Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 145 in total

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  1. Spatial patterns in the distribution of tropical tree species
    Condit R, Ashton PS, Baker P, Bunyavejchewin S, Gunatilleke S, Gunatilleke N, et al.
    Science, 2000 May 26;288(5470):1414-8.
    PMID: 10827950
    Fully mapped tree census plots of large area, 25 to 52 hectares, have now been completed at six different sites in tropical forests, including dry deciduous to wet evergreen forest on two continents. One of the main goals of these plots has been to evaluate spatial patterns in tropical tree populations. Here the degree of aggregation in the distribution of 1768 tree species is examined based on the average density of conspecific trees in circular neighborhoods around each tree. When all individuals larger than 1 centimeter in stem diameter were included, nearly every species was more aggregated than a random distribution. Considering only larger trees (>/= 10 centimeters in diameter), the pattern persisted, with most species being more aggregated than random. Rare species were more aggregated than common species. All six forests were very similar in all the particulars of these results.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sri Lanka
  2. Fulltext The health of plantation workers
    Richards T
    Br Med J (Clin Res Ed), 1986 Sep 20;293(6549):714.
    PMID: 3094623
    Matched MeSH terms: Sri Lanka
  3. The IUAT mutual assistance programme
    Selvaratnam A
    Bull Int Union Tuberc, 1970 Jun;43:378-80.
    PMID: 5425569
    Matched MeSH terms: Sri Lanka
  4. Fulltext Twenty-eight new species of the spider genus Merizocera Fage, 1912 (Araneae, Psilodercidae) from South and Southeast Asia
    Chang WJ, Yao Z, Li S
    Zookeys, 2020;961:41-118.
    PMID: 32904093 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.961.53058
    Previously, the genus Merizocera Fage, 1912 comprised only seven species from Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, and Thailand. In this study, 28 new species are described from South and Southeast Asia: M. baoshan Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. betong Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. colombo Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. galle Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. hponkanrazi Li, sp. nov. (♂), M. kachin Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. kandy Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. mandai Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. krabi Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. kurunegala Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. lincang Li, sp. nov. (♀), M. mainling Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. nyingchi Li, sp. nov. (♀), M. peraderiya Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. phuket Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. putao Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. ranong Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. ratnapura Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. salawa Li, sp. nov. (♂), M. tak Li, sp. nov. (♀), M. tanintharyi Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. tengchong Li, sp. nov. (♂), M. thenna Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. uva Li, sp. nov. (♀), M. wenshan Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. wui Li, sp. nov. (♂♀), M. yala Li, sp. nov. (♀), and M. yuxi Li, sp. nov. (♂♀). Among them the genus Merizocera is reported for the first time from China, Myanmar, and Singapore.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sri Lanka
  5. Fulltext [Travel Related Fever and Rash: Two Cases of Dengue Fever]
    Karabay O, Güçlü E, Şimşek A, Okan HD, Öğütlü A, Coşgun Y, et al.
    Mikrobiyol Bul, 2019 Jul;53(3):348-353.
    PMID: 31414637 DOI: 10.5578/mb.68050
    The frequency of travel-related infections in the world has increased due to the easily and widespread use of travel facilities in the 21st century. Vector-borne diseases are an important part of infectious diseases. Dengue fever is one of the travel-related infections that has been reported increasingly in recent years through the development of diagnostic methods. The aim of this report was to present two Dengue fever cases originating from travel. There was a story of mosquito bite during a trip to Sri Lanka travel in our first case. The patient was 30 years old and maculopapular rash appeared on the fifth day of contact. Three days after the onset of the rash, she has admitted to our clinic, complaining with fever and chills. Increased leukopenia and muscle enzymes were detected in the laboratory analysis. Real-time reverse transcriptase polimerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was positive in the serum sample. The patient was followed up with supportive care and discharged by improvement. The second case, a 24-year-old male, had a story of mosquito bite during his trip to Malaysia. After the patient complained of fever, chills, fever, nausea, vomiting and muscle pain, the Dengue virus (DENV) NS1 antigen test performed in this country was found to be positive. In the second case, there was no maculopapular rash and laboratory analysis showed an increase in leukopenia, thrombocytopenia and muscle enzymes. RT-PCR positivity was detected in the serum sample. The patient was followed up with supportive treatment and discharged with cure. DENV infections are caused by DENV which is common in the tropical areas of the world. There are four DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3 and DENV-4 serotypes. DENV infections can present different clinical manifestations such as asymptomatic disease, viral syndrome, Dengue haemorrhagic fever, and Dengue shock syndrome. Dengue fever is often accompanied by arthritis, maculopapular rash and high fever. Our cases were defined as Dengue fever according to this definition. In the diagnosis of the disease, it is necessary first to be suspicious of the disease and the travel history must be questioned. In the definitive diagnosis, virus isolation, antigen, nucleic acid detection and serological tests are used. The virus can be isolated from blood, serum, urine and tissues. In the first five days after beginning of the symptoms associated with DENV infections, serum RT-PCR and Dengue NS1 antigen test may be positive.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sri Lanka
  6. Fulltext Evaluation of the modified-ceylon copra kiln for accelerated production of ball copra
    Marikkar, J.M.N., Banu, M.K.I., Yalegama, C.
    International Food Research Journal, 2009;16(2):175-181.
    MyJurnal
    This study attempted to investigate the effect of kiln drying on the rate of formation of ball copra. Three samples containing fifty partially dried-coconuts were placed as a single layer in three compartmentalized blocks namely, Front: Blok-1, Middle: Block-2, and Rear: Block-3 in the copra bed of the modified-Ceylon copra kiln. From each of the three blocks, thirty coconuts were selected randomly for labeling and their fresh weights were recorded. The samples were subjected to intermittent drying in the kiln by thirty five firing cycles using charcoal dust as the fuel source. The temperature distribution pattern of the three blocks during the first six firing was monitored at three hourly intervals. The weight losses of individual coconuts in each block were measured after the completion of each firing. The results showed that, there was a significant (p
    Matched MeSH terms: Sri Lanka
  7. Population studies on a polymorphic prosobranch snail (Clithon (Pictoneritina) oualaniensis Lesson)
    Grüneberg H
    Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 1976 Sep 16;275(940):385-437.
    PMID: 10588
    Matched MeSH terms: Sri Lanka
  8. [Industrial medicine in India, Nepal, Australia, New Zealand, Indonesia, Malaya and Ceylon]
    BAADER EW
    Zentralbl Arbeitsmed, 1961 Jun;11:141-3 contd.
    PMID: 13685489
    Matched MeSH terms: Sri Lanka
  9. [Industrial medicine in India, Nepal, Australia, New Zealand, Indonesia, Malaya and Ceylon. III]
    BAADER EW
    Zentralbl Arbeitsmed, 1961 Aug;11:189-90.
    PMID: 13685488
    Matched MeSH terms: Sri Lanka
  10. Supernumerary chromosomes in the black rat (Rattus rattus) and their distribution in three geographic variants
    Yosida TH
    Cytogenet. Cell Genet., 1977;18(3):149-59.
    PMID: 862437
    Supernumerary chromosomes have been examined in 352 black rats, covering three geographic variants, by use of conventional and C-band staining techniques. Metacentric supernumerary chromosomes, one to three in number, were found in Malayan black rats (Rattus rattus diardii), with 2n=42, in Indian black rats (R. rattus rufescens), with 2n=38, and in Ceylonese black rats (R. rattus kandianus), with 2n=40. The supernumeraries had similar morphology and stained heavily along their entire length by C-band staining. These findings suggested that the supernumeraries had originally developed in the Asian-type black rats and then were sequentially transmitted to the Ceylonese and Oceanian-type black rats, probably in southwestern Asia. A subtelocentric supernumerary chromosome found in one Japanese black rat seemed to have developed independently from the above metacentric supernumeraries.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sri Lanka
  11. A new species of Clidicus with asymmetrical parameres (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae)
    JaŁoszyŃski P
    Zootaxa, 2018 Mar 20;4399(1):141-145.
    PMID: 29690338 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4399.1.12
    Clidicus Laporte, 1832 currently comprises 27 species distributed in India (Karnataka, Tamil Nadu), Sri Lanka, Indonesia (Java, Kalimantan, Sumatra), Malaysia (Sabah, Sarawak), Laos, Vietnam, the Philippines (Mindanao), China (Hainan) and Australia (Queensland). Some species have conspicuously large adults reaching 8.5 mm, and they represent the largest known Scydmaeninae. Species of Clidicus were relatively poorly known until recently, when Orousset (2014) revised a large portion of this genus and described several new species. Other major studies include Besuchet (1971), who described Sri Lankan species, Jałoszyński et al. (2003) who recorded four new species from Vietnam and Laos, Jałoszyński (2009) with the first description of a Philippine species, and Zhou Li (2015), who discovered the first species in China. Another new species, representing the second Clidicus occurring in the Philippines, is described below.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sri Lanka
  12. Maternal mortality in Cambodia, Thailand, Malaysia and Sri Lanka: a systematic review of local and national policy and practice initiatives
    McArthur A, Lockwood C
    JBI Libr Syst Rev, 2010 1 1;8(16 Suppl):1-10.
    PMID: 27820572
    Matched MeSH terms: Sri Lanka
  13. The first Philippine species of Loeblites Franz (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Scydmaeninae)
    JaŁoszyŃski P
    Zootaxa, 2018 Sep 04;4471(1):185-188.
    PMID: 30313426 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4471.1.11
    Loeblites Franz, 1986 is a genus of Glandulariini with adults sharing a very similar body form and most taxonomically important structures with Syndicus Motschulsky, 1851. One of the most conspicuous differences between these genera is the antennal structure. In Syndicus, the antennomere XI is strongly reduced, much shorter than X and lacks the basal stalk, so that the two terminal antennomeres are compactly assembled. They either form one oval structure that appears as a single antennomere because the base of subconical antennomere XI is as broad as apex of X (Syndicus s. str.) or the antennomere XI forms a distinct small 'papilla' on top of X (subgen. Semisyndicus Jałoszyński, 2004) because the base of antennomere XI is much narrower than apex of X. Adults of Loeblites have unmodified antennae, with the antennomere XI strongly elongate and with a narrow basal stalk; additionally the antennae are strikingly slender, nearly filiform. Morphological structures of both genera were described and illustrated by Jałoszyński (2004, 2005). While Syndicus is species-rich, often abundant in leaf litter and under bark in subtropical forests (Jałoszyński 2004, 2006, 2008, 2009, 2011, 2014; Jałoszyński Nomura 2006; Yin Li 2015; Yin et al. 2014; Yin Zhou 2016; Zhou Yin 2017), and broadly distributed from southeastern Australia, through Southeast Asia, Yunnan (China) and Ryukyus (Japan), up to Sri Lanka, India and the Himalayas, Loeblites comprises merely four species known to occur in Malaysia, Thailand and China (Jałoszyński 2005; Zhou Li 2015). Loeblites mastigicornis Franz, 1986 is known to occur in Chiang Mai (northern Thailand), L. sabahensis Franz, 1992 and L. minor Jałoszyński, 2005 in Sabah (northern Borneo), and L. chinensis Zhou Li, 2015 in Yunnan (southwest China). Two females representing an undescribed species were also recorded from Yunnan by Zhou Li (2015). Specimens of this interesting genus are found rarely, in small numbers and they are typically sifted from leaf litter in subtropical forests.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sri Lanka
  14. Reorienting Health Services to People with Chronic Health Conditions: Diabetes and Stroke Services in Malaysia, Sri Lanka and Thailand
    Yiengprugsawan V, Healy J, Kendig H, Neelamegam M, Karunapema P, Kasemsup V
    Health Syst Reform, 2017 Jul 03;3(3):171-181.
    PMID: 31157585 DOI: 10.1080/23288604.2017.1356428
    This paper explores whether middle-income Asian countries are reorienting their health services in response to non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Malaysia, Sri Lanka, and Thailand were selected as case studies of Asian societies experiencing rapid increases both in NCDs and an aging population. While NCD programs, especially those related to diabetes and stroke, are well-established in Thailand, health services struggle to respond to increasing numbers of people with chronic health problems. Health services at all levels must plan ahead for more patients with chronic and often multiple conditions who require better integrated health care.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sri Lanka
  15. Fulltext A sibling species of Platythyrea clypeata Forel, 1911 in southeast Asia (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Ponerinae)
    Phengsi N, Jaitrong W, Ruangsittichai J, Salinee Khachonpisitsak
    Zookeys, 2018.
    PMID: 29416393 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.729.21378
    A new species of the rarely collected ant genus Platythyrea Roger, 1863 closely related to Platythyrea clypeata Forel, 1911 is described and illustrated based on the worker caste under the name Platythyrea janyaisp. n. This species is distributed in southern Thailand and western Malaysia, while P. clypeata is distributed in Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Laos, and Thailand in the areas north of the Isthmus of Kra. Platythyrea clypeata is newly recorded from Thailand from dead wood on the forest floor. The type series of P. janyai was also collected from rotten wood on the forest floor.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sri Lanka
  16. The evidence for emergency obstetric care
    Paxton A, Maine D, Freedman L, Fry D, Lobis S
    Int J Gynaecol Obstet, 2005 Feb;88(2):181-93.
    PMID: 15694106
    We searched for evidence for the effectiveness of emergency obstetric care (EmOC) interventions in reducing maternal mortality primarily in developing countries.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sri Lanka/epidemiology
  17. Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in goats in Sri Lanka
    Dorny P, Van Aken D
    Ann Trop Med Parasitol, 1992 Feb;86(1):83-5.
    PMID: 1616398
    Matched MeSH terms: Sri Lanka/epidemiology
  18. Leptospirosis: Increasing importance in developing countries
    Soo ZMP, Khan NA, Siddiqui R
    Acta Trop, 2020 Jan;201:105183.
    PMID: 31542372 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.105183
    Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the pathogenic helical spirochetes, Leptospira. Symptoms include sudden-onset fever, severe headaches, muscle pain, nausea and chills. Leptospirosis is endemic in developing countries such as Malaysia, India, Sri Lanka, and Brazil where thousands of cases are reported annually. The disease risk factors include the high population of reservoirs, environmental factors, recreational factors, and occupational factors. To end the endemicity of leptospirosis, these factors need to be tackled. The management of leptospirosis needs to be refined. Early diagnosis remains a challenge due to a lack of clinical suspicion among physicians, its non-specific symptoms and a limited availability of rapid point-of-care diagnostic tests. The purpose of this review is to provide insight into the status of leptospirosis in developing countries focusing on the risk factors and to propose methods for the improved management of the disease.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sri Lanka/epidemiology
  19. Fulltext Estimating the actual importation risk of dengue virus infection among Japanese travelers
    Yuan B, Nishiura H
    PLoS One, 2018;13(6):e0198734.
    PMID: 29924819 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198734
    BACKGROUND: Frequent international travel facilitates the global spread of dengue fever. Japan has experienced an increasing number of imported case notifications of dengue virus (DENV) infection, mostly arising from Japanese travelers visiting South and Southeast Asian countries. This has led an autochthonous dengue outbreak in 2014 in Japan. The present study aimed to infer the risk of DENV infection among Japanese travelers to Asian countries, thereby obtaining an actual estimate of the number of DENV infections among travelers.

    METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: For eight destination countries (Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand, India, Malaysia, Vietnam, Sri Lanka, and Singapore), we collected age-dependent seroepidemiological data. We also retrieved the number of imported cases, who were notified to the Japanese government, as well as the total number of travelers to each destination. Using a mathematical model, we estimated the force of infection in each destination country with seroepidemiological data while jointly inferring the reporting coverage of DENV infections among Japanese travelers from datasets of imported cases and travelers. Assuming that travelers had a risk of infection that was identical to that of the local population during travel, the reporting coverage of dengue appeared to range from 0.6% to 4.3%. The risk of infection per journey ranged from 0.02% to 0.44%.

    CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: We found that the actual number of imported cases of DENV infection among Japanese travelers could be more than 20 times the notified number of imported cases. This finding may be attributed to the substantial proportion of asymptomatic and under-ascertained infections.

    Matched MeSH terms: Sri Lanka/epidemiology
  20. Fulltext Projection of dengue fever transmissibility under climate change in South and Southeast Asian countries
    Wang Y, Li C, Zhao S, Wei Y, Li K, Jiang X, et al.
    PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2024 Apr;18(4):e0012158.
    PMID: 38683870 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012158
    Vector-borne infectious disease such as dengue fever (DF) has spread rapidly due to more suitable living environments. Considering the limited studies investigating the disease spread under climate change in South and Southeast Asia, this study aimed to project the DF transmission potential in 30 locations across four South and Southeast Asian countries. In this study, weekly DF incidence data, daily mean temperature, and rainfall data in 30 locations in Singapore, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, and Thailand from 2012 to 2020 were collected. The effects of temperature and rainfall on the time-varying reproduction number (Rt) of DF transmission were examined using generalized additive models. Projections of location-specific Rt from 2030s to 2090s were determined using projected temperature and rainfall under three Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP126, SSP245, and SSP585), and the peak DF transmissibility and epidemic duration in the future were estimated. According to the results, the projected changes in the peak Rt and epidemic duration varied across locations, and the most significant change was observed under middle-to-high greenhouse gas emission scenarios. Under SSP585, the country-specific peak Rt was projected to decrease from 1.63 (95% confidence interval: 1.39-1.91), 2.60 (1.89-3.57), and 1.41 (1.22-1.64) in 2030s to 1.22 (0.98-1.51), 2.09 (1.26-3.47), and 1.37 (0.83-2.27) in 2090s in Singapore, Thailand, and Malaysia, respectively. Yet, the peak Rt in Sri Lanka changed slightly from 2030s to 2090s under SSP585. The epidemic duration in Singapore and Malaysia was projected to decline under SSP585. In conclusion, the change of peak DF transmission potential and disease outbreak duration would vary across locations, particularly under middle-to-high greenhouse gas emission scenarios. Interventions should be considered to slow down global warming as well as the potential increase in DF transmissibility in some locations of South and Southeast Asia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sri Lanka/epidemiology
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