Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 67 in total

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  1. Fulltext Enhanced caffeine degradation by immobilised cells of Leifsonia sp. strain SIU
    Ibrahim S, Shukor MY, Syed MA, Johari WL, Shamaan NA, Sabullah MK, et al.
    J Gen Appl Microbiol, 2016;62(1):18-24.
    PMID: 26923127 DOI: 10.2323/jgam.62.18
    In a previous study, we isolated Leifsonia sp. strain SIU, a new bacterium from agricultured soil. The bacterium was tested for its ability to degrade caffeine. The isolate was encapsulated in gellan gum and its ability to degrade caffeine was compared with the free cells. The optimal caffeine degradation was attained at a gellan gum concentration of 0.75% (w/v), a bead size of 4 mm diameter, and 250 beads per 100 mL of medium. At a caffeine concentration of 0.1 g/L, immobilised cells of the strain SIU degraded caffeine within 9 h, which is faster when compared to the case of free cells, in which it took 12 h to degrade. The immobilised cells degraded caffeine completely within 39 and 78 h at 0.5 and 1.0 g/L, while the free cells took 72 and 148 h at 0.5 and 1.0 g/L, respectively. At higher caffeine concentrations, immobilised cells exhibited a higher caffeine degradation rate. At concentrations of 1.5 and 2.0 g/L, caffeine-degrading activities of both immobilised and free cells were inhibited. The immobilised cells showed no loss in caffeine-degrading activity after being used repeatedly for nine 24-h cycles. The effect of heavy metals on immobilised cells was also tested. This study showed an increase in caffeine degradation efficiency when the cells were encapsulated in gellan gum.
  2. Postural sway changes during static standing with concurrent task in children with traumatic brain injury
    Abdul Rahman RA, Hanapiah FA, Nikmat AW, Ismail NA, Manaf H
    Neurosciences (Riyadh), 2019 01;24(1):29-35.
    PMID: 30842397 DOI: 10.17712/nsj.2019.1.20180195
    OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of concurrent tasks (motor and cognitive) on postural control performance in children with traumatic brain injury (TBI) compared to typically developing (TD) control subjects.

    METHODS: Sixteen children with TBI (aged 11.63+/-1.89 years) and 22 TD controls (aged 11.41+/-2.24 years) participated in this case-control study. This study was conducted between May 2016 and March 2017. Each child performed static standing under 3 different conditions: single, concurrent motor, and concurrent cognitive task. Postural control performance measure includes sway area, anterior-posterior (AP) sway velocity, medio-lateral (ML) sway velocity, AP sway distance and ML sway distance as measured using the APDM Mobility Lab (Oregon, Portland). A repeated-measure analysis of variance was used to analyse the data.

    RESULTS: We found that children with TBI showed significantly more deterioration in postural control performance than TD children (p<0.05). Both concurrent tasks (motor and cognitive) significantly decreased postural control performance in both groups with more pronounced changes in children with TBI than that of the TD controls.

    CONCLUSION: The results demonstrated that, performing concurrent tasks (motor and cognitive) during upright standing resulted in deterioration of postural control performance. The existence of cognitive and balance impairment in children with TBI will possibly cause concurrent tasks to be more complex and demands greater attention compared to single task.

  3. Fulltext NFIX as a Master Regulator for Lung Cancer Progression
    Rahman NIA, Abdul Murad NA, Mollah MM, Jamal R, Harun R
    Front Pharmacol, 2017;8:540.
    PMID: 28871224 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00540
    About 40% of lung cancer cases globally are diagnosed at the advanced stage. Lung cancer has a high mortality and overall survival in stage I disease is only 70%. This study was aimed at finding a candidate of transcription regulator that initiates the mechanism for metastasis by integrating computational and functional studies. The genes involved in lung cancer were retrieved using in silico software. 10 kb promoter sequences upstream were scanned for the master regulator. Transient transfection of shRNA NFIXs were conducted against A549 and NCI-H1299 cell lines. qRT-PCR and functional assays for cell proliferation, migration and invasion were carried out to validate the involvement of NFIX in metastasis. Genome-wide gene expression microarray using a HumanHT-12v4.0 Expression BeadChip Kit was performed to identify differentially expressed genes and construct a new regulatory network. The in silico analysis identified NFIX as a master regulator and is strongly associated with 17 genes involved in the migration and invasion pathways including IL6ST, TIMP1 and ITGB1. Silencing of NFIX showed reduced expression of IL6ST, TIMP1 and ITGB1 as well as the cellular proliferation, migration and invasion processes. The data was integrated with the in silico analyses to find the differentially expressed genes. Microarray analysis showed that 18 genes were expressed differentially in both cell lines after statistical analyses integration between t-test, LIMMA and ANOVA with Benjamini-Hochberg adjustment at p-value < 0.05. A transcriptional regulatory network was created using all 18 genes, the existing regulated genes including the new genes PTCH1, NFAT5 and GGCX that were found highly associated with NFIX, the master regulator of metastasis. This study suggests that NFIX is a promising target for therapeutic intervention that is expected to inhibit metastatic recurrence and improve survival rate.
  4. Insights into bacterial community metatranscriptome and metabolome in river water influenced by palm oil mill effluent final discharge
    Sharuddin SS, Ramli N, Yusoff MZM, Muhammad NAN, Ho LS, Maeda T
    J Appl Microbiol, 2023 Oct 04;134(10).
    PMID: 37757470 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxad219
    AIMS: This study aimed to investigate the effect of palm oil mill effluent (POME) final discharge on the active bacterial composition, gene expression, and metabolite profiles in the receiving rivers to establish a foundation for identifying potential biomarkers for monitoring POME pollution in rivers.

    METHODS AND RESULTS: The POME final discharge, upstream (unpolluted by POME), and downstream (effluent receiving point) parts of the rivers from two sites were physicochemically characterized. The taxonomic and gene profiles were then evaluated using de novo metatranscriptomics, while the metabolites were detected using qualitative metabolomics. A similar bacterial community structure in the POME final discharge samples from both sites was recorded, but their composition varied. Redundancy analysis showed that several families, particularly Comamonadaceae and Burkholderiaceae [Pr(>F) = 0.028], were positively correlated with biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The results also showed significant enrichment of genes regulating various metabolisms in the POME-receiving rivers, with methane, carbon fixation pathway, and amino acids among the predominant metabolisms identified (FDR  4, and PPDE > 0.95). This was further validated through qualitative metabolomics, whereby amino acids were detected as the predominant metabolites.

    CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that genes regulating amino acid metabolism have significant potential for developing effective biomonitoring and bioremediation strategies in river water influenced by POME final discharge, fostering a sustainable palm oil industry.

  5. Diagnostic models to predict nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA recovery from incinerated teeth
    Rahmat RA, Humphries MA, Saedon NA, Self PG, Linacre AMT
    Int J Legal Med, 2023 Sep;137(5):1353-1360.
    PMID: 37306739 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-023-03017-x
    Teeth are frequently used for human identification from burnt remains, as the structure of a tooth is resilient against heat exposure. The intricate composition of hydroxyapatite (HA) mineral and collagen in teeth favours DNA preservation compared to soft tissues. Regardless of the durability, the integrity of the DNA structure in teeth can still be disrupted when exposed to heat. Poor DNA quality can negatively affect the success of DNA analysis towards human identification. The process of isolating DNA from biological samples is arduous and costly. Thus, an informative pre-screening method that could aid in selecting samples that can potentially yield amplifiable DNA would be of excellent value. A multiple linear regression model to predict the DNA content in incinerated pig teeth was developed based on the colourimetry, HA crystallite size and quantified nuclear and mitochondrial DNA. The chromaticity a* was found to be a significant predictor of the regression model. This study outlines a method to predict the viability of extracting nuclear and mitochondrial DNA from pig teeth that were exposed to a wide range of temperatures (27 to 1000 °C) with high accuracy (99.5-99.7%).
  6. Freeze-drying improves DNA yield from teeth
    Rahmat RA, Humphries MA, Linacre AMT, Malik A, Saedon NA, Austin JJ
    Forensic Sci Int, 2021 Jul 29;326:110938.
    PMID: 34343942 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2021.110938
    The common method of preparing teeth prior to DNA extraction involves cleaning, decontamination, drying and pulverisation. Moisture in post-mortem teeth can promote bacterial growth and hydrolytic damage that could contribute to DNA degradation, whilst also possibly reducing the efficiency of sample pulverisation and DNA release. Here we compared DNA extraction from pig teeth, with- and without freeze-drying, to examine the impact of removing moisture on DNA yield. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to quantify an 83 bp mitochondrial DNA fragment and two nuclear DNA fragments of 82 bp and 150 bp. The comparative results showed that sample preparation with freeze-drying resulted in a higher DNA yield without compromising the DNA quality. This study highlights the advantage of incorporating a freeze-drying to improve the DNA yield and minimising the loss of DNA during sample preparation of teeth.
  7. Fulltext Development and Validation of a Cross-Cultural Heart Failure-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire
    Mohamed NF, Ghazali SR, Yaacob NA, Rahim AAA, Maskon O
    Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J, 2018 Nov;18(4):e494-e500.
    PMID: 30988969 DOI: 10.18295/squmj.2018.18.04.011
    Objectives: Heart failure (HF) is a common clinical syndrome with an enormous impact on prognosis and lifestyle. Accordingly, rehabilitation measures need to be patient-specific and consider various sociocultural factors so as to improve the patient's quality of life (QOL). This study aimed to develop and validate a HF-specific QOL (HFQOL) questionnaire within a multicultural setting.

    Methods: This study took place at the National Heart Institute and Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, between March 2013 and March 2014. A self-administered 75-item HFQOL questionnaire was designed and administrated to 164 multi-ethnic Malaysian HF patients. Exploratory factor analysis was performed to assess the instrument's construct validity. Cronbach's alpha coefficients were used to determine internal consistency.

    Results: A total of 33 out of 75 items were retained in the final tool. The HFQOL questionnaire had three common factors-psychological, physical-social and spiritual wellbeing-resulting in a cumulative percentage of total variance of 44.3%. The factor loading ranges were 0.450-0.718 for psychological wellbeing (12 items), 0.394-0.740 for physical-social wellbeing (14 items) and 0.449-0.727 for spiritual wellbeing (seven items). The overall Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.82, with coefficients of 0.86, 0.88 and 0.79 for the psychological, physical-social and spiritual wellbeing subdomains, respectively.

    Conclusion: The HFQOL questionnaire was found to be a valid and reliable measure of QOL among Malaysian HF patients from various ethnic groups. Such tools may facilitate cardiac care management planning among multi-ethnic patients with HF.

  8. Fulltext Surgery for isolated non-inflammatory chronic total occlusion of the left main coronary artery: a case report and literature review
    Azam AF, How LA, Nor A, Badmanaban B, Sachithanandan A
    Med J Malaysia, 2011 Oct;66(4):374-5.
    PMID: 22299565 MyJurnal
    Chronic total occlusion (CTO) of the left main coronary artery (LMCA) is a rare manifestation of coronary artery disease (CAD) and defined by a total absence of antegrade blood flow to the left anterior descending (LAD) and circumflex (Cx) system. Patients are at high risk of myocardial ischaemia as a sizeable area of myocardium is at risk and thus require urgent intervention. Surgery is the treatment of choice especially with CTO lesions as percutaneous coronary intervention has limited success with a high restenosis rate. We report a rare case of a young Chinese male who presented acutely with a myocardial infarction and discuss the aetiology and peri-operative technical considerations for successful surgery with this condition.
  9. Fulltext An adaptive data-driven architecture for mental health care applications
    Sundaram A, Subramaniam H, Ab Hamid SH, Mohamad Nor A
    PeerJ, 2024;12:e17133.
    PMID: 38563009 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17133
    BACKGROUND: In the current era of rapid technological innovation, our lives are becoming more closely intertwined with digital systems. Consequently, every human action generates a valuable repository of digital data. In this context, data-driven architectures are pivotal for organizing, manipulating, and presenting data to facilitate positive computing through ensemble machine learning models. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic underscored a substantial need for a flexible mental health care architecture. This architecture, inclusive of machine learning predictive models, has the potential to benefit a larger population by identifying individuals at a heightened risk of developing various mental disorders.

    OBJECTIVE: Therefore, this research aims to create a flexible mental health care architecture that leverages data-driven methodologies and ensemble machine learning models. The objective is to proficiently structure, process, and present data for positive computing. The adaptive data-driven architecture facilitates customized interventions for diverse mental disorders, fostering positive computing. Consequently, improved mental health care outcomes and enhanced accessibility for individuals with varied mental health conditions are anticipated.

    METHOD: Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, the researchers conducted a systematic literature review in databases indexed in Web of Science to identify the existing strengths and limitations of software architecture relevant to our adaptive design. The systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023444661). Additionally, a mapping process was employed to derive essential paradigms serving as the foundation for the research architectural design. To validate the architecture based on its features, professional experts utilized a Likert scale.

    RESULTS: Through the review, the authors identified six fundamental paradigms crucial for designing architecture. Leveraging these paradigms, the authors crafted an adaptive data-driven architecture, subsequently validated by professional experts. The validation resulted in a mean score exceeding four for each evaluated feature, confirming the architecture's effectiveness. To further assess the architecture's practical application, a prototype architecture for predicting pandemic anxiety was developed.

  10. Hydrogen sulphide and tempol treatments improve the blood pressure and renal excretory responses in spontaneously hypertensive rats
    Ahmad FU, Sattar MA, Rathore HA, Tan YC, Akhtar S, Jin OH, et al.
    Ren Fail, 2014 May;36(4):598-605.
    PMID: 24502512 DOI: 10.3109/0886022X.2014.882218
    Oxidative stress and suppressed H2S production lead to increased renal vascular resistance, disturbed glomerular hemodynamics, and abnormal renal sodium and water handling, contribute to the pathogenesis and maintenance of essential hypertension in man and the spontaneously hypertensive rat. This study investigated the impact of H2S and tempol alone and in combination on blood pressure and renal hemodynamics and excretory functions in the SHR. Groups of WKY rats or SHR (n=6) were treated for 4 weeks either as controls or received NaHS (SHR+NaHS), tempol (SHR+Tempol), or NaHS plus tempol (SHR+NaHS +Tempol). Metabolic studies were performed on days 0, 14, and 28, thereafter animals were anaesthetized to measure renal hemodynamics and plasma oxidative and antioxidant markers. SHR control rats had higher mean arterial blood pressure (140.0 ± 2 vs. 100.0 ± 3 mmHg), lower plasma and urinary H2S, creatinine clearance, urine flow rate and urinary sodium excretion, and oxidative stress compared to WKY (all p<0.05). Treatment either with NaHS or with tempol alone decreased blood pressure and oxidative stress and improved renal hemodynamic and excretory function compared to untreated SHR. Combined NaHS and tempol therapy in SHRs caused larger decreases in blood pressure (∼20-22% vs. ∼11-15% and ∼10-14%), increases in creatinine clearance, urinary sodium excretion and fractional sodium excretion and up-regulated the antioxidant status compared to each agent alone (all p<0.05). These findings demonstrated that H2S and tempol together resulted in greater reductions in blood pressure and normalization of kidney function compared with either compound alone.
  11. Antioxidant and cardio protective effect of palm oil leaves extract (standardized ethanolic fraction) in rats' model of saturated fats induced metabolic disorders
    Ibraheem ZO, Satar M, Abdullah NA, Rathore H, Tan YC, Uldin F, et al.
    Pak J Pharm Sci, 2014 Jan;27(1):1-9.
    PMID: 24374430
    Recently, it is suggested to use POLE (palm oil leaf extract) as a nutraceutical health product in food industry due to its newly discovered content of polyphenols and antioxidant vitamins. In the experiment, the antioxidant and anti-lipid-peroxidation activities of the extract were confirmed using; DPPH (1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil) radical scavenging activity, ferric ion induced lipid peroxidation inhibition, reducing power and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity assays. The cardio-protective activity was studied in vivo using a model of metabolic syndrome induced by high fat diet. Lipid profile, obesity indices, renal tubular handling of water and electrolytes, blood pressure and arterial stiffness were measured at the end of the treatment period. Sprague Dawley rats weighing 150-200 g were divided into six groups, viz; group C; was treated as a negative control and fed with standard rodents chow, group H; was treated as a positive control and fed with an experimental diet enriched with saturated free fatty acids for 8 weeks, groups HP0.5, HP1 and HP2 which were fed with 0.5,1 and 2 g/kg (body weight) /day of POLE orally during the last 24 days of the high fat diet feeding period and group P; fed with highest dose of POLE. Results revealed that POLE possesses a cardio-protective effect which is ascribed to its content of polyphenols.
  12. The effects of tempol on renal function and hemodynamics in cyclosporine-induced renal insufficiency rats
    Chia TY, Sattar MA, Abdulla MH, Rathore HA, Ahmad Fu, Kaur G, et al.
    Ren Fail, 2013 Aug;35(7):978-88.
    PMID: 23822648 DOI: 10.3109/0886022X.2013.809563
    This study investigated the effects of tempol, a superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic and L-NAME, a nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor on the renal function and hemodynamics in cyclosporine A (CsA) induced renal insufficiency rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with either vehicle (C), tempol (T, 1 mmol/L in drinking fluid), L-NAME (L, 1 mmol/L in drinking fluid), CsA (Cs, 25 mg/kg/day via gavage), CsA plus tempol (TCs), CsA plus L-NAME (LCs) or CsA plus a combination of tempol and L-NAME (TLCs) for 21 consecutive days. At the end of treatment regimen, the renal responses to noradrenaline (NA), phenylephrine (PE), methoxamine and angiotensin II (Ang II) were determined. Cs and LCs rats had lower creatinine clearance (0.7 ± 0.1 and 0.6 ± 0.5 vs. 1.3 ± 0.2 mL/min/kg) and fractional excretion of sodium (0.12 ± 0.02 and 0.17 ± 0.01 vs. 0.67 ± 0.04%) but higher systolic blood pressure (145 ± 2 and 178 ± 4 vs. 116 ± 2) compared to the control (all p 
  13. Special focus on the role of α(1D)-adrenoreceptors in the assessment of renal tubular sodium re-absorptive responses in spontaneously hypertensive rats subjected to high sodium diet
    Kazi RN, Sattar MA, Abdullah NA, Khan MA, Rathore HA, Abdulla MH, et al.
    Yakugaku Zasshi, 2011 Mar;131(3):431-6.
    PMID: 21372540
    α(1D)-adrenoceptors are involved in the genesis/maintenance of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). This study aims to investigate the role of α(1D)-adrenoceptors in the antinatriuretic and antidiuretic responses in SHR subjected to high sodium (SHRHNa) and normal sodium (SHRNNa) intake for six weeks. Renal inulin clearance study was performed in which the antinatriuretic and antidiuretic responses to phenylephrine were examined in the presence and absence of α(₁D)-adrenoceptors blocker BMY7378. Data, mean±S.E.M. were subjected to ANOVA with significance at p<0.05. Results show that feeding SHR for six weeks with high salt did not cause any change in blood pressure. SHRHNa had higher (all p<0.05) urine flow rate (UFR), fractional and absolute excretion of sodium (FE(Na) and U(Na)V) compared to SHRNNa. Phenylephrine infusion produced significant reduction in UFR, FE(Na) and U(Na)V in both SHRHNa and SHRNNa. The antidiuretic and antinatriuretic responses to phenylephrine in both groups were attenuated in the presence of BMY7378. Moreover, the antidiuretic and antinatriuretic responses to phenylephrine and BMY7378 were independent on any significant changes in renal and glomerular hemodynamics in both groups. Thus we conclude that high sodium intake did not bring any further increase in blood pressure of SHR, however, it results in exaggerated natriuresis and diuresis in SHRHNa. Irrespective of dietary sodium changes, α₁-adrenoceptors are involved in mediating the antinatriuretic and antidiuretic responses to phenylephrine in SHR. Further, high sodium intake did not significantly influence the functionality of α(₁D)-adrenoceptors in mediating the adrenergically induced antinatriuresis and antidiuresis.
  14. Renal ischemic injury affects renal hemodynamics and excretory functions in Sprague Dawley rats: involvement of renal sympathetic tone
    Salman IM, Sattar MA, Abdullah NA, Ameer OZ, Yam MF, Kaur G, et al.
    Ren Fail, 2010 Jan;32(1):96-102.
    PMID: 20113274 DOI: 10.3109/08860220903389196
    The role of renal sympathetic nerves in the pathogenesis of ischemic acute renal failure (ARF) and the immediate changes in the renal excretory functions following renal ischemia were investigated. Two groups of male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were anesthetized (pentobarbitone sodium, 60 mg kg(-1) i.p.) and subjected to unilateral renal ischemia by clamping the left renal artery for 30 min followed by reperfusion. In group 1, the renal nerves were electrically stimulated and the responses in the renal blood flow (RBF) and renal vascular resistance (RVR) were recorded, while group 2 was used to study the early changes in the renal functions following renal ischemia. In post-ischemic animals, basal RBF and the renal vasoconstrictor reperfusion to renal nerve stimulation (RNS) were significantly lower (all p < 0.05 vs. control). Mean arterial pressure (MAP), basal RVR, urine flow rate (UFR), absolute and fractional excretions of sodium (U(Na)V and FE(Na)), and potassium (U(K)V and FE(K)) were higher in ARF rats (all p < 0.05 vs. control). Post-ischemic animals showed markedly lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (p < 0.05 vs. control). No appreciable differences were observed in urinary sodium to potassium ratio (U(Na)/U(K)) during the early reperfusion phase of renal ischemia (p > 0.05 vs. control). The data suggest an immediate involvement of renal sympathetic nerve action in the pathogenesis of ischemic ARF primarily through altered renal hemodynamics. Diuresis, natriuresis, and kaliuresis due to impaired renal tubular functions are typical responses to renal ischemia and of comparable magnitudes.
  15. Fulltext Cystathione gamma lyase/Hydrogen Sulphide Pathway Up Regulation Enhances the Responsiveness of α1A and α1B-Adrenoreceptors in the Kidney of Rats with Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
    Ahmad A, Sattar MA, Azam M, Abdulla MH, Khan SA, Hashmi F, et al.
    PLoS One, 2016;11(5):e0154995.
    PMID: 27191852 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154995
    The purpose of the present study was to investigate the interaction between H2S and NO (nitric oxide) in the kidney and to evaluate its impact on the functional contribution of α1A and α1B-adrenoreceptors subtypes mediating the renal vasoconstriction in the kidney of rats with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). In rats the LVH induction was by isoprenaline administration and caffeine in the drinking water together with intraperitoneal administration of H2S. The responsiveness of α1A and α1B to exogenous noradrenaline, phenylephrine and methoxaminein the absence and presence of 5-methylurapidil (5-MeU) and chloroethylclonidine (CEC) was studied. Cystathione gamma lyase (CSE), cystathione β synthase (CBS), 3-mercaptopyruvate sulphar transferase (3-MST) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) were quantified. There was significant up regulation of CSE and eNOS in the LVH-H2S compared to the LVH group (P<0.05). Baseline renal cortical blood perfusion (RCBP) was increased (P<0.05) in the LVH-H2S compared to the LVH group. The responsiveness of α1A-adrenergic receptors to adrenergic agonists was increased (P<0.05) after administration of low dose 5-Methylurapidil in the LVH-H2S group while α1B-adrenergic receptors responsiveness to adrenergic agonists were increased (P<0.05) by both low and high dose chloroethylclonidine in the LVH-H2S group. Treatment of LVH with H2S resulted in up-regulation of CSE/H2S, CBS, and 3-MST and eNOS/NO/cGMP pathways in the kidney. These up regulation of CSE/H2S, CBS, and 3-MST and eNOS/NO/cGMP pathways enhanced the responsiveness of α1A and α1B-adrenoreceptors subtypes to adrenergic agonists in LVH-H2S. These findings indicate an important role for H2S in modulating deranged signalling in the renal vasculature resulting from LVH development.
  16. Functional contribution of α1D-adrenoceptors in the renal vasculature of left ventricular hypertrophy induced with isoprenaline and caffeine in Wistar-Kyoto rats
    Ahmad A, Sattar MA, Rathore HA, Abdulla MH, Khan SA, Abdullah NA, et al.
    Can J Physiol Pharmacol, 2014 Dec;92(12):1029-35.
    PMID: 25403946 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2014-0236
    This study investigated the role of α1D-adrenoceptor in the modulation of renal haemodynamics in rats with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). LVH was established in Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats with isoprenaline (5.0 mg · (kg body mass)(-1), by subcutaneous injection every 72 h) and caffeine (62 mg · L(-1) in drinking water, daily for 14 days). Renal vasoconstrictor responses were measured for noradrenaline (NA), phenylephrine (PE), and methoxamine (ME) before and immediately after low or high dose intrarenal infusions of BMY 7378, a selective α1D-adrenoceptor blocker. The rats with LVH had higher mean arterial blood pressure and circulating NA levels, but lower renal cortical blood perfusion compared with the control group (all P < 0.05). In the LVH group, the magnitude of the renal vasoconstrictor response to ME was blunted, but not the response to NA or PE (P < 0.05), compared with the control group (LVH vs. C, 38% vs. 50%). The magnitude of the drop in the vasoconstrictor responses to NA, PE, and ME in the presence of a higher dose of BMY 7378 was significantly greater in the LVH group compared with the control group (LVH vs. C, 45% vs. 25% for NA, 52% vs. 33% for PE, 66% vs. 53% for ME, all P < 0.05). These findings indicate an impaired renal vasoconstrictor response to adrenergic agonists during LVH. In addition, the α1D-adrenoceptor subtype plays a key role in the modulation of vascular responses in this diseased state.
  17. Role of the renal sympathetic nervous system in mediating renal ischaemic injury-induced reductions in renal haemodynamic and excretory functions
    Salman IM, Ameer OZ, Sattar MA, Abdullah NA, Yam MF, Najim HS, et al.
    Pathology, 2010 Apr;42(3):259-66.
    PMID: 20350220 DOI: 10.3109/00313021003631304
    We investigated the role of renal sympathetic innervation in the deterioration of renal haemodynamic and excretory functions during the early post-ischaemic phase of renal ischaemia/reperfusion injury.
  18. Influence of social support on limitation in daily living among older persons in Malaysia
    Mahmud NA, Shahein NA, Yoep N, Mahmud MAF, Maw Pin T, Paiwai F, et al.
    Geriatr Gerontol Int, 2020 Dec;20 Suppl 2:26-32.
    PMID: 33370856 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14029
    AIM: Studies on the influence of social support on activity limitation among older persons remain limited. A better understanding of this relationship will help with resource planning and policy making aimed to reduce burden of care. The objective of this study was to assess the influence of social support on limitation in daily living among older persons in Malaysia.

    METHODS: Data from the National Health and Morbidity Survey 2018, a nation-wide, cross-sectional survey using a two-stage stratified sampling design, were analyzed. A representative sample of individuals aged ≥60 years identified through national sampling frames throughout Malaysia was included. Face-to-face interviews were conducted using validated questionnaires on activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL (IADL). Social support was measured using the Duke Social Support Index.

    RESULTS: The overall prevalence of the presence of any limitations in ADL and IADL was 17.0% and 42.9% respectively. Overall prevalence of the older persons with low to fair social support was 30.8% and high to very high social support was 69.2%. Logistic regression analysis identified the following factors as being associated with limitations in ADL and IADL: being female, of older age, having a monthly income

  19. Renal sympathetic nervous system hyperactivity in early streptozotocin-induced diabetic kidney disease
    Salman IM, Ameer OZ, Sattar MA, Abdullah NA, Yam MF, Abdullah GZ, et al.
    Neurourol Urodyn, 2011 Mar;30(3):438-46.
    PMID: 21284025 DOI: 10.1002/nau.21007
    We assessed the role of renal sympathetic nervous system in the deterioration of renal hemodynamic and excretory functions in rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic kidney disease (DKD).
  20. Fulltext Effect of nonsurgical periodontal treatment on clinical periodontal variables and salivary resistin levels in obese Asians
    Akram Z, Baharuddin NA, Vaithilingam RD, Rahim ZH, Chinna K, Krishna VG, et al.
    J Oral Sci, 2017 Mar 31;59(1):93-102.
    PMID: 28049964 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.16-0127
    This study investigated changes in periodontal outcomes after nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) and evaluated associations of change in salivary resistin level with periodontal outcomes in obese Malaysians with chronic periodontitis. Sixty-two obese adults with chronic periodontitis were randomly divided into a test group (n = 31), which received NSPT, and a control group (n = 31), which received no treatment. Plaque score (PS), gingival bleeding index (GBI), probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were measured at baseline and at 6 and 12 weeks after NSPT. Salivary resistin levels were evaluated by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. PS was significantly lower in patients who received NSPT than in the control group at 6 and 12 weeks (P < 0.05). In the NSPT group the percentages of sites with shallow and moderate pockets decreased significantly, but there was no significant change in deep pockets. Resistin levels significantly decreased after NSPT (P < 0.05). Change in salivary resistin level was not significantly associated with periodontal outcomes. In obese Malaysians, NSPT significantly improved PS and GBI, and improved PPD and CAL for shallow and moderately deep pockets but not for deep pockets. Salivary resistin level was not associated with improvement in either periodontal variable.
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