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The effectiveness of epilepsy educational intervention using computer game-based epilepsy educational program (Epigame) among Malaysian children with epilepsy: A prospective cohort study

Fong CY, Low P, Ng KH, Heng HS, Chong ASL, Ong LC, et al.

Epilepsy Behav, 2023 Dec;149:109536.
PMID: 38008017 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2023.109536

BACKGROUND: A computer game-based epilepsy educational programme (Epigame) can potentially improve the awareness, knowledge and attitude (AKA) and quality of life (QOL) of children with epilepsy (CWE). Our study among Malaysian CWE aimed to assess the: i) baseline level of epilepsy AKA and potential characteristics associated with poor levels of AKA, ii) effectiveness of Epigame in improving AKA and QOL of CWE.
METHOD: Prospective cohort study on CWE age 7-18 years old with no comorbidities. Epilepsy education was delivered using Epigame. CWE completed AKA questionnaire before (time point 1 [TP1]), immediately after (TP2), 3 months (TP3) after provision of Epigame. Child self-report Health-Related Quality of Life Measurement for Children with Epilepsy (CHEQOL-25) questionnaire was completed at TP1 and TP3.
RESULTS: Total of 106 CWE participated in this study (mean age of 13.3 years). Baseline (TP1) AKA was rated "very low to moderate" for awareness domain in 95.3 %, "very low to moderate" for knowledge domain in 67 %, "negative to indifferent" for attitude domain in 54.7 %, and "very poor to moderate' for total AKA score domain in 84 %. "Positive to very positive" for child attitude domain was significantly associated with parents with "positive to very positive" for attitude domain (OR 10.6, 95 % CI 3.23-34.66). "Good to excellent" for total child AKA domain was significantly associated with parents with "Good to excellent" for total AKA domain (OR 5.2, 95 % CI 1.16-15.02) and with
Fulltext In vitro characterization and in vivo toxicity, antioxidant and immunomodulatory effect of fermented foods; Xeniji™

Zulkawi N, Ng KH, Zamberi R, Yeap SK, Satharasinghe D, Jaganath IB, et al.

BMC Complement Altern Med, 2017 Jun 30;17(1):344.
PMID: 28666436 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1845-6

BACKGROUND: Xeniji, produced by fermenting various types of foods with lactic acid bacteria and yeast, has been commonly consumed as functional food. However, nutrition value, bioactivities and safety of different fermented products maybe varies.
METHODS: Organic acid and antioxidant profiles of Xeniji fermented foods were evaluated. Moreover, oral acute (5 g/kg body weight) and subchronic toxicity (0.1, 1 and 2 g/kg body weight) of Xeniji were tested on mice for 14 days and 30 days, respectively. Mortality, changes of body weight, organ weight and serum liver enzyme level were measured. Liver and spleen of mice from subchronic toxicity study were subjected to antioxidant and immunomodulation quantification.
RESULTS: Xeniji was rich in β-carotene, phytonadione, polyphenol, citric acid and essential amino acids. No mortality and significant changes of body weight and serum liver enzyme level were recorded for both oral acute and subchronic toxicity studies. Antioxidant level in the liver and immunity of Xeniji treated mice were significantly upregulated in dosage dependent manner.
CONCLUSION: Xeniji is a fermented functional food that rich in nutrients that enhanced antioxidant and immunity of mice. Xeniji that rich in β-carotene, phytonadione, polyphenol, citric acid and essential amino acids promote antioxidant and immunity in mice without causing toxic effect.
Fulltext Position Statements of the Emerging Trends Committee of the Asian Oceanian Society of Radiology on the Adoption and Implementation of Artificial Intelligence for Radiology

Wee NK, Git KA, Lee WJ, Raval G, Pattokhov A, Ho ELM, et al.

Korean J Radiol, 2024 Jul;25(7):603-612.
PMID: 38942454 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2024.0419

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly gaining recognition in the radiology domain as a greater number of radiologists are becoming AI-literate. However, the adoption and implementation of AI solutions in clinical settings have been slow, with points of contention. A group of AI users comprising mainly clinical radiologists across various Asian countries, including India, Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, and Uzbekistan, formed the working group. This study aimed to draft position statements regarding the application and clinical deployment of AI in radiology. The primary aim is to raise awareness among the general public, promote professional interest and discussion, clarify ethical considerations when implementing AI technology, and engage the radiology profession in the ever-changing clinical practice. These position statements highlight pertinent issues that need to be addressed between care providers and care recipients. More importantly, this will help legalize the use of non-human instruments in clinical deployment without compromising ethical considerations, decision-making precision, and clinical professional standards. We base our study on four main principles of medical care-respect for patient autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice.
Fulltext Response to "The Value of Non-Clinical Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Radiology Should Be Noted"

Wee NK, Git KA, Lee WJ, Raval G, Pattokhov A, Ho ELM, et al.

Korean J Radiol, 2024 Dec;25(12):1102-1103.
PMID: 39608374 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2024.1073
Medical physics aspects of cancer care in the Asia Pacific region: 2014 survey results

Kron T, Azhari HA, Voon EO, Cheung KY, Ravindran P, Soejoko D, et al.

Australas Phys Eng Sci Med, 2015 Sep;38(3):493-501.
PMID: 26346030 DOI: 10.1007/s13246-015-0373-2

It was the aim of this work to assess and track the workload, working conditions and professional recognition of radiation oncology medical physicists (ROMPs) in the Asia Pacific region over time. In this third survey since 2008, a structured questionnaire was mailed in 2014 to 22 senior medical physicists representing 23 countries. As in previous surveys the questionnaire covered seven themes: 1 education, training and professional certification, 2 staffing, 3 typical tasks, 4 professional organisations, 5 resources, 6 research and teaching, and 7 job satisfaction. The response rate of 100% is a result of performing a survey through a network, which allows easy follow-up. The replies cover 4841 ROMPs in 23 countries. Compared to 2008, the number of medical physicists in many countries has doubled. However, the number of experienced ROMPs compared to the overall workforce is still small, especially in low and middle income countries. The increase in staff is matched by a similar increase in the number of treatment units over the years. Furthermore, the number of countries using complex techniques (IMRT, IGRT) or installing high end equipment (tomotherapy, robotic linear accelerators) is increasing. Overall, ROMPs still feel generally overworked and the professional recognition, while varying widely, appears to be improving only slightly. Radiation oncology medical physics practice has not changed significantly over the last 6 years in the Asia Pacific Region even if the number of physicists and the number and complexity of treatment techniques and technologies have increased dramatically.
Fulltext Consensus survey on pre-procedural safety practices in radiological examinations: a multicenter study in seven Asian regions

Lee YH, Quek ST, Khong PL, Lee CS, Wu JS, Zhang L, et al.

Br J Radiol, 2020 Sep;93(1113):20200082.
PMID: 32584595 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20200082

OBJECTIVE: To understand the status of pre-procedural safety practices in radiological examinations at radiology residency training institutions in various Asian regions.
METHODS: A questionnaire based on the Joint Commission International Accreditation Standards was electronically sent to 3 institutions each in 10 geographical regions across 9 Asian countries. Questions addressing 45 practices were divided into 3 categories. A five-tier scale with numerical scores was used to evaluate safety practices in each institution. Responses obtained from three institutions in the United States were used to validate the execution rate of each surveyed safety practice.
RESULTS: The institutional response rate was 70.0% (7 Asian regions, 21 institutions). 44 practices (all those surveyed except for the application of wrist tags for identifying patients with fall risks) were validated using the US participants. Overall, the Asian participants reached a consensus on 89% of the safety practices. Comparatively, most Asian participants did not routinely perform three pre-procedural practices in the examination appropriateness topic.
CONCLUSION: Based on the responses from 21 participating Asian institutions, most routinely perform standard practices during radiological examinations except when it comes to examination appropriateness. This study can provide direction for safety policymakers scrutinizing and improving regional standards of care.
ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: This is the first multicenter survey study to elucidate pre-procedural safety practices in radiological examinations in seven Asian regions.
Erratum to: Brief histories of medical physics in Asia-Oceania

Round WH, Jafari S, Kron T, Azhari HA, Chhom S, Hu Y, et al.

Australas Phys Eng Sci Med, 2015 Sep;38(3):525.
PMID: 26349560 DOI: 10.1007/s13246-015-0370-5
Brief histories of medical physics in Asia-Oceania

Round WH, Jafari S, Kron T, Azhari HA, Chhom S, Hu Y, et al.

Australas Phys Eng Sci Med, 2015 Sep;38(3):381-98.
PMID: 25894289 DOI: 10.1007/s13246-015-0342-9

The history of medical physics in Asia-Oceania goes back to the late nineteenth century when X-ray imaging was introduced, although medical physicists were not appointed until much later. Medical physics developed very quickly in some countries, but in others the socio-economic situation as such prevented it being established for many years. In others, the political situation and war has impeded its development. In many countries their medical physics history has not been well recorded and there is a danger that it will be lost to future generations. In this paper, brief histories of the development of medical physics in most countries in Asia-Oceania are presented by a large number of authors to serve as a record. The histories are necessarily brief; otherwise the paper would quickly turn into a book of hundreds of pages. The emphasis in each history as recorded here varies as the focus and culture of the countries as well as the length of their histories varies considerably.
Multicenter study on the genetics of glomerular diseases among southeast and south Asians: Deciphering Diversities - Renal Asian Genetics Network (DRAGoN)

Lu L, Yap YC, Nguyen DQ, Chan YH, Ng JL, Zhang YC, et al.

Clin Genet, 2022 Jan 22.
PMID: 35064937 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14116

Multinational studies have reported monogenic etiologies in 25%-30% of children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. Such large studies are lacking in Asia. We established Deciphering Diversities: Renal Asian Genetics Network (DRAGoN) and aimed to describe the genetic and clinical spectrums in Asians. We prospectively studied a cohort of 183 probands with suspected genetic glomerulopathies from South and Southeast Asia, of whom 17% had positive family history. Using multi-gene panel sequencing, we detected pathogenic variants in 26 (14%) probands, of whom one-third had COL4A4 or COL4A5 variants (n = 9, 5%). Of those with COL4A5 defects, only 25% had features suggestive of Alport syndrome. Besides traditional predictors for genetic disease (positive family history and extrarenal malformations), we identified novel predictors, namely older age (6.2 vs. 2.4 years; p = 0.001), hematuria (OR 5.6; 95% CI 2.1-14.8; p 60% when a second risk factor (positive family history or extrarenal manifestation) co-existed. The genetic spectrum of glomerulopathies appears different in Asia. Collagen IV genes may be included in sequencing panels even when suggestive clinical features are absent.