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Reliability and validity of MicroScribe-3DXL system in comparison with radiographic cephalometric system: Angular measurements

Barmou MM, Hussain SF, Abu Hassan MI

Int Orthod, 2018 06;16(2):314-327.
PMID: 29673688 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2018.03.005

AIM: The aim of the study was to assess the reliability and validity of cephalometric variables from MicroScribe-3DXL.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven cephalometric variables (facial angle, ANB, maxillary depth, U1/FH, FMA, IMPA, FMIA) were measured by a dentist in 60 Malay subjects (30 males and 30 females) with class I occlusion and balanced face. Two standard images were taken for each subject with conventional cephalometric radiography and MicroScribe-3DXL. All the images were traced and analysed. SPSS version 2.0 was used for statistical analysis with P-value was set at P<0.05.
RESULTS: The results revealed a significant statistic difference in four measurements (U1/FH, FMA, IMPA, FMIA) with P-value range (0.00 to 0.03). The difference in the measurements was considered clinically acceptable. The overall reliability of MicroScribe-3DXL was 92.7% and its validity was 91.8%.
CONCLUSION: The MicroScribe-3DXL is reliable and valid to most of the cephalometric variables with the advantages of saving time and cost. This is a promising device to assist in diverse areas in dental practice and research.

Matched MeSH terms: Reproducibility of Results
Fulltext The effects of different types of stimulus and its test-retest reliability on cervical evoked myogenic potential (CVEMP) results

Mohamad Amir Faisal Mohd Saufi, Nur Hafizah Sulaiman, Sarah Rahmat

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2017;16(11):11-0.
MyJurnal

The Cervical Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential (cVEMP) is used to
evaluate the integrity of saccule and inferior vestibular nerve. There are a lot of factors
affecting cVEMP results including stimulus types. This study was carried out to determine
the effects of different stimuli on cVEMP results and its test-retest reliability. (Copied from article).

Matched MeSH terms: Reproducibility of Results
Fulltext Translation, Cross-Cultural Adaptation, and Validation of the Malay Version of the System Usability Scale Questionnaire for the Assessment of Mobile Apps

Mohamad Marzuki MF, Yaacob NA, Yaacob NM

JMIR Hum Factors, 2018 May 14;5(2):e10308.
PMID: 29759955 DOI: 10.2196/10308

BACKGROUND: A mobile app is a programmed system designed to be used by a target user on a mobile device. The usability of such a system refers not only to the extent to which product can be used to achieve the task that it was designed for, but also its effectiveness and efficiency, as well as user satisfaction. The System Usability Scale is one of the most commonly used questionnaires used to assess the usability of a system. The original 10-item version of System Usability Scale was developed in English and thus needs to be adapted into local languages to assess the usability of a mobile apps developed in other languages.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to translate and validate (with cross-cultural adaptation) the English System Usability Scale questionnaire into Malay, the main language spoken in Malaysia. The development of a translated version will allow the usability of mobile apps to be assessed in Malay.
METHODS: Forward and backward translation of the questionnaire was conducted by groups of Malay native speakers who spoke English as their second language. The final version was obtained after reconciliation and cross-cultural adaptation. The content of the Malay System Usability Scale questionnaire for mobile apps was validated by 10 experts in mobile app development. The efficacy of the questionnaire was further probed by testing the face validity on 10 mobile phone users, followed by reliability testing involving 54 mobile phone users.
RESULTS: The content validity index was determined to be 0.91, indicating good relevancy of the 10 items used to assess the usability of a mobile app. Calculation of the face validity index resulted in a value of 0.94, therefore indicating that the questionnaire was easily understood by the users. Reliability testing showed a Cronbach alpha value of .85 (95% CI 0.79-0.91) indicating that the translated System Usability Scale questionnaire is a reliable tool for the assessment of usability of a mobile app.
CONCLUSIONS: The Malay System Usability Scale questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool to assess the usability of mobile app in Malaysia.

Matched MeSH terms: Reproducibility of Results
Fulltext Malaysians' Preferences and Concerns Regarding Seeking Information About Illegal Drugs

Chie QT, Tam CL, Bonn G

Front Public Health, 2018;6:143.
PMID: 29868548 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2018.00143

A brief survey asked Malaysians if they had searched for information about illegal drugs and their thoughts about the information available. Two hundred and eighty participants from four states: Selangor, Penang, Malacca, and Johor filled out a paper-and-pencil survey including both multiple choice and open-ended written questions. Quantitative analyses of closed-ended, and thematic analyses of open-ended data indicated the following: Half of participants had, at some point, actively searched for information about drug use; 28% reported searching at least once per month. Participants generally (79%) preferred to obtain information online, but 62% also reported sharing and obtaining information about drugs in face-to-face interactions with friends and others. Concerns regarding the reliability of information, such as the presence of conflicting or contradictory messages from multiple sources, was a common theme in open ended responses. Of those who searched for information, about 70% reported desiring more detailed information about different drugs, in particular about their various side effects and risks. It is suggested that drug information campaigns, particularly those aimed at university students, might better focus on providing accurate, detailed information about the risks and other issues involved in various types of drug use, rather than one-size-fits-all messages. Given the varied and confusing nature of information already available, overly simplistic anti-drug messages may be ineffective, if not counterproductive.

Matched MeSH terms: Reproducibility of Results
Fulltext Field evaluation of magnetic actuator driven switchgear in Malaysia

Mohd Dzaki, Mohd Amir, Sanuri, Ishak

Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2017;25(102):61-68.
MyJurnal

Magnetic actuator driven switchgear is a new medium voltage switchgear technology. In this switchgear, the conventional spring mechanism which is used to operate the circuit breaker is replaced with a magnetic actuator mechanism. The suitability of this technology in the Malaysian utility network specifically in highly loaded areas with frequent switching was assessed via a field evaluation. Preliminary results indicated that magnetic actuator driven switchgear perform commendably on the safety aspect, on-site performance monitoring and online diagnostic test results. However, there are several concerns that need to be addressed such as the ease of installation, substation system requirements, high life cycle cost and reliability of components, before this technology can be used widely.

Matched MeSH terms: Reproducibility of Results
Performance of small and large scales rainwater harvesting systems in commercial buildings under different reliability and future water tariff scenarios

Lani NHM, Syafiuddin A, Yusop Z, Adam UB, Amin MZBM

Sci Total Environ, 2018 Sep 15;636:1171-1179.
PMID: 29913579 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.418

A rainwater harvesting system (RWHS) was proposed for small and large commercial buildings in Malaysia as an alternative water supply for non-potable water consumption. The selected small and large commercial buildings are AEON Taman Universiti and AEON Bukit Indah, respectively. Daily rainfall data employed in this work were obtained from the nearest rainfall station at Senai International Airport, which has the longest and reliable rainfall record (29 years). Water consumption at both buildings were monitored daily and combined with the secondary data obtained from the AEON's offices. The mass balance model was adopted as the simulation approach. In addition, the economic benefits of RWHS in terms of percentage of reliability (R), net present value (NPV), return on investment (ROI), benefit-cost ratio (BCR), and payback period (PBP) were examined. Effects of rainwater tank sizes and water tariffs on the economic indicators were also evaluated. The results revealed that the percentages of reliability of the RWHS for the small and large commercial buildings were up to 93 and 100%, respectively, depending on the size of rainwater tank use. The economic benefits of the proposed RWHS were highly influenced by the tank size and water tariff. At different water tariffs between RM3.0/m3 and RM4.7/m3, the optimum PBPs for small system range from 6.5 to 10.0 years whereas for the large system from 3.0 to 4.5 years. Interestingly, the large commercial RWHS offers better NPV, ROI, BCR, and PBP compared to the small system, suggesting more economic benefits for the larger system.

Matched MeSH terms: Reproducibility of Results
Fulltext Egress modeling in performance based fire engineering design–fire safety study at NIOSH Tower

Hari Krishnan Tamil Selvan, Raemy Md Zein, Mohd Abd Muiz Che Abd Aziz, Noorul Azreen Azis

Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 2015;12(1):41-44.
MyJurnal

Evacuation profile systems in high rise building are important to determine the safety level during any fire
emergency. In relation to this, the study was conducted with its objective to develop the evacuation profile for
NIOSH Tower. Evacnet-4 software was used to develop models for building evacuations using the building network
descriptions and the initial content of the occupant at the beginning of the evacuation. The results show that it
requires 390 seconds to evacuate NIOSH tower, with the highest number of bottlenecks recorded for the Third Floor.
Identification of bottleneck is important to determine the evacuation periods. The information gained from the model
may be used for the emergency response planning and for support material. The model should be tested in real time
to have its reliability verified.

Matched MeSH terms: Reproducibility of Results
Fulltext Improving forecasting accuracy for stock market data using EMD-HW bagging

Awajan AM, Ismail MT, Al Wadi S

PLoS One, 2018;13(7):e0199582.
PMID: 30016323 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199582

Many researchers documented that the stock market data are nonstationary and nonlinear time series data. In this study, we use EMD-HW bagging method for nonstationary and nonlinear time series forecasting. The EMD-HW bagging method is based on the empirical mode decomposition (EMD), the moving block bootstrap and the Holt-Winter. The stock market time series of six countries are used to compare EMD-HW bagging method. This comparison is based on five forecasting error measurements. The comparison shows that the forecasting results of EMD-HW bagging are more accurate than the forecasting results of the fourteen selected methods.

Matched MeSH terms: Reproducibility of Results
Fulltext Cross-cultural adaptation of the reliable and valid Malay version of alcohol use disorder identification test

Ali, N., Abdul Mutalip, M.H., Kamaruddin, R., Manickam, M.A., Ahmad, N.A.

Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 2017;26(2):19-31.
MyJurnal

Background: Early detection of alcohol abuse and associated risk(s) is necessary. It requires easy and reliable screening tools that are culturally
adapted to the local context.
Objectives: The aims of this study were to cross culturally adapt, test for its reliability and validity of the Malay version of Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Testing (AUDIT-M).
Methods: The cross-cultural adaptation process involved four stages: translation, synthesis, back translation and field pre-testing. The final version of AUDIT-M was pre-tested and post-tested within a 10-day interval among 37 respondents at the Tampin Health Clinic. Analysis of reliability and validity testing were done using SPSS version 21.
Results: There were 37 participants in this study. The Intra-Class Correlation (ICC) with single measures of the test-retest scores was 0.93 (Cronbach alpha = 0.97), while the internal consistency reliability yielded (Cronbach alpha=0.92). Validity testing for the Pre-test and Post-test analysis with the Pearson correlation analysis was r=0.938.
Conclusion: The translated Malay version of the AUDIT-M was found to be easy to understand and adaptable in the Malaysian context.

Matched MeSH terms: Reproducibility of Results
Fulltext Learning assessment model for invasion category games in year 4 physical education

Liza Saad, Azali Rahmat, Norkhalid Salimin

Jurnal Sains Sukan & Pendidikan Jasmani, 2016;5(1):35-48.
MyJurnal

Journal of Sports Science and Physical Education 5(1): 35-48, 2016 - This study aimed to
determine the validity and reliability of Learning Assessment Model for Invasion Category
Games in Year 4 Physical Education. This study uses a holistic instrument for assessing
student performance standards for the assessment of Invasion Category Games that includes
teacher observation that consisted of psychomotor, cognitive and affective domain.
Measuring instruments were constructed based on five main sources that were the Handbook
of Physical Education Teaching, Curriculum and Assessment Document Standard of Physical
Education, Physical Education textbooks, Professional Circular No. 1/2014 and the Malaysia
Education Blueprint 2013-2025. All sources are used as a guide and reference so that the
instruments to assess are built in conformity with the requirements and needs of physical
education. The study found that the validity of the instrument Learning Assessment Model
for the invasion category games is high for both the legality of the process. The reliability of
the instruments Learning Assessment Model for the offensive category game between the two
testers for the achievement level of students learning in the three domains showed a strong
relationship. Based on the findings, this Learning Assessment Model is suitable to be used as
a standard instrument for assessing the level of student mastery of the Invasion Category
Games in Physical Education. The implication of the study is Learning Assessment Model
can become a more realistic and holistic assessment instrument and can be used to measure
the level of students in line with school-based assessment requirements as outlined in the Malaysia Education Blueprint 2013-2025.

Matched MeSH terms: Reproducibility of Results
Fulltext A smart wheelchair prototype based on hand gesture control

Shaari AR, Mohd Jani MN, Mohamed Yunus AS

Journal of Engineering and Science Research, 2017;1(2):209-214.
MyJurnal

Wheelchair has been an important assistive device and the demand are ever rising because of the increasing physically handicapped and old age populations. The recent development in the robotics artificial intelligence extends vast scope for developing the more advanced and intelligent one to overcome limitations of the existing traditional wheelchairs. The prototype smart wheelchair were present on this paper using hardware implementation with the help of simple hand gesture which is comprises of an accelerometer mounted on the hand glove senses the tilt angle of the user hand movements and transmits control signal to the receiver mounted on wheelchair. This will interpret the movement accordingly required by user. The wheelchair control unit is developed by integration of ATMEGA328 microcontroller with Arduino UNO. The wheelchair is developed to allow peoples to move safely and put reliability in accomplishment of some important tasks in daily life.

Matched MeSH terms: Reproducibility of Results
Effect of scanning parameters on dose-response of radiochromic films irradiated with photon and electron beams

Tagiling N, Ab Rashid R, Azhan SNA, Dollah N, Geso M, Rahman WN

Heliyon, 2018 Oct;4(10):e00864.
PMID: 30364574 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00864

Proper dosimetry settings are crucial in radiotherapy to ensure accurate radiation dose delivery. This work evaluated scanning parameters as affecting factors in reading the dose-response of EBT2 and EBT3 radiochromic films (RCFs) irradiated with clinical photon and electron beams. The RCFs were digitised using Epson® Expression® 10000XL flatbed scanner and image analyses of net optical density (netOD) were conducted using five scanning parameters i.e. film type, resolution, image bit depth, colour to grayscale transformation and image inversion. The results showed that increasing spatial resolution and deepening colour depth did not improve film sensitivity, while grayscale scanning caused sensitivity reduction below than that detected in the Red-channel. It is also evident that invert and colour negative film type selection negated netOD values, hence unsuitable for scanning RCFs. In conclusion, choosing appropriate scanning parameters are important to maintain preciseness and reproducibility in films dosimetry.

Matched MeSH terms: Reproducibility of Results
Fulltext Comparison of popular sagittal cephalometric analyses for validity and reliability

Qamaruddin I, Alam MK, Shahid F, Tanveer S, Umer M, Amin E

Saudi Dent J, 2018 Jan;30(1):43-46.
PMID: 30166870 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2017.10.002

Background: The analysis of skeletal relationships of jaws in the sagittal plane is of utmost importance in orthodontic diagnosis for which numerous lateral cephalometric analyses have emerged. None of the analyses is without flaws. Current study compares ANB, Wits appraisal, Beta angle, Yen angle and W angle for their validity and reliability in diagnosis of skeletal classes.
Methods: Pretreatment cephalograph of 209 orthodontic patients comprised of 92 males and 117 females were selected from orthodontic archives. Radiographs were traced for ANB, Wits appraisal, Beta angle, W angle and Yen angle measurements. Patients were divided into three skeletal classes i.e. class I, II and III based on measurements and incisor classification and profile recorded from their files. ANOVA was applied to check the validity of performed analyses and Cramer's correlation was performed to find out the correlation between analyses and skeletal classes.
Results: All performed analyses showed statistically significant difference in the values for all three skeletal classes p

Matched MeSH terms: Reproducibility of Results
Fulltext Palm Kernel Shell Activated Carbon as an Inorganic Framework for Shape-Stabilized Phase Change Material

Nicholas AF, Hussein MZ, Zainal Z, Khadiran T

Nanomaterials (Basel), 2018 Sep 05;8(9).
PMID: 30189654 DOI: 10.3390/nano8090689

The preparation of activated carbon using palm kernel shells as the precursor (PKSAC) was successfully accomplished after the parametric optimization of the carbonization temperature, carbonization holding time, and the ratio of the activator (H₃PO₄) to the precursor. Optimization at 500 °C for 2 h of carbonization with 20% H₃PO₄ resulted in the highest surface area of the activated carbon (C20) of 1169 m² g-1 and, with an average pore size of 27 Å. Subsequently, the preparation of shape-stabilized phase change material (SSPCM-C20) was done by the encapsulation of n-octadecane into the pores of the PKSAC, C20. The field emission scanning electron microscope images and the nitrogen gas adsorption-desorption isotherms show that n-octadecane was successfully encapsulated into the pores of C20. The resulting SSPCM-C20 nano-composite shows good thermal reliability which is chemically and thermally stable and can stand up to 500 melting and freezing cycles. This research work provided a new strategy for the preparation of SSPCM material for thermal energy storage application generated from oil palm waste.

Matched MeSH terms: Reproducibility of Results
Identification of VOCs from natural rubber by different headspace techniques coupled using GC-MS

Kamarulzaman NH, Le-Minh N, Stuetz RM

Talanta, 2019 Jan 01;191:535-544.
PMID: 30262095 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.09.019

Different extraction procedures were evaluated to assess their potential for measuring volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from raw rubber materials. Four headspace sampling techniques (SHS, DHS, HS-SPME and µ-CTE) were studied. Each method was firstly optimised to ensure their reliability in performance. Passive sampling was also compared as a rapid identification of background VOCs. 352 VOCs were identified, 71 from passive sampling and 281 from active headspace sampling, with 62 not previously reported (hexanenitrile, octanone, decanal, indole, aniline, anisole, alpha-pinene as well as pentanol and butanol). The volatiles belonged to a broad range of chemical classes (ketones, aldehydes, aromatics, acids, alkanes, alcohol and cyclic) with their thermal effects (lower boiling points) greatly affecting their abundance at a higher temperature. Micro-chamber (µ-CTE) was found to be the most suitability for routine assessments due to its operational efficiency (rapidity, simplicity and repeatability), identifying 115 compounds from both temperatures (30 °C and 60 °C). Whereas, HS-SPME a widely applied headspace technique, only identified 75 compounds and DHS identified 74 VOCs and SHS only 17 VOCs. Regardless of the extraction technique, the highest extraction efficiency corresponded to aromatics and acids, and the lowest compound extraction were aldehyde and hydrocarbon. The interaction between techniques and temperature for all chemical groups were evaluated using two-way ANOVA (p-value is 0.000197) explaining the highly significant interactions between factors.

Matched MeSH terms: Reproducibility of Results
Fulltext Validity and reliability of Vicon™ motion capture camera over the traditional anthropometric method

Muhammad Fikri, Z., Ruzy Haryati, H., Seri Rahayu, K.

Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2018;18(102):142-151.
MyJurnal

Anthropometric study is one of the oldest branches of study in ergonomics where it serves a purpose in study of
proportion and size for human body. One of the common methods used in anthropometric measurement is traditional
measurement or direct measurement. However, Malaysia is still left behind other countries in development of national
anthropometric database. Researchers in Malaysia are still relying on the traditional anthropometric (TA)
measurement. There are several important factors that contribute to problems in TA such as accuracy, time, posture,
identification of landmarks, instrument positions and orientations, and pressure exerted due to measuring equipment. In
view of the fact that the difficulties of obtaining human anthropometry, it becomes necessary to propose a method which
has less contact executed to respondent. This study aims to propose a new anthropometric measurement method using
motion capture camera (MCC) method, later to develop the database for youth male population. A pilot test was done
in order to confirm the measuring procedure as well as the flow of the study. Next, the Minitab statistical software used
to check the validity and reliability of data using the tests of a) Accuracy-Pearson/Spearman Correlation b) BiasPaired
T-Test c) Test-Retest Reliability-Pearson/Spearman Correlation d) Precision-Mean Absolute Difference and
Relative Error Measurement. Results showed that the validity and reliability of this motion camera has successfully
obtained and the anthropometric data for youth male respondents has successfully constructed. These findings can be
used and expended to the national anthropometric database to be utilised in ergonomics design.

Matched MeSH terms: Reproducibility of Results
Fulltext Revisiting the Taxonomic Status of the Biomedically and Industrially Important Genus Amycolatopsis, Using a Phylogenomic Approach

Sangal V, Goodfellow M, Blom J, Tan GYA, Klenk HP, Sutcliffe IC

Front Microbiol, 2018;9:2281.
PMID: 30319584 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02281

Strains belonging to the genus Amycolatopsis are well known for the production of a number of important antimicrobials and other bioactive molecules. In this study, we have sequenced the genomes of five Amycolatopsis strains including Amycolatopsis circi DSM 45561T, Amycolatopsis palatopharyngis DSM 44832T and Amycolatopsis thermalba NRRL B-24845T. The genome sequences were analyzed with 52 other publically available Amycolatopsis genomes, representing 34 species, and 12 representatives from related genera including Saccharomonospora, Saccharopolyspora, Saccharothrix, Pseudonocardia and Thermobispora. Based on the core genome phylogeny, Amycolatopsis strains were subdivided into four major clades and several singletons. The genus Amycolatopsis is homogeneous with only three strains noted to group with other genera. Amycolatopsis halophila YIM93223T is quite distinct from other Amycolatopsis strains, both phylogenetically and taxonomically, and belongs to a distinct genus. In addition, Amycolatopsis palatopharyngis DSM 44832T and Amycolatopsis marina CGMCC4 3568T grouped in a clade with Saccharomonospora strains and showed similar taxogenomic differences to this genus as well as other Amycolatopsis strains. The study found a number of strains, particularly those identified as Amycolatopsis orientalis, whose incorrect identification could be resolved by taxogenomic analyses. Similarly, some unclassified strains could be assigned with species designations. The genome sequences of some strains that were independently sequenced by different laboratories were almost identical (99-100% average nucleotide and amino acid identities) consistent with them being the same strain, and confirming the reproducibility and robustness of genomic data. These analyses further demonstrate that whole genome sequencing can reliably resolve intra- and, inter-generic structures and should be incorporated into prokaryotic systematics.

Matched MeSH terms: Reproducibility of Results
Fulltext Expert validation of a questionnaire on nutritional knowledge and supplement habits among disabled athletes in Malaysia

Nurul Athirah Mohd Azhari, Norazmir Md Nor, Haidzir Manaf

Movement Health & Exercise, 2018;7(2):145-150.
MyJurnal

Disability sport is becoming more popular worldwide as shown by increased participation from athletes. The increase participation exerted pressure on the athletes to achieve better sports performance. One of the factors in enhancing sports performances is nutrition. A proper diet is needed for athletes, as it is an essential component in optimizing physical development and sports performance. Identifying the nutritional knowledge and supplement habits among disabled athletes will help maximize the benefits of nutrition. Despite the importance of nutrition, there is no validated questionnaire for identifying nutritional knowledge and supplement habits among disabled athletes in Malaysia. Thus, this study aims to develop and validate a questionnaire on nutritional knowledge and supplement habits among Malaysian disabled athletes and to examine the reliability of the questionnaire. This paper intends to discuss the validation of the developed questionnaire specifically on expert validation. The target population of this study is Malaysian disabled athletes. Firstly, the questionnaire is developed and adapted from previous literature on both nutritional knowledge and supplement habits for disabled athletes. Then, the developed questionnaire undergoes translation process before proceeding with validation and reliability process. Expert validation requires a panel of experts in sports nutrition, nutrition and dietitian fields. The questionnaire will be analyzed in terms of content validity ratio (CVR). The expected result of this study is a questionnaire validated by an expert panel on nutritional knowledge and supplement habits among Malaysian disabled athletes. In future research, the reliability of the questionnaire will be tested on 23 Malaysian disabled athletes, and their nutritional status will be identified. Hence, this study will help to promote the growth of disability sports in Malaysia and enhance the sports performance of disabled athletes in Malaysia through nutrition.

Matched MeSH terms: Reproducibility of Results
Fulltext Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: The Reliability, Sensitivity and Specificity of the Nerve Root Sedimentation Sign

Yusof MI, Azizan AF, Abdullah MS

Malays Orthop J, 2018 Jul;12(2):1-6.
PMID: 30112121 MyJurnal DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1807.001

Introduction: This study is to evaluate the reliability, sensitivity and specificity of nerve root sedimentation sign (NRS) in our populations. The NRS is a radiological sign to diagnose lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). It is claimed to be reliable with high sensitivity and specificity. Materials and Methods: A total of 82 MRI images from 43 patients in Group A (LSS) and 39 patients in Group B (non LSS) were analysed and compared for the presence of the NRS sign. Two assessors were used to evaluate intra and inter-assessor reliability of this sign based on 56 (33 patients, Group A and 23 patients, Group B). The findings were statistically analysed using SPSS software. Results: There was a significant association between spinal claudication and leg numbness with LSS (p<0.001 and Kappa=0.857, p<0.001). The inter-assessor reliability was also good (Kappa of 0.786, p<0.001). Conclusion: The NRS sign has high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing LSS. The sign also has good intra and inter-assessor reliability.

Matched MeSH terms: Reproducibility of Results
Fulltext Modern medical devices and hospital decision making: a review of ethical and social considerations during the manufacture and the use of advanced medical devices

Choudhury, Shudipta

JUMMEC, 2019;22(1):1-7.
MyJurnal

Background: The adoption of technologically advanced medical devices assisted healthcare providers to
examine and treat diseases. However, technological advancements could increase the threats to safety,
security, and reliability of the devices from complications associated with manufacturing, functionality, and
the clinical application of the devices.

Aim: To examine the safety threats, cost implication, and bioethical standards of the manufacturing processes
and the functionality of advanced medical devices.

Subject and Methods: The study was a narrative review through a qualitative research methodology. The
secondary data was gathered from online databases including ProQuest, ResearchGate, CINAHL/EBSCOhost,
PubMed, and ScienceDirect, from books, journals, conference proceedings, and other web publications
between 2007 and 2017.

Results:There were safety hazards from human errors in the interpretation and the use of the advanced medical
devices. Equipment imperfections and poor processes of maintenance and procurement affected the effective
functionality of these medical devices. Healthcare expenditure was high, Social and bioethical considerations,
users’ complaints and post-market surveillance were essential in ensuring the safety of the devices and the
maintenance of quality life for the users.

Conclusion: Safety hazards and cost implications of the use of technologically advanced medical devices were
significantly high Social and bioethical standards in the manufacturing of medical devices contributed towards
the production of safer devices.

Matched MeSH terms: Reproducibility of Results

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