Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 42 in total

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  1. The psychiatric patient: preventing iatrogenic complications
    Wagner NN
    Med J Malaya, 1967 Dec;22(2):79-81.
    PMID: 4231982
    Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Psychiatric
  2. Fulltext Crime offender with mental retardation: a case report
    Siti Rohana Abdul Hadi, Singh, Suarn, Singh, Jasmit, Rabaiah Mohd Salleh, Azlin Baharudin
    ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, 2014;15(1):97-100.
    MyJurnal
    Objective: This case report aims to discuss the diagnosis of mental retardation as insanity defence in a crime offender. Methods: We report a gentleman who committed murder and rape 9 years ago, and currently being treated at a mental institution. Results: Patient was certified to have mental retardation, and was pleaded on the defence of unsoundness of mind because he had defect of reason at the time of alleged offence. Conclusion: Mental retardation does fulfil the McNaughton’s rule. Unsoundness of mind becomes the insanity defence even for murder under section 84 of the Penal Code. ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 15 (1): January - June 2014: 97-100.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Psychiatric
  3. Fulltext The psychometric properties of the Malay version Positive Emotion Rating Scale (PERS-M)
    Mohamed, F.A., Ong, L.Y., Ng, C.G.
    Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 2016;25(1):36-46.
    MyJurnal
    Positive emotion is often neglected in the depressed patients due to the lack of assessment tool. Positive Emotion Rating Scale (PERS) is a newly invented self-report questionnaire, nevertheless has an impressive psychometric properties.
    Objective: The aim of this study was to study the psychometric properties of the Malay version PERS (PERS-M), in order to facilitate its use in the local setting.
    Method: In this cross-sectional study convenient sampling, total of 43 depressed subjects and 85 non-depressed subjects who were presented to the outpatient clinic of HBUK were recruited. Both groups were assessed with PERS-M, original PERS, Dispositional Positive Emotion Scale (DPES), Malay version of Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS-M) and Malay version of Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression CESDM).
    Results: PERS-M displayed good internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.89), parallel reliability (intraclasss coefficient = 0.95, p<0.001) and concurrent validity with the DPES (r=0.32, p<0.05) and SHAPS-M (r=0.77, p<0.01). The PERS-M was negatively correlated with CESD-M (r= -0.61, p<0.01). The optimal cut-off value was 32, with sensitivity = 0.68 and specificity = 0.63, positive predictive value of 0.49 and negative predictive value of 0.79. The area under the curve (AUC) for receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was 0.71 (95% CI = 0.604 - 0.813).
    Conclusion: the PERS-M is a brief and easy to administer tool to measure positive emotion in depressed subjects, with demonstrable satisfactory psychometric properties.
    Keywords: Positive Emotion, Depression, Psychometric Properties, Instrument
    Study site: Psychiatric clinic, Hospital Bahagia Ulu Kinta, Perak, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Psychiatric
  4. Fulltext Audit of new long-stay patients in Permai Mental Hospital, Johor
    Cheah YC, Nur Aiza Z, Paramasivam S, Kadir ABA, Jeyarajah S
    Med J Malaysia, 1997 Jun;52(2):139-45.
    PMID: 10968071
    We report a cross-sectional descriptive study of 90 new long-stay patients (NLS) (i.e. those who had been resident for six months to three years in Permai Mental Hospital, Johor) and studied from April to June, 1995. The age of this sample ranged from 18 to 85 years. Two subgroups were observed (i.e. younger NLS patients aged 18 to 34 years and older NLS patients aged 35 to 85 years). Among the younger NLS patients, the commonest diagnosis was schizophrenia (51.2%), followed by mental retardation with related problems (24.4%). Sixty-one percent of these younger patients had a history of serious violence or dangerous behaviour. Older NLS patients were likely to have a diagnosis of schizophrenia (79.6%), followed by mood disorder (6.1%) and dementia (4.1%). Forty seven percent of these older group had history of danger to others and 57.1% were at moderate or severe risk of non-deliberate self-harm. Focusing on the schizophrenic patients, all of them had some form of psychopathology, either positive, negative or general symptoms and about one-fourth were assessed to pose a risk for aggression.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Psychiatric*
  5. Psychiatry in Peninsula Malaysia
    Buhrich N
    Aust N Z J Psychiatry, 1980 Dec;14(4):299-304.
    PMID: 6945096
    Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Psychiatric/supply & distribution
  6. Asylum blues: staff attitudes towards psychiatric nursing in Sarawak, East Malaysia
    Ashencaen Crabtree S
    J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs, 2003 Dec;10(6):713-21.
    PMID: 15005485 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2850.2003.00665.x
    This paper draws upon findings from an ethnographic study of psychiatric service users in a psychiatric institution in Sarawak, East Malaysia. Findings focus primarily on the accounts of nursing staff in relation to attitudes towards psychiatric work and patients. These indicate that despite a rhetoric of decentralized services, a custodial 'asylum' model continues to influence the care of patients at many levels. Negative professional attitudes towards patients lead to issues of both moral and physical containment. However, an associated attitude of stigma and prejudice towards mental illness impacts upon how attractive a career in psychiatric nursing is perceived to be by respondents, subject to gender differentials.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Psychiatric*
  7. Communication problems with psychiatric patients in the multilingual society of Sarawak
    Schmidt KE
    Psychiatry, 1965 Aug;28:229-33.
    PMID: 14318932 DOI: 10.1080/00332747.1965.11023430
    Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Psychiatric*
  8. A survey of ward behaviour of long stay psychiatric patients
    McGregor EB
    Med J Malaysia, 1975 Dec;30(2):74-82.
    PMID: 1228385
    Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Psychiatric
  9. Fulltext The psychological well-being of patients with schizophrenia on follow up clinics in three psychiatric hospitals in Malaysia
    Zamuna Mat Nor, Idayu Badilla Idris, Faiz Daud, Natrah Abd Rani
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(1):203-208.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: The daily life problems of patients with schizophrenia as well as their symptoms are challenging sit- uations that may interfere with their psychological well-being. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the psychological well-being of patients with schizophrenia and factors affecting it. Methods: A cross sec- tional study was conducted to examine the socio-demographic factors, health level, social support and self-esteem of patients with schizophrenia. A total of 255 respondents consisting of patients on follow-up from specialist clinics at three Psychiatric Hospitals in this country were selected to answer the questionnaire. The questionnaires used were the Affect Balance Scale, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support Scale and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale for the measurement of the psychological well-being, social support and self-esteem respectively. The data was analysed using Chi-Square and Mann-Whitney U test. Results: A total of 62% of the respondents had positive psychological wellbeing. Socio demographic factors, namely occupation (p=0.007), overall social support (p=0.023), family support (p=0.040), significant others’ support (p=0.046), and self-esteem (p < 0.001), were associ- ated with positive psychological well-being. Conclusion: This study has proven that patients with schizophrenia who regularly received treatment can achieve positive psychological well-being when they have high self-esteem, strong support from their family members as well as people around them and are stable occupation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Psychiatric
  10. Fulltext Factors influencing inpatient duration among insanity acquittees in a Malaysian mental institution
    Chan, Lai Fong, Tuti Iryani Mohd Daud, Hazli Zakaria, Phang, Cheng Kar, Loo, Tsui Huei, Ong, Lieh Yan, et al.
    ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, 2010;11(1):25-35.
    MyJurnal
    Objective: According to Malaysian law, defendants found not guilty by reason of insanity may be admitted to a psychiatric hospital and discharge is subject to the state ruler’s assent. The objective of this study is to examine the clinical, socio-demographic and forensic factors that influence inpatient duration of insanity acquittees in a Malaysian mental institution. Methods:This is a cross-sectional study of one hundred and twelve insanity acquittee inpatients in Hospital Bahagia Ulu Kinta from January 2007 to February 2007. Patients with a clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia, major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) and Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) respectively. Other relevant sociodemographic, clinical and forensic factors were also assessed. Results: The inpatient duration varied widely from three months to forty-seven years with a median of seven years. Seventy five percent of patients were in remission. According to the multiple linear regression model, the strongest predictor of a longer duration of hospital stay for insanity acquittees was older age (p
    Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Psychiatric
  11. Fulltext Depression and functional level in schizophrenia: a comparison between chronic hospitalised in-patients and community care patients
    Tan, John J.T., Nor Zuraida, Z., Mohamad Omer, H., Gill, Jesjeet Singh, Lau, Kelvin H.K.
    JUMMEC, 2007;10(2):31-36.
    MyJurnal
    Recent innovations in the treatment of schizophrenia reflect a growing trend towards community-based care. Malaysia had in the past few years attempted to deinstitutionalise mental patients in the mental hospitals. Therefore it is important to conduct research to compare the two groups of schizophrenia patients (community-based patients against chronic hospitalised patients) to ascertain if deinstitutionalisation has been beneficial. The main objective of the study was to compare levels of depression and function in community-based patients against chronic hospitalised patients as depression is prevalent among schizophrenia patients. This study was cross sectional in nature where data was collected from 51 inpatients in Hospital Bahagia Ulu Kinta (HBUK) and 23 community-based patients. Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS) and Global Assessment of Functioning scale (GAF) were the assessment tools used. Community-based patients were found to have significantly lower scores in the CDSS scale (1.96) as compared to chronic hospitalised patients (4.04); p < 0.01). They also showed higher functional capability between community-based and hospitalised patients respectively (74.04 vs 57.92) respectively. (p < 0.001). Community services appeared to be more effective than long stay in-patient services in preventing depression and promoting better functional levels.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Psychiatric
  12. Fulltext Galactorrhoea in a male schizophrenic patient: a case report
    Muhammad Chanchal Azad, Raihana Musawwir
    Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences, 2015;9(1):0-0.
    MyJurnal
    Galactorrhoea is non-lactational milk production and it may or may not be associated with prolactinemia1. It causes embarrassment and distress to a schizophrenic patient, especially, if the patient is male. One study in Germany reported that incidence and prevalence of galactorrhoea in schizophrenia are 14% and 19%, respectively2. Although galactorrhoea is not rare in schizophrenic patients, managing and understanding the a etiology can be problematic. In psychiatric patients, antipsychotics can be a cause but other causes need to be ruled out. Galactorrhoea also needs to be differentiated from pathologic nipple discharge which can be due to breast tumours. Usually, galactorrhoea is bilateral, multiductal, and milky, but discharge can be yellow, green or brown3. This case report describes a 32-year old patient with schizophrenia who visited a government psychiatric hospital in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. This report highlights the clinical challenges to determine the aetiology of galactorrhoea and to manage it in schizophrenics. It raises the following clinical questions: Why a psychiatric patient develops galactorrhoea? How a schizophrenic patient presents with galactorrhoea? What hormonal imbalances are associated with this psychiatric disorder? How should a doctor handle a schizophrenic patient complaining of galactorrhoea? What is the danger of having galactorrhoea in a male?
    Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Psychiatric
  13. Prevalence of Severe Mental Illness Dual Diagnosis Among Inpatients in a Psychiatric Hospital in Malaysia
    Subramaniam S, Yee A, Bin Amer Nordin AS, Bin Khalib AQ
    J Dual Diagn, 2020 12 12;17(1):4-12.
    PMID: 33308058 DOI: 10.1080/15504263.2020.1854410
    OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of alcohol or non-alcohol substance use dual diagnosis among inpatients with severe mental illness in a psychiatric institution in Malaysia. In addition, this study aimed to determine adverse outcomes between dual diagnosis versus single diagnosis. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the inpatient ward using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) to establish the diagnosis of severe mental illness and to screen for alcohol or non-alcohol substance use disorder comorbidity. Outcomes and severity of different domains among severe mental illness patients were assessed using the Addiction Severity Index (ASI). Results: Out of 152 patients who participated in this study, 51.3% (n = 78) had comorbid alcohol use disorder, and 29.6% (n = 45) had non-alcohol substance use disorder. Males with Kadazan ethnicity with severe mental illness and alcohol use disorder had a higher risk of having comorbid non-alcohol substance use disorder. Similarly, male Kadazan patients with severe mental illness and non-alcohol substance use disorder had a higher risk of having a comorbid alcohol use disorder. Dual diagnosis patients with alcohol and non-alcohol substance use disorder had higher rates of hospitalizations (p < .001 and p = .001). Family and social relationships were affected among the alcohol use disorder group as shown by the higher composite score for family status (FCOMP; p < .001). This group also showed more severe psychiatric status, as the composite score for psychiatric status (PCOMP) was high (p = .004). Suicidality was higher among patients with alcohol use disorder and severe mental illness (p < .001). Conclusions: The prevalence of severe mental illness dual diagnosis was high in this study with poorer outcomes, higher rates of admissions, and risk of suicidality. This highlights the importance of provisions for a more holistic treatment approach among patients with dual diagnosis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Psychiatric
  14. A comparison of clinical characteristics of older adults treated with antidepressants in general and psychiatric hospitals in Asia
    Wang YY, Xiang YT, Ungvari GS, Ng CH, Chiu HFK, Yim LCL, et al.
    Psychogeriatrics, 2017 Nov;17(6):348-355.
    PMID: 28429844 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12243
    AIM: This study compared the demographics, clinical characteristics, and antidepressant prescription patterns between Asian patients aged 50 years and older attending psychiatric hospitals and those attending general hospitals.

    METHODS: In total, 955 patients (604 in general hospitals, 351 in psychiatric hospitals) aged 50 years or older treated with antidepressants in 10 Asian countries and territories were examined. Patients' demographics, clinical features, and prescriptions of psychotropic drugs were recorded using a standardized protocol and data collection procedure.

    RESULTS: Binary logistic regression revealed that high income and diagnosis of schizophrenia were independently associated with psychiatric hospital treatment, whereas outpatient care, diagnosis of anxiety disorders, and multiple major medical conditions were independently associated with general hospital treatment. In addition, tetracyclic and noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressants were more likely to be prescribed in general hospitals.

    CONCLUSION: Older adults treated with antidepressants showed different demographic and clinical features between general hospitals and psychiatric hospitals in Asia.

    Study site: multi nation
    Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Psychiatric; Hospitals, Psychiatric*
  15. Fulltext Obesity in multiracial schizophrenia patients receiving outpatient treatment in a regional tertiary hospital in malaysia
    Norlelawati AT, Kartini A, Ramli M, Norsidah K, Wan Azizi WS, Tariq AR
    East Asian Arch Psychiatry, 2012 Jun;22(2):49-56.
    PMID: 22714874
    OBJECTIVES. Obesity is an issue of concern among patients with schizophrenia as it is a co-morbid condition that is closely related to metabolic syndrome. The present study assessed the correlation of body mass index with antipsychotic use among multiracial schizophrenia outpatients. The study also compared the patients' body mass index with Malaysian Adult Nutrition Survey (MANS) data.
    METHODS. A total of 216 participants were recruited into a cross-sectional study conducted over 5 months, from December 2010 to April 2011. Body weight and height were measured using the standard methods. Demographic data and treatment variables were gathered through interview or review of the medical records.
    RESULTS. There were differences in mean body mass index between men and women (p = 0.02) and between Malay, Chinese and Indian races (p = 0.04). Stratified by sex, age, and race, the body mass index distributions of the patients were significantly different to those of the reference MANS population. The prevalence of obesity among patients was more than 2-fold greater than among the reference population in all variables. Although body mass index distribution was related to antipsychotic drugs (χ(2) = 33.42; p = 0.04), obesity could not be attributed to any specific drug.
    CONCLUSION. The prevalence of obesity among patients with schizophrenia was significantly greater than that in the healthy Malaysian population, and affects the 3 main races in Malaysia.
    Study site: Psychiatry Clinic, Tengku Ampuan Afzan Hospital, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Psychiatric*
  16. Beliefs about schizophrenia and its treatment in Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
    Swami V, Furnham A, Kannan K, Sinniah D
    Int J Soc Psychiatry, 2008 Mar;54(2):164-79.
    PMID: 18488409
    Lay beliefs about schizophrenia have been extensively studied in cross-cultural settings, but research on ethnic differences are currently lacking.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Psychiatric/standards
  17. Fulltext A community child and adolescent guidance clinic in Malaysia
    Krahl W, Quek SL, Raman N
    Med J Malaysia, 1981 Sep;36(3):171-3.
    PMID: 7329374
    Study site: Child and Adolescent Guidance Clinic, Hospital Bahagia, Perak, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Psychiatric
  18. Fulltext Schizophrenia, substance use and aggressions: what are the relationships?
    Rusdi Abd. Rashid, Ahmad Hatim Sulaiman, Nor Zuraida Zainal, Noorzurani Robson, Mas Ayu Said, Mohammad Hussain Habil, et al.
    ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, 2010;11(1):72-78.
    MyJurnal
    Objectives: The objective of the study is to determine the prevalence of substance abuse for alcohol, cannabis, opiates, stimulants, solvent and other substances among patients with schizophrenia in Hospital Bahagia Ulu Kinta (HBUK), Perak , Central Peninsular of Malaysia. This study also aims to determine the association of substance abuse with aggression, the demographic characteristics and total duration of hospitalization.
    Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study whereby the first 194 subjects diagnosed to have schizophrenia based on International Classification of Disease, 10th edition (ICD-10) criteria were taken from data registry of patients admitted to HBUK from January until February 2004. The subjects’ medical files were examined for documentation of substances abuse, aggression and accumulative duration of hospitalization.
    Results: The results showed the prevalence of substances misuse among patients with schizophrenia in general (including alcohol) was 24.7%. Cannabis 16.7%, alcohol 13.4%, opiates(heroin) 6.7%, Amphetamine type stimulants (amphetamine, metamphetamine, ecstacy) 5.7%, and other substances (benzodiazepine, solvents) 1.5%.
    Conclusion: There is higher prevalence of substance misuse in patients with schizophrenia as compared to general population. Male patients with history of substance misuse are more likely to have aggression than female. This group needs special precaution and probably in need of specialist help.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Psychiatric
  19. Fulltext Patterns of Referral to Clinical Psychology Services in the Ministry of Health Malaysia
    Martadza M, Saedon UI, Darus N, Badli TST, Ghazalan SA, Yunus WMAWM
    Malays J Med Sci, 2019 Nov;26(6):111-119.
    PMID: 31908592 MyJurnal DOI: 10.21315/mjms2019.26.6.11
    Background: This descriptive study identifies the demographic characteristics and patterns of referral to clinical psychology services, which include types of diagnosis, types of referral and source of referrals in child, adolescent, adult and geriatric cases in Malaysia.

    Methods: We utilised 2,179 referrals between January and December 2015 from six general hospitals and three mental health institutions that provide clinical psychology services.

    Results: The percentage of male referrals (60.3%) is higher than that of female referrals (39.7%). Adult cases had the highest percentage of referrals (48.2%). Children (48.8%) and adolescent (28.1%) cases were mainly referred for psychological assessment. Meanwhile, adult cases (74.8%) were mainly referred for psychological intervention. Neurodevelopmental disorders was the diagnosis with the highest percentage of referrals recorded (41.4%), followed by depressive disorders (13.3%) and anxiety disorders (12.7%), and the combination of other disorders. Psychiatrists provided the highest number of referrals (82.2%), which is unsurprising as both fields are closely related.

    Conclusion: Clinical psychology services within the Ministry of Health (MOH) Malaysia play an important role in mental health care.

    Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Psychiatric
  20. Effects of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) therapy on the female sexual response cycle of women with major depression
    Hatta S, Duni A, Ng CG, Lin N, Marhani M, Das S, et al.
    Clin Ter, 2013;164(1):11-5.
    PMID: 23455735 DOI: 10.7417/T.2013.1503
    Depression and its treatment may influence all aspects of the female sexual function from desire to sexual satisfaction. This study aimed to examine the components of the female sexual response cycle (SRC) of women with major depression treated with Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hospitals, Psychiatric
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