Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 87 in total

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  1. Fulltext Encapsulation and Characterization of Gentamicin Sulfate in the Collagen Added Electrospun Nanofibers for Skin Regeneration
    Abdul Khodir WKW, Abdul Razak AH, Ng MH, Guarino V, Susanti D
    J Funct Biomater, 2018 May 18;9(2).
    PMID: 29783681 DOI: 10.3390/jfb9020036
    In the current practice, the clinical use of conventional skin substitutes such as autogenous skin grafts have shown several problems, mainly with respect to limited sources and donor site morbidity. In order to overcome these limitations, the use of smart synthetic biomaterials is tremendously diffusing as skin substitutes. Indeed, engineered skin grafts or analogues frequently play an important role in the treatment of chronic skin wounds, by supporting the regeneration of newly formed tissue, and at the same time preventing infections during the long-term treatment. In this context, natural proteins such as collagen-natively present in the skin tissue-embedded in synthetic polymers (i.e., PCL) allow the development of micro-structured matrices able to mimic the functions and to structure of the surrounding extracellular matrix. Moreover, the encapsulation of drugs, such as gentamicin sulfate, also improves the bioactivity of nanofibers, due to the efficient loading and a controlled drug release towards the site of interest. Herein, we have done a preliminary investigation on the capability of gentamicin sulfate, loaded into collagen-added nanofibers, for the controlled release in local infection treatments. Experimental studies have demonstrated that collagen added fibers can be efficaciously used to administrate gentamicin for 72 h without any toxic in vitro response, thus emerging as a valid candidate for the therapeutic treatment of infected wounds.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gentamicins
  2. Fulltext A pilot study to Assess Serum Potassium Levels and Haemolysis in Red Cell Units
    Nurimatussolehah Sarijan, Sabariah Md Noor, Tun Maizura Mohd Fathullah, Malina Osman, Zainina Seman
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2018;14(103):1-5.
    MyJurnal
    Percentage of haemolysis is widely used as a quality parameter to assess red blood cell viability in blood banking. In certain blood banks, serum potassium level is used due to the unavailability of the former test. The relationship between these two tests, however, is still unclear. The objective of this study is to determine the association between haemolysis measured using two different methods for quality control. Methods: A total of forty-four samples of packed red cell in citrate-phosphate-dextrose with optisol were randomly selected from donation drives. Nine millilitres of blood was collected weekly starting from day-2 of storage, followed by day-7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 for assessment of red blood cell haemolysis by measuring serum potassium level and percentage of haemolysis.Results: These two parameters were correlated significantly with a positive moderate linear relationship on day 7, 21 and 28 with r = 0.393, 0.448 and 0.425, respectively and p-values less than 0.01. The linear regression analysis showed there was a significant regression equation which could be used to predict the serum potassium level from the percentage of haemolysis. Conclusion: There were significant increases in the percentage of haemolysis and serum potassium level in the packed red cell units with storage. The serum potassium level would be able to be predicted from the percentage of haemolysis using the regression equations on day 7, 21 and 28. The serum potassium measurement could be used as an alternative test to the percentage of haemolysis before issuing blood.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gentamicins
  3. Pharmaceutical Development of Intraperitoneal Arachis hypogaea as a Renal Protective Agent
    Gul A, Khan H, Shah SI, Alsharif KF, Qahl SH, Rehman IU, et al.
    Front Biosci (Landmark Ed), 2023 Jan 17;28(1):14.
    PMID: 36722262 DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2801014
    BACKGROUND: Kidneys are among the vital organs of the human body; therefore, damage from any exogenous/endogenous agent may put human life at risk. Arachis hypogaea (AH) contains different free radical scavenging flavonoids, stilbenes, and tannins. This research aimed to elucidate the possible nephroprotective mechanism of AH methanolic crude extract (AHcr) and n-hexane oil fraction (AHO) against gentamycin-induced nephrotoxicity.

    METHODS: After the extraction of the crude oil of the plant, they were tested against a Gentamycin (GM)-treated group of Swiss Albino mice for their nephroprotective action. Animals were divided into six (6) equal groups with five (5) animals in each group. These groups were: control group (0.5 mL normal saline via intraperitoneal -i.p), gentamycin group (gentamycin 100 mg/kg i.p), Silymarin + gentamycin group (Silymarin 50 mg/kg and gentamycin 100 mg/kg i.p), plant extract (AHcr1) and gentamycin group (AHcr1 250 mg/kg and gentamycin 100 mg/kg i.p), AHcr2 + gentamycin group (AHcr2; 500 mg/kg and gentamycin 100 mg/kg i.p) and the hexane oil fraction (AHO) + gentamycin (AHO 1 mL/kg and GM 100 mg/kg i.p). After completion of doses, animals were sacrificed for the collection of blood to further investigate biochemical changes and histopathological changes in kidney tissues.

    RESULTS: Serum creatinine, urea, and blood urea nitrogen significantly increased (p < 0.001) in the gentamycin-treated group as compared to the control group. The elevated level of serum creatinine, urea, and blood urea nitrogen was decreased significantly (p < 0.001) in groups treated with AHcr and AHO compared to the gentamycin group. Similarly, the histopathological study of kidney tissues from the gentamycin group showed tubular necrosis, vacuolation, and fibrosis.

    CONCLUSIONS: The effect of crude extract and hexane soluble fraction of AH caused a significant reversal of gentamycin-induced nephrotoxicity.

    Matched MeSH terms: Gentamicins
  4. Fulltext Impact of gentamicin coadministration along with high fructose feeding on progression of renal failure and metabolic syndrome in Sprague-Dawley rats
    Ibraheem ZO, Basir R, Aljobory AKh, Ibrahim OE, Alsumaidaee A, Yam MF
    Biomed Res Int, 2014;2014:823879.
    PMID: 25045706 DOI: 10.1155/2014/823879
    The current study evaluates the impact of high fructose feeding in rat model of gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity. Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 180-200 g were randomized into four groups; (C) received standard rodents chow with free access to ad libitum drinking water for 8 weeks and was considered as control, (F) received standard rodents chow with free access to drinking water supplemented with 20% (W/V) fructose for the same abovementioned period, (FG) was fed as group F and was given 80 mg/kg (body weight)/day gentamicin sulphate intraperitoneally during the last 20 days of the feeding period, and (G) was given gentamicin as above and fed as group C. Renal function was assessed at the end of the treatment period through measuring serum creatinine, uric acid and albumin, creatinine clearance, absolute and fractional excretion of both sodium and potassium, twenty-four-hour urinary excretion of albumin, and renal histology. For metabolic syndrome assessment, fasting plasma glucose and insulin were measured and oral glucose tolerance test was performed throughout the treatment period. Results showed that gentamicin enhances progression of fructose induced metabolic syndrome. On the other hand, fructose pretreatment before gentamicin injection produced a comparable degree of renal dysfunction to those which were given fructose-free water but the picture of nephrotoxicity was somewhat altered as it was characterized by higher extent of glomerular congestion and protein urea. Overall, more vigilance is required when nephrotoxic drugs are prescribed for patients with fructose induced metabolic syndrome.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gentamicins/administration & dosage*
  5. Cytotoxicity and scanning electron microscopy study of gentamycin-coated HA effect on biofilm
    Au LF, Othman F, Mustaffa R, Vidyadaran S, Rahmat A, Besar I, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 2008 Jul;63 Suppl A:16-7.
    PMID: 19024962
    Biofilms are adherent, multi-layered colonies of bacteria that are typically more resistant to the host immune response and routine antibiotic therapy. HA biomaterial comprises of a single-phased hydroxyapatite scaffold with interconnected pore structure. The device is designed as osteoconductive space filler to be gently packed into bony voids or gaps following tooth extraction or any surgical procedure. Gentamycin-coated biomaterial (locally made hydroxyapatite) was evaluated to reduce or eradicate the biofilm on the implant materials. The results indicated that the HA coated with gentamycin was biocompatible to human osteoblast cell line and the biofilm has been reduced after being treated with different concentrations of gentamycin-coated hydroxyapatite (HA).
    Matched MeSH terms: Gentamicins/pharmacology*
  6. Fulltext Detection of antibiotic resistance in probiotics of dietary supplements
    Wong A, Ngu DY, Dan LA, Ooi A, Lim RL
    Nutr J, 2015;14:95.
    PMID: 26370532 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-015-0084-2
    Probiotics are live microorganisms that confer nutrition- and health-promoting benefits if consumed in adequate amounts. Concomitant with the demand for natural approaches to maintaining health is an increase in inclusion of probiotics in food and health products. Since probiotic bacteria act as reservoir for antibiotic resistant determinants, the transfer of these genes to pathogens sharing the same intestinal habitat is thus conceivable considering the fact that dietary supplements contain high amounts of often heterogeneous populations of probiotics. Such events can confer pathogens protection against commonly-used drugs. Despite numerous reports of antibiotic resistant probiotics in food and biological sources, the antibiogram of probiotics from dietary supplements remained elusive.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gentamicins/pharmacology
  7. Fulltext Fulminant hepatic failure and shigella bacteremia
    Abidin Z, Iyngkaran N, Puthucheary SD
    Med J Malaysia, 1983 Jun;38(2):112-3.
    PMID: 6353185
    A three and a half year old boy with shigellosis developed fulminant hepatic failure. The hepatic derangements rapidly improved over a period of two weeks after treatment of the shigellosis with parenteral gentamicin. We believe this is the first documented report of fulminant hepatic failure due to shigella sepsis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gentamicins/therapeutic use
  8. Fulltext Use of gentamicin impregnated POP discs for antibiotic pouch dressing
    Lau CP, Chee EK, Thirumal M
    Med J Malaysia, 2006 Dec;61 Suppl B:32-6.
    PMID: 17600990
    Antibiotic pouch technique is commonly used due to the high local antibiotic concentration and moist environment for wound healing. We used locally made gentamicin impregnated Plaster of Paris discs in treating wounds with exposed deep structures like tendons and bones. Out of 22 patients treated with this method, 19 completed treatment. Granulation tissue formed quickly and effectively covered the exposed structures. All wounds either healed by secondary intention or became suitable for split skin grafting. Gentamicin impregnated Plaster of Paris disc pouch dressing is safe, cost saving, and effective for management of deep open wounds.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gentamicins/administration & dosage; Gentamicins/therapeutic use*
  9. A clinical and economic study of community-acquired pneumonia between single versus combination therapy
    Hasali MA, Ibrahim MI, Sulaiman SA, Ahmad Z, Hasali JB
    Pharm World Sci, 2005 Jun;27(3):249-53.
    PMID: 16096896
    BACKGROUND: Pneumonia is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among children in many developing countries. It is reported that 12.9 million children under 5 years of age died world-wide in 1990 and one-third of these deaths or 4.3 million annually were attributed to acute respiratory infection with pneumonia.

    OBJECTIVES: On this basis, a study was conducted in a district hospital to study the therapy outcomes of antibiotic regimens used in pediatric community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) management and to conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis (CE) between IV ampicillin versus combination therapy of IV ampicillin and IV gentamicin.

    METHOD: A prospective, randomized, controlled, single blind study was conducted in a pediatric ward in a 80-bed district hospital. Pediatric patients diagnosed with CAP aged 2 months to 5 years old were randomly and equally divided into two treatment arms: ampicillin versus ampicillin plus gentamicin. The dose of IV ampicillin used in this study was 100 mg/kg/day divided every 6 h and 5 mg/kg of IV gentamicin as a single daily dose. Both clinical and economic evaluations were carried out to compare both treatment arms.

    RESULTS: With the inclusion and exclusion criteria, only 40 patients diagnosed with CAP were included in the study. The results showed that the two treatment arms were significantly different (P < 0.05) in terms of duration of patients on ampicillin, number of days of hospitalization and time to switch to oral therapy. A significant difference was noted between the two treatment modalities in terms of effectiveness and cost (P < 0.05).

    CONCLUSION: Overall, the endpoint of this study showed that the total cost per patient of ampicillin-treated group is cheaper than the total cost with the combination therapy (ampicillin plus gentamicin) and reduced unnecessary exposure to adverse effects or toxicities. Besides that, addition of gentamicin in the treatment modalities will only increase the cost of treatment without introducing any changes in the treatment outcome.

    Matched MeSH terms: Gentamicins/economics; Gentamicins/therapeutic use
  10. Fulltext The Prophylactic Effect of Probiotic Enterococcus lactis IW5 against Different Human Cancer Cells
    Nami Y, Haghshenas B, Haghshenas M, Abdullah N, Yari Khosroushahi A
    Front Microbiol, 2015;6:1317.
    PMID: 26635778 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01317
    Enterococcus lactis IW5 was obtained from human gut and the potential probiotic characteristics of this organism were then evaluated. Results showed that this strain was highly resistant to low pH and high bile salt and adhered strongly to Caco-2 human epithelial colorectal cell lines. The supernatant of E. lactis IW5 strongly inhibited the growth of several pathogenic bacteria and decreased the viability of different cancer cells, such as HeLa, MCF-7, AGS, HT-29, and Caco-2. Conversely, E. lactis IW5 did not inhibit the viability of normal FHs-74 cells. This strain did not generate toxic enzymes, including β-glucosidase, β-glucuronidase, and N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase and was highly susceptible to ampicillin, gentamycin, penicillin, vancomycin, clindamycin, sulfamethoxazol, and chloramphenicol but resistant to erythromycin and tetracyclin. This study provided evidence for the effect of E. lactis IW5 on cancer cells. Therefore, E. lactis IW5, as a bioactive therapeutics, should be subjected to other relevant tests to verify the therapeutic suitability of this strain for clinical applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gentamicins
  11. Fulltext Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from retail shrimps in Malaysia
    Letchumanan V, Yin WF, Lee LH, Chan KG
    Front Microbiol, 2015;6:33.
    PMID: 25688239 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00033
    Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a marine and estuarine bacterium that has been the leading cause of foodborne outbreaks which leads to a significant threat to human health worldwide. Consumption of seafood contaminated with V. parahaemolyticus causes acute gastroenteritis in individuals. The bacterium poses two main virulence factor including the thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) which is a pore-forming protein that contributes to the invasiveness of the bacterium in humans and TDH-related hemolysin (trh), which plays a similar role as tdh in the disease pathogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial resistance V. parahaemolyticus strains in shrimps purchased from wetmarkets and supermarkets. The toxR-based PCR assay indicated that a total of 57.8% (185/320) isolates were positive for V. parahaemolyticus. Only 10% (19/185) toxR-positive isolate exhibit the trh gene and none of the isolates were tested positive for tdh. The MAR index was measured for 14 common antimicrobial agents. The results indicated 98% of the isolates were highly susceptible to imipenem, ampicillin sulbactam (96%), chloramphenicol (95%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (93%), gentamicin (85%), levofloxacin (83%), and tetracycline (82%). The chloramphenicol (catA2) and kanamycin (aphA-3) resistance genes were detected in the resistant V. parahaemolyticus isolates. Our results demonstrate that shrimps are contaminated with V. parahaemolyticus, some of which carry the trh-gene thus being potential to cause food borne illness. The occurrence of multidrug resistance strains in the environment could be an indication of excessive usage of antibiotics in agriculture and aquaculture fields.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gentamicins
  12. Fulltext A forgotten clinical sign making a comeback
    Chiam KH, A Hing CT, Low LL
    Med J Malaysia, 2014 Feb;69(1):40-1.
    PMID: 24814630 MyJurnal
    We report a case of Staphylococcus aureus infective endocarditis in a patient presenting with fever and rare cutaneous manifestations of Osler Nodes and Janeway Lesions. There had not been any distinct risk factors. His echocardiography subsequently revealed vegetation at the anterior mitral valve leaflet. As Staphylococcus aureus infective endocarditis is of utmost significance in morbidity and mortality, a sharp clinical acumen and follow up investigations is required alongside a prolonged course of antibiotics. Our patient was then started on intravenous cloxacillin for 28 days and gentamicin for 5 days to which he made good progress and recovery.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gentamicins
  13. Fulltext Antibacterial-Integrated Collagen Wound Dressing for Diabetes-Related Foot Ulcers: An Evidence-Based Review of Clinical Studies
    N Amirrah I, Mohd Razip Wee MF, Tabata Y, Bt Hj Idrus R, Nordin A, Fauzi MB
    Polymers (Basel), 2020 Sep 22;12(9).
    PMID: 32972012 DOI: 10.3390/polym12092168
    Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a chronic wound frequently delayed from severe infection. Wound dressing provides an essential barrier between the ulcer and the external environment. This review aimed to analyse the effectiveness of antibacterial collagen-based dressing for DFU treatment in a clinical setting. An electronic search in four databases, namely, Scopus, PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE(R), and ISI Web of Science, was performed to obtain relevant articles published within the last ten years. The published studies were included if they reported evidence of (1) collagen-based antibacterial dressing or (2) wound healing for diabetic ulcers, and (3) were written in English. Both randomised and non-randomised clinical trials were included. The search for relevant clinical studies (n) identified eight related references discussing the effectiveness of collagen-based antibacterial wound dressings for DFU comprising collagen impregnated with polyhexamethylene biguanide (n = 2), gentamicin (n = 3), combined-cellulose and silver (n = 1), gentian violet/methylene blue mixed (n = 1), and silver (n = 1). The clinical data were limited by small sample sizes and multiple aetiologies of chronic wounds. The evidence was not robust enough for a conclusive statement, although most of the studies reported positive outcomes for the use of collagen dressings loaded with antibacterial properties for DFU wound healing. This study emphasises the importance of having standardised clinical trials, larger sample sizes, and accurate reporting for reliable statistical evidence confirming DFU treatment efficiency.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gentamicins
  14. Fulltext Management and treatment of contact lens-related Pseudomonas keratitis
    Willcox MD
    Clin Ophthalmol, 2012;6:919-24.
    PMID: 22791973 DOI: 10.2147/OPTH.S25168
    Pubmed and Medline were searched for articles referring to Pseudomonas keratitis between the years 2007 and 2012 to obtain an overview of the current state of this disease. Keyword searches used the terms "Pseudomonas" + "Keratitis" limit to "2007-2012", and ["Ulcerative" or "Microbial"] + "Keratitis" + "Contact lenses" limit to "2007-2012". These articles were then reviewed for information on the percentage of microbial keratitis cases associated with contact lens wear, the frequency of Pseudomonas sp. as a causative agent of microbial keratitis around the world, the most common therapies to treat Pseudomonas keratitis, and the sensitivity of isolates of Pseudomonas to commonly prescribed antibiotics. The percentage of microbial keratitis associated with contact lens wear ranged from 0% in a study from Nepal to 54.5% from Japan. These differences may be due in part to different frequencies of contact lens wear. The frequency of Pseudomonas sp. as a causative agent of keratitis ranged from 1% in Japan to over 50% in studies from India, Malaysia, and Thailand. The most commonly reported agents used to treat Pseudomonas keratitis were either aminoglycoside (usually gentamicin) fortified with a cephalosporin, or monotherapy with a fluoroquinolone (usually ciprofloxacin). In most geographical areas, most strains of Pseudomonas sp. (≥95%) were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, but reports from India, Nigeria, and Thailand reported sensitivity to this antibiotic and similar fluoroquinolones of between 76% and 90%.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gentamicins
  15. Fulltext 13-year-old exposed interlocking nail: a case report
    Chua, Y.C.J., Lim, L.A., Hudzairy, A.
    Malays Orthop J, 2009;3(1):91-94.
    MyJurnal
    We are reporting a case of post-traumatic chronic osteomyelitis of the tibia with an open wound exposing an intra medullar nail implant for 13 years. The patient presented with fresh ipsilateral tibia plateau fracture. He was treated by removal of the implant, debridement and local placement of Gentamicin-impregnated PMMA beads according to guidelines of two-stage Belfast technique . After five months of wound treatment, the exposed bone was covered by healthy granulation tissue and the patient was able to fully bear weight.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gentamicins
  16. Fulltext Evaluation of blood sampling times and indications for therapeutic drug monitoring services
    Aishah Hamzah, Ab Fatah Ab Rahman
    Malaysian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science, 2008;6(1):1-11.
    MyJurnal
    The appropriateness of sampling times and indications for monitoring of serum drug concentrations for the purpose of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) were evaluated at three hospitals on the east coast of Malaysia. Appropriateness criteria for indication and sampling were adapted from previously published criteria and with input from local TDM pharmacists. Six drugs were chosen, namely gentamicin, digoxin, carbamazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, and valproic acid. A total of 265 TDM requests were evaluated. Appropriateness of the indication for TDM ranged from 77.4% to 82%, while that for sampling ranged from 34.2% to 62.1%. There were no significant differences between the three hospitals in both categories of appropriateness. Among different drug groups, the percentage of appropriate indication was found to be highest with antiepileptic drugs. Antiepileptic drugs, however, had the lowest rate of appropriate sampling. Overall, findings from the three hospitals showed very encouraging results with almost 80% of the requests considered as appropriately indicated. However, the percentage of appropriateness of sampling was lower, and thus may require further investigation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gentamicins
  17. An outbreak of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the neonatal intensive care unit - Seremban Hospital
    Musa Mohd Nordin, Wong, Swee Lan
    Malaysian Journal of Child Health, 1993;5(1):26-30.
    MyJurnal
    An outbreak of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), Seremban Hospital is reported. The pattern of colonisation and infection with the MRSA was studied for the 1 year period between May 1987 till April 1988. There were few serious MRSA infections. The majority of patients were either colonised or superficially infected. The organism was resistant to all Penicillins, Gentamicin and most Cephalosporins. Netilmicin and Amikacin have shown good activity against MRSA.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gentamicins
  18. Fulltext The effectiveness of gentamicin against acanthamoeba cysts in vitro
    Noradilah, S.A., Mohamd Kamel, A.G., Anisah, N., Noraina, A.R., Yusof, S.
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2012;8(2):51-54.
    MyJurnal
    Acanthamoeba is a free-living protozoa which causes serious ocular problem. Acanthamoeba keratitis is becoming more prevalent amongst contact lens wearers and it can cause loss of vision and blindness if not treated properly. The objective of this research is to determine the effectiveness of gentamicin against six Acanthamoeba spp. isolates, of which three were clinical isolates (HS 6, HKL 95, HTH 73) and three environmental isolates (SMAL 7, SMAL 8, TTT 9). Cyst suspension from the chosen isolates were exposed to gentamicin. After 48 hours of incubation at temperature of 30°C and 37oC, each mixture was filtered and filtration membrane was put onto non-nutrient agar laid with Escherichia coli. The agar plates were incubated for three days at 30oC and 37oC and the plates were examined daily until day 14 to look for the presence of Acanthamoeba trophozoites under inverted microscope. The presence of trophozoites indicated the ineffectiveness of gentamicin. Gentamicin was found to be effective against Acanthamoeba cysts from all the test strains at both incubation temperatures. The minimum cysticidal concentration (MCC) mean value of gentamicin was 0.193 mg/mL at 30oC and 0.229 mg/mL at 37oC. So, we concluded that gentamicin has cysticidal potential towards Acanthamoeba.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gentamicins
  19. Fulltext Survivability of Acanthamoeba strains isolated from clinical and environmental specimens during axenization
    Nurul Farhana Jufri, Anisah Nordin, Mohamed Kamel Abd Ghani, Yusof Suboh, Noraina Abd Rahim
    Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2011;9(1):1-3.
    MyJurnal
    Acanthamoeba is a free living protozoa that can cause keratitis and granulomatous amoebic encephalitis. Physiological characteristics of this amoeba are found to have a medical importance in which it can be related to the pathogenicity potential of the organism. This study was carried out to investigate the physiological characteristics of survivability during axenization. Six Acanthamoeba strains from three clinical isolates (HSB 1, HKL 48 and HKL 95) and three environmental isolates (PHS 2, PHS 11 and PHS 15) were used in this study. Axenization test was done by treating cysts with hydrochloric acid (3%) and Page saline containing Gentamicin (100 µg/ml). Cysts were then cultured into PYG enrich media, incubated at 30oC and the presence and proliferation of trophozoites of Acanthamoeba were observed. This study showed that PHS 15, HSB 1, HKL 48 and HKL 95 could be axenized but they have poor proliferation rate in PYG enrich media. The result showed that the difference between both clinical and environmental isolates was observed in two strains; PHS 2 and PHS 11. This indicates that there is a possibility that the physiological traits of strains from both isolates are the same and strains from the environment are able to show the pathogenic potential and capable of causing infection to human.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gentamicins
  20. Fulltext Antibiotic resistance profiling and phenotyping of Aeromonas species isolated from aquatic sources
    Odeyemi OA, Ahmad A
    Saudi J Biol Sci, 2017 Jan;24(1):65-70.
    PMID: 28053573 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.09.016
    This study aimed to investigate antibiotics resistance pattern and phenotyping of Aeromonas species isolated from different aquatic sources in Melaka, Malaysia. A total of 53 Aeromonas species were isolated from the following sources: sediment (n = 13), bivalve (n = 10), sea cucumber (n = 16) and sea water (n = 14) and resistance to 12 antibiotics - Tetracycline (30 μg), Kanamycin (30 μg), Oxytetracycline (30 μg), Ampicillin (10 μg), Streptomycin (10 μg), Gentamicin (10 μg), Sulphamethoxazole (25 μg), Nalixidic acid (30 μg), Trimethoprim (1.25 μg), Novobiocin (5 μg), Penicilin (10 μg) and Chloramphenicol (10 μg) was tested. The results obtained from this study reveal multi drug resistance pattern among the isolates. All the isolates were completely resistant to Ampicillin, Novobiocin, Sulphamethoxazole and Trimethoprim, respectively but susceptible to Tetracycline (100%), Kanamycin (5.7%), Gentamicin (5.7%) and Oxytetracycline (24.5%). Antibiotics phenotyping of the bacteria revealed 21 different phenotypes among the isolates.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gentamicins
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