C polymorphism has been shown to be associated with essential hypertension and aortic stiffness as measured by carotid femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV). This study was carried out to investigate the association of the 1166A > C polymorphism with blood pressure (BP) and PWV among Malay hypertensive and normotensive subjects. Two hundred and one hypertensive subjects without evidence of cardiovascular (CV) complications and 201 age- and sex-matched normotensive subjects were studied in a cross-sectional design. Blood pressures (BP) and PWV were measured, and 1166A > C genotype was determined by polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction enzyme digestion. The 1166C allele frequency was 7.96% and 7.73% among Malay hypertensive and normotensive subjects, respectively. There was no association of the 1166A > C polymorphism with BP in the hypertensive, normotensive or overall Malay populations. PWV was significantly higher among 1166C allele carriers as compared to non-carriers (10.52 +/- 1.82 vs. 10.15 +/- 1.80, p = 0.040) in the overall population, but not in the hypertensive and normotensive populations separately. In conclusion, the frequency of 1166C polymorphism is similar among Malay hypertensive and normotensive subjects. This polymorphism has no association with BP but may have an influence on PWV in Malays, which needs further investigation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension/genetics
  5. Fulltext Blood pressure distribution in an Iranian adolescent population: "Tehran Lipid and Glucose study"
    Ghanbarian A, Rezaei-Ghaleh N, Salehi P, Azizi F
    Med J Malaysia, 2006 Oct;61(4):433-7.
    PMID: 17243520
    Significant hypertension in adolescence is defined according to Blood Pressure (BP) distribution among general population. The present study was conducted to determine the BP distribution in Iranian adolescents. In a population-based study held in Tehran, BP data for 2560 participants aged 10-17 years (1247 boys and 1313 girls) were collected. The 90th and 95th percentiles of systolic (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) were obtained for different age and height subgroups of boys and girls. While the 90th and 95th percentiles of SBP obtained in our study were generally lower than international guidelines, the corresponding percentiles of DBP were higher. Significant associations were found between BP and age, height, weight and BMI. According to our findings, it is necessary to prepare BP reference tables according to regional surveys.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension/epidemiology*
  6. Fulltext Audit of hypertension in general practice
    Chan SC, Chandramani T, Chen TY, Chong KN, Harbaksh S, Lee TW, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 2005 Oct;60(4):475-82.
    PMID: 16570710
    An audit of hypertension management was done in October 2004 in nine general practice (GP) clinics. Two structure, ten process and two outcome indicators were assessed. Results showed that targets were achieved in only four indicators, i.e., weight recording (89%), BP monitoring (85.8%), follow-up interval not exceeding 6 months (87.9%) and mean diastolic BP (73.9%). The other indicators (hypertension registry, reminder mechanisms for defaulters, recording of smoking, height, fundoscopy, monitoring of lipid profile, blood sugar, ECG, renal function and achievement of target mean systolic pressure) showed adequacy percentages varying from 22.1 to 68.7. Out of the 1260 patients assessed, 743 (59%) achieved a mean BP < or = 140/90 (or < or = 130/80 mmHg with diabetes mellitus / renal insufficiency) in the last 3 recorded readings. There was a vast difference between individual clinics. Reasons for not achieving targets were discussed and remedial measures for implementation were recommended.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension/prevention & control*
  7. Tissue kallikrein and kininogen levels in fetoplacental tissues from normotensive pregnant women and women with pregnancy-induced hypertension
    Mohamed M, Larmie ET, Singh HJ, Othman MS
    Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol, 2007 Sep;134(1):15-9.
    PMID: 17050061
    An imbalance of vasoconstrictor and vasodilator substances in the placenta has been postulated in the pathogenesis of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH). There is however little information available on the kallikrein-kinin system (KKS) in women with PIH. The aim of this study therefore was to determine tissue kallikrein and kininogen levels and their distribution patterns in fetoplacental tissues from both normotensive pregnant (NTP) women and women with PIH.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced/physiopathology*
  8. Fulltext Blood pressure variability and arterial elasticity in hypertensive subjects
    Rafidah HM, Azizi A, Noriah MN
    Med J Malaysia, 2006 Jun;61(2):189-98.
    PMID: 16898310 MyJurnal
    Apart from the mean 24 hour ambulatory blood pressure (ABP), the blood pressure variability (BPV) also bears an independent relationship with target-organ damage in hypertension. A reduction in arterial compliance has been demonstrated in hypertension but its relation to BPV is still unknown. The aim of the study is to compare BPV and arterial compliance between hypertensive and normotensive subjects. Eighteen hypertensives and 18 controls were enrolled. Noninvasive 24-hour ABP monitoring was performed with BR-102 monitor (Schiller Inc. Germany). Arterial compliance was determined by the HDI/Pulsewave Research Cardiovascular Profiling Instrument (Hypertension Diagnostic Inc. USA). There were significantly higher systolic, diastolic and mean arterial BPV in hypertensives as compared to normotensive group. Only systolic BPV remained significantly high in hypertensives during night time. There were lower arterial compliances in hypertensive as compared to normotensive group. No significant relationship however was found between BPV and arterial compliance in hypertensive subjects. In conclusion, there were higher BPV and lower arterial compliances in hypertensive subjects as compared to normotensive subjects.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension/physiopathology*
  9. Diagnostic cerebral angiography in spontaneous intracranial haemorrhage: a guide for developing countries
    Abu Bakar I, Shuaib IL, Mohd Ariff AR, Naing NN, Abdullah JM
    Asian J Surg, 2005 Jan;28(1):1-6.
    PMID: 15691788
    OBJECTIVE: Spontaneous intracranial haemorrhage constitutes 18-40% of all stroke cases. Indications for cerebral angiography to find underlying potentially treatable vascular abnormalities are not clear. This study determined which intracranial haemorrhage patients need cerebral angiography by correlating computed tomography (CT) findings, age and hypertension history with cerebral angiography findings.

    METHODS: A total of 54 patients (8-79 years) with intracranial haemorrhage who underwent both CT examination and six-vessel cerebral angiography were studied over a 2-year period. Cerebral angiography was repeated within 6 weeks if the first angiogram was negative.

    RESULTS: Angiography detected vascular lesions in 50% of cases (aneurysm 38.9% and arteriovenous malformation, AVM, 11.1%). In the aneurysm group, angiographic yield was 34.3% whereas in the AVM group, it was 37.9%. Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) combined with other types of haemorrhage (such as intracerebral haemorrhage, ICH) was not significantly correlated with the likelihood of finding a vascular lesion, both aneurysm and AVM (p = 0.157). Age less than 50 years had significant correlation (p = 0.021) in the AVM group as well as in the aneurysm group (p < 0.001). A history of hypertension was associated with both aneurysm (p = 0.039) and AVM (p = 0.008). No patients with deep intracerebral haematoma had vascular lesions. The presence of an intravascular haemorrhage (IVH) had significant correlation with aneurysm (p = 0.008) but not AVM. There was no significant difference in mean age between patients with and without a vascular lesion (p = 0.134).

    CONCLUSION: Cerebral angiography is justified in patients with ICH accompanied by pure SAH (p = 0.001). Other factors associated with finding a vascular lesion were a history of hypertension and the presence of IVH. Diagnostic cerebral angiography is indicated for patients with ICH and SAH and IVH with a history of hypertension, regardless of age.

    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension/epidemiology
  10. Fulltext Blood pressure in rural and urban adult healthy females of Jat Sikh community in Punjab, North India: an epidemiologic profile
    Sidhu S, Badaruddoza, Kaur A
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 Jun;59(2):233-41.
    PMID: 15559175
    Blood pressure readings were collected from 1042 adult females of rural and urban Jat Sikh community of Punjab, a north Indian State. Anthropometric measurements like height, weight and skinfold thickness were also collected. The difference between rural and urban females in systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure was found to be statistically significant. All anthropometric variables and age have a significant positive association with blood pressure. The effects of anthropometric variables on blood pressure were assessed simultaneously through stepwise multiple regression analysis. All 'F' ratios have been found highly significant (p < 0.001) among both rural and urban female population.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension/epidemiology*
  11. Fulltext High blood pressure and associated cardiovascular risk factors in Iran: Isfahan Healthy Heart Programme
    Sadeghi M, Roohafza HR, Kelishadi R
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 Oct;59(4):460-7.
    PMID: 15779578
    This study was done to estimate the prevalence of high blood pressure (BP) in treated and non-treated subjects with respect to age and gender and its association with other cardiovascular risk factors in Iran. This cross sectional study was performed in three cities of Iran on participants over 19 years at 2002. First a questionnaire consisting of demographic details, drug intake and smoking status was filled. Then physical examination including systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP), body mass index (BMI) and waist to hip circumference (WHC) was performed. Fasting blood sample was drawn for sugar (FBS), total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) and a 2-hour postprandial glucose was also measured. In this study performed on 12494 subjects, 48% were males and 52% females. The mean age of men and women was 38.99+/-15.30 and 38.80+/-14.54 years respectively. The prevalence of high BP in men and women was 15.6% and 18.8% respectively. The prevalence of high BP was higher in women than in men, except in the younger age classes. Overall 26.7% of hypertensive men and 47.7% of hypertensive women were on anti-hypertensive pharmacological treatment. Among the treated patients, BP was under control in 6.4% of the men and 13.8% of the women. In 86.5% of men with high BP and 89.3% of women with high BP, at least one other cardiovascular risk factor was present and its prevalence increased with age in both genders. BMI >25 (especially abdominal obesity) was the most frequent associated risk factor (41.9% in male, 59% in female). Except for smoking, the prevalence of each cardiovascular risk factor increased with the severity of hypertension, except in young women. The prevalence of high BP- even in treated subjects- is high in Iran. Many subjects with high BP have at least one other associated cardiovascular risk factor. These data emphasize the necessity of implementing community-based interventions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension/epidemiology
  12. Fulltext Behaviour change strategies for reducing blood pressure-related disease burden: findings from a global implementation research programme
    GACD Hypertension Research Programme, Writing Group, Peiris D, Thompson SR, Beratarrechea A, Cárdenas MK, Diez-Canseco F, et al.
    Implement Sci, 2015;10:158.
    PMID: 26553092 DOI: 10.1186/s13012-015-0331-0
    The Global Alliance for Chronic Diseases comprises the majority of the world's public research funding agencies. It is focussed on implementation research to tackle the burden of chronic diseases in low- and middle-income countries and amongst vulnerable populations in high-income countries. In its inaugural research call, 15 projects were funded, focussing on lowering blood pressure-related disease burden. In this study, we describe a reflexive mapping exercise to identify the behaviour change strategies undertaken in each of these projects.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension/drug therapy*
  13. Fulltext Validation of ethnopharmacological uses of Murraya paniculata in disorders of diarrhea, asthma and hypertension
    Saqib F, Ahmed MG, Janbaz KH, Dewanjee S, Jaafar HZ, Zia-Ul-Haq M
    BMC Complement Altern Med, 2015;15:319.
    PMID: 26354022 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0837-7
    Murraya paniculata is traditionally used for management of gut, air way and cardiovascular disorders. The study was conducted for provision of pharmacological rationalization for folkloric uses of Murraya paniculata in gut, air way and cardiovascular problems.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension/metabolism*
  14. Uncontrolled hypertension, palpitation and sweating in young female - A rare cause
    Sandeep HV, Sarat KS, Ng LT
    Med J Malaysia, 2016 02;71(1):39-40.
    PMID: 27130746
    Extra-adrenal /retroperitoneal paraganglioma is a rare cause of hypertension in young with increased incidence of metastasis as compared to adrenal pheochromocytoma. We present a case of a young female with history of headache, nausea/vomiting, palpitations, uncontrolled hypertension, heat intolerance and diaphoresis. The 24-hour urine catecholamine levels were elevated. Clinical diagnosis of pheochromocytoma was made and further evaluation with Computed Tomography (CT) scan of the adrenals revealed extradrenal para-aortic retroperitoneal mass in keeping with paraganglioma. Gallium-68 DOTATE positron emission tomography-CT scan (PET-CT) confirmed the diagnosis without evidence of metastatic foci.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension/etiology*
  15. Fulltext Novel Association of WNK4 Gene, Ala589Ser Polymorphism in Essential Hypertension, and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Malaysia
    Ghodsian N, Ismail P, Ahmadloo S, Heidari F, Haghvirdizadeh P, Ataollahi Eshkoor S, et al.
    J Diabetes Res, 2016;2016:8219543.
    PMID: 27314050 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8219543
    With-no-lysine (K) Kinase-4 (WNK4) consisted of unique serine and threonine protein kinases, genetically associated with an autosomal dominant form of hypertension. Argumentative consequences have lately arisen on the association of specific single nucleotide polymorphisms of WNK4 gene and essential hypertension (EHT). The aim of this study was to determine the association of Ala589Ser polymorphism of WNK4 gene with essential hypertensive patients in Malaysia. WNK4 gene polymorphism was specified utilizing mutagenically separated polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method in 320 subjects including 163 cases and 157 controls. Close relation between Ala589Ser polymorphism and elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) was recognized. Sociodemographic factors including body mass index (BMI), age, the level of fasting blood sugar (FBS), low density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglyceride (TG) in the cases and healthy subjects exhibited strong differences (p < 0.05). The distribution of allele frequency and genotype of WNK4 gene Ala589Ser polymorphism showed significant differences (p < 0.05) between EHT subjects with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and normotensive subjects, statistically. The WNK4 gene variation influences significantly blood pressure increase. Ala589Ser probably has effects on the enzymic activity leading to enhanced predisposition to the disorder.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension/genetics*
  16. Fulltext Health status of senior civil servants in Kuala Lumpur
    Liew YM, Zulkifli A, Tan H, Ho YN, Khoo KL
    Med J Malaysia, 1997 Dec;52(4):348-66.
    PMID: 10968112
    733 senior civil servants comprising 520 males and 213 females with a mean age of 44 years (range 25-56 years) were screened for their health status. The sample population comprised of 67.9% Malays, 22.5% Chinese, 9.1% Indians and 0.4% other ethnic origins. The subjects' medical histories were recorded and a full medical examination including anthropometric measurements (weight, height, waist and hip circumference), blood biochemistry and urine analysis, chest X-ray and electrocardiograms were done. The results obtained showed that 36.0% of the study population were overweight with 6.5% being obese. Of this 32.0% had central obesity. 15.2% of the subjects had systolic hypertension (systolic BP > or = 140 mmHg) whilst 27.6% had diastolic hypertension (diastolic BP > or = 90 mmHg). Hyperlipidaemia was common, with 75.2% subjects having raised cholesterol, 19.9% raised triglycerides, 50.2% raised LDL-C, 74.6% raised TC:HDL-C and 26.6% raised LDL:HDL-C. An elevated blood glucose was found in 8.4% subjects, whilst urine sugar was detected in only 2.6%, and a raised uric acid was found in 2.8% subjects. The prevalence of hypertension, raised blood glucose and hyperlipidaemia increased with age with more males affected than females. Although hypercholesterolaemia appeared more frequently amongst the Malays, the Indians, by comparison had the highest prevalence for a raised LDL:HDL-C ratio, a reflection of the increase in LDL-C and a concomitant decrease in HDL-C. The latter findings indicate that the Indians are at greater risk for the development of coronary heart disease than the Chinese and Malays. In addition, the mean levels of serum cholesterol found in this study seemed to have exceeded the levels found in populations in the industrialised countries such as the USA. There is thus an urgent need for more public health campaigns aimed at the reduction and control of such coronary risk factors.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension/epidemiology
  17. Fulltext Patients' knowledge and attitude towards treatment and control of hypertension: a nation-wide telephone survey conducted in Malaysia
    Khoo KL, Liew YM, Tan H, Sambhi JS, Hatijah BA
    Med J Malaysia, 1999 Mar;54(1):37-46.
    PMID: 10972003
    The telephone survey of 2,526 hypertensive subjects showed 94% of the respondents were aware of the importance in controlling hypertension. Among these 504 were not on anti-hypertensive medication while the majority of 2,022 were currently on anti-hypertensive medication. Of those who were not on medication, 80% (n = 403) were found non-hypertensive on follow-up. The remaining 20% (n = 101) were confirmed hypertensive and were offered medication. However, 38 subjects refused to take medication and 63 subjects complied with medication but subsequently gave up. The main reasons for giving up medication included lack of motivation (38%), doctors' advice (20%), side effects (19%) and concern of side effects (10%). Of 2,022 hypertensive respondents who were currently on medication, almost half (44%, n = 890) required a change of medication due to side effects (40%, n = 356) or the blood pressure not controlled with the previous medication (33%, n = 294). Despite the change in medication, 42% (n = 150) still continued to suffer from some form of side effects. The information obtained from this survey suggested it is important to recommend some strategies to improve patient compliance. These strategies comprise of motivating the patient, improving medication with less side effects, improving potency and efficiency of medication, and reduction of cost in medication. In addition, convenient blood pressure monitoring such as home blood pressure monitoring is also encouraged.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension/drug therapy*
  18. Comparative efficacy of perindopril and enalapril once daily using 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring
    Yusoff K, Razak TA, Yusof N, Rafee NM
    Int J Clin Pract, 1999 Jun;53(4):277-80.
    PMID: 10563072
    ACE inhibitors are important therapeutic agents in controlling hypertension, correcting some of its pathophysiological derangement and improving its prognosis. While there are many such agents, there may be some important differences between them. This placebo run-in, double blind, crossover study, using 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, compares the efficacy of perindopril 4-8 mg and enalapril 10-20 mg as once daily antihypertensive agents on 32 patients. For diastolic blood pressure (DBP), perindopril had a placebo-corrected peak (P) reduction of blood pressure (BP) of -6.4 +/- 1.3 mmHg vs its placebo-corrected trough (T) of -5.2 +/- 1.7 mmHg. Enalapril had a reduction in DBP of -8.5 +/- 1.3 mmHg (P) and -5.7 +/- 1.7 mmHg (T). For systolic blood pressure (SBP), perindopril had a reduction of -7.5 +/- 1.6 mmHg (P) vs -7.3 +/- 2.2 mmHg (T) compared to enalapril with -10.8 +/- 1.6 mmHg (P) vs -8.3 +/- 2.3 mmHg (T). Placebo-corrected trough-to-peak ratio (SBP/DBP) for perindopril was 0.97/0.81 vs 0.77/0.67 for enalapril. There was no difference noted in 24-hour mean BP, area under the curve or post-dose casual BP measurements. Both perindopril and enalapril were well tolerated and the two treatment groups had similar safety profiles. Perindopril thus had a predictable and sustained blood pressure effect giving a 24-hour cover for the patient without excessive peak effect or poor trough effect.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension/drug therapy*
  19. Fulltext Distribution of blood pressure in a national sample of Malaysian adults
    Lim TO, Ding LM, Goh BL, Zaki M, Suleiman AB, Maimunah AH, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 2000 Mar;55(1):90-107.
    PMID: 11072495 MyJurnal
    We describe the distribution of blood pressure (BP) by age, sex and ethnicity in Malaysian adults. A national sample of 21,391 individuals aged 30 or older had usable data. They were selected by stratified 2-stage cluster sampling. BP was measured using an automated oscillometric device, Visomat. Percentile tables and curves by age, sex and ethnicity are presented. The systolic and diastolic BP distribution was right skewed and showed the expected increase with age. This was markedly so in Malay and other indigenous women; as a result they had most severe hypertension.
    Study name: National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS-1996)
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension/epidemiology
  20. Pregnancy-induced hypertension and placenta previa: a racial and geographical perspective
    Wang JC, Hin LY, Ng KB
    Int J Gynaecol Obstet, 1999 Dec;67(3):177-8.
    PMID: 10659902
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension/ethnology*
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