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  1. Fulltext Stingless bee honey, a novel source of trehalulose: a biologically active disaccharide with health benefits
    Fletcher MT, Hungerford NL, Webber D, Carpinelli de Jesus M, Zhang J, Stone ISJ, et al.
    Sci Rep, 2020 07 22;10(1):12128.
    PMID: 32699353 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68940-0
    Stingless bee (Meliponini) honey has long been considered a high-value functional food, but the perceived therapeutic value has lacked attribution to specific bioactive components. Examination of honey from five different stingless bee species across Neotropical and Indo-Australian regions has enabled for the first time the identification of the unusual disaccharide trehalulose as a major component representing between 13 and 44 g per 100 g of each of these honeys. Trehalulose is an isomer of sucrose with an unusual α-(1 → 1) glucose-fructose glycosidic linkage and known acariogenic and low glycemic index properties. NMR and UPLC-MS/MS analysis unambiguously confirmed the identity of trehalulose isolated from stingless bee honeys sourced across three continents, from Tetragonula carbonaria and Tetragonula hockingsi species in Australia, from Geniotrigona thoracica and Heterotrigona itama in Malaysia and from Tetragonisca angustula in Brazil. The previously unrecognised abundance of trehalulose in stingless bee honeys is concrete evidence that supports some of the reported health attributes of this product. This is the first identification of trehalulose as a major component within a food commodity. This study allows the exploration of the expanded use of stingless bee honey in foods and identifies a bioactive marker for authentication of this honey in associated food standards.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  2. Fulltext Bioaccessibility of carotenoids and tocopherols in marine microalgae, Nannochloropsis sp. and Chaetoceros sp.
    Goh, L.P., Loh, S.P., Fatimah, M.Y., Perumal, K.
    Malays J Nutr, 2009;15(1):77-86.
    MyJurnal
    Microalgae can produce various natural products such as pigments, enzymes, unique fatty acids and vitamin that benefit humans. The objective of the study is to study the bioaccessibility of carotenoids (β-carotene and lycopene) and vitamin E (α- and β-tocopherol) of Nannochloropsis oculata and Chaetoceros calcitrans. Analyses were carried out for both the powdered forms of N. oculata and C. calcitrans, and the dried extract forms of N. oculata and C. calcitrans. In vitro digestion method together with RP-HPLC was used to determine the bioaccessibility of carotenoids and vitamin E for both forms of microalgae. Powdered form of N. oculata had the highest bioaccessibility of β-carotene (28.0 ± 0.6 g kg-1), followed by dried extract N. oculata (21.5 ± 1.1 g kg-1), dried extract C. calcitrans (16.9 ± 0.1 g kg-1), and powdered C. calcitrans (15.6 ± 0.1 g kg-1). For lycopene, dried extract of N. oculata had the highest bioaccessibility of lycopene (42.6 ± 1.1 g kg-1), followed by dried extract C. calcitrans (41.9 ± 0.6 g kg-1), powdered C. calcitrans (39.7 ± 0.1 g kg-1) and powdered N. oculata (32.6 ± 0.7 g kg-1). Dried extract C. calcitrans had the highest bioaccessibility of α-tocopherol (72.1 ± 1.2 g kg-1). However, β-tocopherol was not detected in both dried extract and powdered form of C. calcitrans. In conclusion, all samples in their dried extract forms were found to have significantly higher bioaccessibilities than their powdered forms. This may be due to the disruption of the food matrix contributing to a higher bioaccessibility of nutrients shown by the dried extract forms.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  3. Fulltext Antioxidative properties of an extract of Hygrocybe conica, a wild edible mushroom
    Khoo, H.E., Chong, E.L., Sia, C.M., Chang, S.K., Yim, H.S.
    Malays J Nutr, 2014;20(1):101-111.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Hygrocybe conica (HC), a wild mushroom commonly consumed by the indigenous people (Orang Asli) in Peninsular Malaysia, was assessed for its antioxidant content. Methods: The HC mushroom was extracted using distilled water and the crude extract partitioned using different solvents and open column chromatography to evaluate its potential antioxidant properties. The mushroom extract was partitioned using liquid-liquid extraction into the hexane (Fl), chloroform (F2), butanol (F3) and formic acid (F4) fractions. Based on solvent polarity, the water extract of the mushroom was fractionated into non-polar (FI), semi-polar (Fii), and polar fractions (Fiii) using open column chromato­ graphy. Antioxidant capacities were determined using DPPH, ABTS, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays while Folin-Ciocalteu reagent assay was used to determine total phenolic content (TPC). Results: The HC extract had the highest TPC and DPPH scavenging capacity compared to its extract fractions. TE values (ABTS assay) of F2 and F4 were not significantly higher than the HC extract. Among the extract fractions of different polarities, Fiii had the highest antioxidant capacities (DPPH and FRAP) compared to FI and Fii while FRAP values of these fractions were not significantly lower than the FRAP value of HC extract. The HC extract had significantly lower antioxidant capacity than antioxidant standards (ascorbic acid and BHA). Tannie acid as the main bioactive component in HC mushroom was detected using HPLC method. The presence of phenolics in HC extract was also confirmed using TLC. Conclusion: Due to the presence of potent phenolic components, the mycelia of HC could be consumed for potential antioxidative benefits.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  4. Catharanthus roseus Aqueous Extract is Cytotoxic to Jurkat Leukaemic T-cells but Induces the Proliferation of Normal Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
    Ahmad NH, Rahim RA, Mat I
    Trop Life Sci Res, 2010 Dec;21(2):101-13.
    PMID: 24575203
    Research on natural products has been widely used as a strategy to discover new drugs with potential for applications in complementary medicines because they have fewer side effects than conventional drugs. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro cytotoxic effects of crude aqueous Catharanthus roseus extract on Jurkat cells and normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The aqueous extract was standardised to vinblastine by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and was used to determine cytotoxicity by the MTS [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium] assay. DNA fragmentation assay was employed to determine if cell death was due to apoptosis. The results showed that the aqueous extract induced cell death of Jurkat cells at 24, 48 and 72 hours post-treatment in a time- and dose-dependent manner. However, cells treated at 48 and 72 hours produced higher cytotoxic effects with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 2.55 μg/ml and 2.38 μg/ml, respectively. In contrast, the extract induced normal PBMC proliferation, especially after 24 hours treatment with 1000 μg/ml. This result indicates that the C. roseus crude aqueous extract showed differential effects of inhibiting the proliferation of the Jurkat cell line and promoting the growth of PBMCs. These data suggest that the extract may be applicable for modulating the normal and transformed immune cells in leukaemia patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  5. Fulltext Relationship between Ganoderma Ergosterol Concentration and Basal Stem Rot Disease Progress on Elaeis guineensis
    Md Saad M, Ali NS, Meon S
    Trop Life Sci Res, 2020 Apr;31(1):19-43.
    PMID: 32963709 DOI: 10.21315/tlsr2020.31.1.2
    Basal stem rot (BSR) is a devastating disease to Malaysian oil palm. Current techniques employed for BSR disease detection on oil palm are laborious, time consuming, costly, and subjected to accuracy limitations. An ergosterol detection method was developed, whereby it correlated well with the degree of infection in oil palm. This current study was designed to study the relationship between Ganoderma biomass, ergosterol concentration, BSR disease progress and to validate the efficiency of microwave assisted extraction (MAE) method for extraction of ergosterol compound. In addition, testing on the sensitivity of thin layer chromatography (TLC) analysis for detection of ergosterol was also the aim of this study. The optimised procedure involved extracting a small amount of Ganoderma-infected oil palm root tissues suspended in low volumes of solvent followed by irradiation in a conventional microwave oven at 70°C and medium high power for 30 s, resulting in simultaneous extraction and saponification. Based on the results obtained, MAE method may be effective in extracting low to high yields of ergosterol from infected oil palm roots demonstrating disease scale 2, 3 and 4. Positive relationship was observed between ergosterol content and inoculation period starting day 3 in the inoculated oil palm seedlings and hour 6 in germinated seeds. TLC analysis demonstrated a good correlation with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) quantification. Therefore, a semi-quantitative TLC analysis may be applied for handling a large amount of samples during onset field survey.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  6. Simultaneous determination of artesunic acid and dihydroartemisinin in blood plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography for application in clinical pharmacological studies
    Navaratnam V, Mordi MN, Mansor SM
    J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl, 1997 Apr 25;692(1):157-62.
    PMID: 9187395
    A selective reproducible high-performance liquid chromatographic assay for the simultaneous quantitative determination of the antimalarial compound artesunic acid (ARS), dihydroartemisinin (DQHS) and artemisinin (QHS), as internal standard, is described. After extraction from plasma, ARS and DQHS were analysed using an Econosil C8 column and a mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.05 M acetic acid (42:58, v/v) adjusted to pH 5.0 and electrochemical detection in the reductive mode. The mean recovery of ARS and DQHS over a concentration range of 50-200 ng/ml was 75.5% and 93.5%, respectively. The within-day coefficients of variation were 4.2-7.4% for ARS and 2.6-4.9% for DQHS. The day-to-day coefficients of variation were 1.6-9.6% and 0.5-8.3%, respectively. The minimum detectable concentration for ARS and DQHS in plasma was 4.0 ng/ml for both compounds. The method was found to be suitable for use in clinical pharmacological studies.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  7. Changes in Phenolic Compounds Profiles in Tea Extracts and the Composition of these Phenolic Compounds in Yogurt
    Shori AB, Muniandy P, Baba AS
    Recent Pat Food Nutr Agric, 2021;12(1):36-44.
    PMID: 33231153 DOI: 10.2174/2212798411999201123205022
    BACKGROUND: Green, white, and black tea water extracts are rich in phenolic compounds.

    OBJECTIVE: The changes in phenolic compound profiles of green, white, and black tea (GT, WT, & BT respectively) water extracts and their respective yogurt were investigated.

    METHODS: Three types of yogurt with tea water extracts were prepared, and the phenolic compound profiles were analyzed using the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method.

    RESULTS: The present data found that flavonol glycosides such as kaempferol-3-rutinoside and quercetin-rhamnosylgalactoside or rutinoside were present in WT extract, whereas catechin derivatives such as gallocatechin (GC) and epigallocatechin (EGC) were present in GT extract. Moreover, theaflavin-3-O-gallate was observed in BT extract. Many of the catechin and its derivatives detected in the tea extracts were not identified in the tea yogurt samples. However, new phenolic compounds were present in GT-yogurt (i.e., kaempferol-3-rutinoside and quinic acid conjugate) but absent in GT extract.

    CONCLUSION: GT, WT, & BT extracts could be used to enriched-yogurt with phenolic compounds, which may have antioxidant properties.

    Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  8. Fulltext An exotic fruit with high nutritional value: Kadsura coccinea fruit
    Sun, J., Jiang, Y., Amin, I., Li, Z., Prasad, K.N., Duan, X., et al.
    International Food Research Journal, 2011;18(2):651-657.
    MyJurnal
    This research was to determine nutritional composition, essential and toxic elemental content, and major phenolic acid with antioxidant activity in Kadsura coccinea fruit. The results indicated that Kadsura coccinea fruit exhibited the high contents of total protein, total fat, ash and essential elements such as calcium (Ca), ferrum (Fe) and phosphorus (P). The levels of four common toxic elements, i.e. cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As) and lead (Pb), were lower than legal limits. By high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, gallic acid was identified as major phenolic acid in peel and pulp tissues. Its contents were no significant difference in both tissues. In comparison with two commercial antioxidants, the major phenolic acid extracted from Kadsura coccinea exhibited stronger 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical-scavenging activity and reducing power. Kadsura coccinea fruit is a good source of nutrition and natural antioxidant. It is worthwhile to popularize this exotic fruit around the world.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  9. Fulltext Screening for thalassaemia among group of students of a higher institution – our experience
    Norlelawati, A.T., Siti Hadijah, M., Siti Nor Haiza, H., Rusmawati, I., Abdul Wahab, J., Naznin, M., et al.
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2011;10(1):3-6.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Thalassaemia is an inherited blood disorder and is a significant public health alarm in Malaysia with many not knowing they are carriers of this haemoglobin disorders. Materials and methods: This study conducted a one off collection of blood samples from 72 Malays students of International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) in Kuantan. Blood samples were subjected to conventional haemoglobin analyses that include full blood count and picture, HPLC, Haemoglobin electrophoresis and H-inclusion test. All samples were also genotyped for alpha thalassaemia–1 of Southeast Asia (a-Thal1SEA). Result: There were 17(23.6%) students who were diagnosed as thalassaemia carriers. Out of this, four (5.5 %) and six (8.3 %) students were presumptive β-thalassaemia trait and Haemoglobin-E trait as determined by the HPLC assay respectively. Nine (12.5%) students were genotyped a-Thal1SEA among whom two were also β-thalassaemia carriers. All thalassaemia cases had MCH of < 27pg. Nonetheless, two out of six Haemoglobin-E trait and three out of nine a-Thal1SEA carrier had MCV value of >80fL. Two out of four (50%) presumptive β -thalassaemia trait and one out of six (17%) students of presumptive Haemoglobin-E trait had family history of thalassaemia respectively. Conclusion: The high occurrence of the three common types of thalassaemia carrier (β, Hb-E and a-Thal1SEA thalassaemia) in our small group of subjects could be due to better participation of students who had family history of thalassaemia. The study reaffirmed the importance of molecular study for detection of alpha-thalassaemia and the use of MCH value of
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  10. Determination of radical scavenging activity and Vitamin A, C and E in organically grown Red Pitaya (Hylocereus sp.)
    Mohd Adzim Khalili, R.,, Norhayati, A.H., Rokiah,M. Y., Asmah, R., Siti Muskinah, M., Abdul Manaf, A.
    International Food Research Journal, 2010;17(2):405-409.
    MyJurnal
    This study was conducted to determine radical scavenging activity and vitamin antioxidant composition in red pitaya from organic plantation. For antioxidant vitamins analysis, a reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography was used and radical scavenging activity of methanolic and water extract were determined using 1,1-diphenyl-2-pircrylhydrazyl assay. Results for radical scavenging activity, red pitaya methanolic extract achieved the highest percentage 70.13% compared with water extract (47.13%). Antioxidant vitamins composition in red pitaya showed that the concentration of vitamin A is 120.13 ± 0.69 μg/100 g freeze-dried sample, vitamin C is 540.27 ± 0.59 μg/100 g fresh samples and vitamin E is 105.67 ± 0.56 μg/100 g freeze-dried samples. This shows that red pitaya may become an alternative and potential source of natural antioxidant.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  11. Fulltext Effect of solvent extraction on antioxidant and antibacterial activities from Quercus infectoria (Manjakani)
    Nur Syukriah, A.R., Liza, M.S., Harisun, Y., Fadzillah, A.A.M.
    International Food Research Journal, 2014;21(3):1067-1073.
    MyJurnal
    Bioactive compounds from Quercus Infectoria (manjakani) were extracted with six different types of solvents: 100% methanol, ethanol, acetone, aqueous and 70% methanol and ethanol. High Performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to identify and quantify the active compounds, namely gallic acid and tannic acid. Total phenolics content were determined by Folin-Ciocalteu while antioxidant and antibacterial activity were tested using DPPH free radicals scavenging and disc diffusion assay. The result revealed that aqueous extract contained the highest concentration of bioactive compounds compared to other types of solvents which are 51.14 mg/g sample and 1332.88 mg/g sample of gallic acid and tannic acid respectively.. The highest level of phenolic compound was found in 100% acetone extract (121 mg GAE/g). The results demonstrated that aqueous extract gives the highest antioxidant activity approximately 94.55% while acetone extract gives the largest inhibition zone for disc diffusion assay which is 19.00 mm respectively. The results revealed rich sources of gallic acid and tannic acid in Q. infectoria which might provide a novel source of these natural antioxidant and antibacterial activity.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  12. Fulltext Determination of types of fat ingredient in some commercial biscuit formulations
    Yanty, N.A.M., Marikkar, J.M.N., Abdulkarim, S.M.
    International Food Research Journal, 2014;21(1):277-282.
    MyJurnal
    A study was carried out to compare the composition and thermal profiles of the fat component of six brands of commercial biscuits (BA, BB, BC, BD, BE & BF) with those of lard and palm oil. Extraction of fat from biscuit samples was done using petroleum ether according to the soxhlet extraction procedure. The isolated fat samples along with lard and palm oil were analyzed using gas liquid chromatography (GLC), reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). According to GLC analysis, palm oil, lard and all six biscuit brands had either palmitic or oleic acid as major fatty acids. Sn-2 positional analysis of fatty acids showed that oleic (> 60%) as the most dominant fatty acid of palm oil and biscuit brands BA, BB, BC, and BD while palmitic (> 60%) as the most dominant fatty acid of lard and biscuit brands BE and BF. RP-HPLC analysis showed that the triacylglycerol (TAG) profiles of lard and biscuit brands BE and BF were closely similar while those of brands BA, BB, BC, and BD and palm oil were similar. DSC analysis showed that the cooling and heating profiles of lard and brands BE and BF were similar, while those of palm oil and brands BA, BB, BC, and BD were similar. Hence, this study concluded that biscuit brands BE and BF are not suitable for consumers whose religious restriction prohibit the use of lard as food ingredient.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  13. Fulltext Amount and types of sugars in selected commercial and traditional kuih in Klang Valley, Malaysia
    Sharifah Azizah, T.N., Nik Shanita, S., Hasnah, H.
    International Food Research Journal, 2015;22(6):2642-2649.
    MyJurnal
    The aim of this study was to determine the specific content and type of sugars in selected commercial and traditional kuih in Klang Valley. The selection of the kuih was based on the validated Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) for sugar. The selected commercial kuih was doughnut coated with sugar (Big Apple) while the ten traditional kuih samples consisted of kuih bingka ubi, kuih kasui, kuih keria, kuih koci, kuih lapis, kuih lopes, kuih onde-onde, kuih sagu, kuih seri muka and kuih talam. The doughnut coated with sugar (Big Apple) was purchased from Big Apple Donuts and Coffee franchise at two different locations, while the traditional kuih were randomly bought from stalls, cafeterias and restaurants around Kuala Lumpur and Rawang. The types and amount of sugar were determined using High Performance High Chromatography (HPLC) with a refractive index (RI) detector. Results showed that doughnut coated with sugar (Big Apple) has the highest starch content (22.6±0.3 g/100g) and kuih keria contained the highest available carbohydrate (41.5±1.7 g/100g), comprising of 24.2±2.4 g/100g total sugar and 17.3±0.7 g/100g of starch. The least available carbohydrate content was found in kuih talam (20.0±0.5 g/100g), which was 50% lower than the one in kuih keria. Major individual sugars detected in all kuih samples were consisted of sucrose (60.0%), glucose (16.2%), fructose (14.0%), maltose (9.5%) and lactose (0.3%). Majority of the kuih samples (90.9%) in this study can be categorized as medium sugar while only kuih keria was categorized as high sugar. Based on the two main ingredients (sugar and flour) used in the preparation of kuih, results showed that all kuih samples can be categorized as medium sugarmedium starch. In conclusion, this study served as a guideline by locals in selecting kuih of
    different sugar levels.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  14. Fulltext Effect of different drying methods on the degradation of selected flavonoids in Centella asiatica
    Mohd Zainol, M.K., Abdul-Hamid A., Abu Bakar, F., Pak Dek, S.
    International Food Research Journal, 2009;16(4):531-537.
    MyJurnal
    The effect of different drying methods on the degradation of flavonoids in Centella asiatica was evaluated. C. asiatica leaf, root and petiole were dried using air-oven, vacuum oven and freeze drier. Flavonoid was determined utilizing reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Results of the study revealed the presence of high concentration of flavonoids in C. asiatica leaf, root and petiole, which include, naringin (4688.8 ± 69 μg/100 g, 3561.3 ± 205 μg/ 100 g, and 978.3 ± 96 μg/ 100 g), rutin (905.6 ± 123 μg/ 100 g, 756.07 ± 95 μg/ 100 g, and 557.25 ± 58 μg/ 100 g), quercetin (3501.1 ± 107 μg/ 100 g, 1086.31 ± 90 μg/ 100 g, and 947.63 ± 83 μg/ 100 g) and catechin (915.87 ± 6.01 μg/ 100 g, 400.6 ± 67 μg/ 100 g, and 250.56 ± 18 μg/ 100g). Luteolin, kaempferol and apigenin on the other hand, were inconsistently present in some parts of C. asiatica. Air-oven treatment resulted in the highest total flavonoids degradation followed by vacuum oven and freeze dried with percent degradation of 97%, 87.6% and 73%, respectively. Catechin and rutin were found to be the most stable flavonoids with percent degradation up to 35%, 66% and 76% for freeze dried, vacuum oven and air oven, respectively.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  15. Fulltext Detection of malachite green and leuco-malachite green in fishery industry
    Hidayah, N., Abu Bakar, F., Mahyudin, N.A., Faridah, S., Nur-Azura, M.S., Zaman, M.Z.
    International Food Research Journal, 2013;20(4):1511-1519.
    MyJurnal
    This article summarises the current methods for total malachite green (MG) detection which is known as a sum of MG and leuco-malachite green (LMG) that has been used extensively in aquaculture as fungicide, dye color in textile and other purposes in food industries. LMG is a reducing form of MG, where the MG is easily reduced due to the photo-oxidative de-methylation process. Nevertheless, the use of MG had become an issue due to its toxicity effects. Many analytical instruments such as HPLC, LC—MS/MS, GC—MS, and spectrometry have been widely used for detection of MG. However, these methods require long time sample preparation and analysis, expensive, use hazardous reagents and indirect measurements. Hence, other analytical methods which are more sensitive, safe, rapid, inexpensive and portable are required. Alternatively, biosensors promise a more sensitive and rapid detection method for MG and LMG.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  16. Fulltext Ascorbic acid quantification in Benincasa hispida fruit extracted using different solvents
    Fatariah, Z., Tengku Zulkhairuazha, T.Y., Wan Rosli, W.I.
    International Food Research Journal, 2015;22(1):208-212.
    MyJurnal
    Ascorbic acid or vitamin C is mostly found in natural products such as fruits and vegetables. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method has been developed and validated to compare the ascorbic acid content in Benincasa hispida (Bh) fruit extract with three different extraction solvents; i) 3% metaphosphoric acid, ii) 3% citric acid and iii) distilled water. The compound has been detected and quantified by the use of HPLC coupled with UV-Vis detector. The amount of ascorbic acid detected in Bh fruit extract prepared with different extraction solvents; 3% metaphosphoric acid, 3% citric acid and distilled water were 13.18, 7.91 and 9.42 mg/100g respectively. Total run time was 6 min and the retention time was 2.60 min. Calibration curve was linear with the concentration range 1.00 – 16.00 μg/ml. Limits of detection was 0.24 μg/ml, limit of quantification was 0.81 μg/ml and recovery was 93.52%. The result showed ascorbic acid content is higher in Bh fruit extract with 3% metaphosphoric acid, followed by extract with distilled water and 3% citric acid. Thus, Bh is another novel fruit/ vegetable potentially used as food ingredient as it contains a good source of ascorbic acid that can be good for one’s health.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  17. Fulltext Optimization and validation of a method for extraction and quantification of ochratoxin A in black pepper
    Jalili, Maryam, Jinap, S.
    International Food Research Journal, 2015;22(2):502-509.
    MyJurnal
    The extraction method for the determination of ochratoxin A (OTA) in black pepper was optimized. The influence of three variables, i.e., type of solvent, solvent-volume-to-sample- size ratio (v/w) and amount of sodium chloride (NaCl) (g), on OTA recovery was evaluated. Analysis of variance was used to compare recovery values obtained from different solvents, and response surface methodology (RSM) was used to determine the optimum amount of NaCl and the solvent-volume-to-sample-size ratio. The concentration of OTA was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. The highest recovery (95.2 %) was obtained when methanol/water (80:20, v/v) was used as the solvent. The RSM results showed that the experimental data could be adequately fitted to a second-order polynomial model with multiple regression coefficients (R2) of 0.962. The optimum amount of NaCl was determined to be 3 g, whereas the optimum solvent-volume-to-sample-size ratio (v/w) was found to be 4. The proposed method was applied to 20 samples, and the presence of OTA was found in 8 (40%) samples ranging from 0.11 to 3.16 ng g-1.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  18. Fulltext Identification of αo-thalassaemia (–SEA) using an Enzyme- Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for embryonic zeta-globin chain detection – a preliminary study
    Tan, J. A. M. A., George, E., Lim, E. J., Zakaria, Z., Hassan, R., Wee, Y. C., et al.
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2006;2(2):81-87.
    MyJurnal
    Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the UBI MAGIWELTM ζ-GLOBIN ELISA Kit for the presumptive diagnosis of αo-thalassaemia. The ELISA results obtained were confirmed by molecular characterisation of αo-thalassaemia using a Duplex-PCR. Methods: Routine peripheral blood counts and red cell indices were determined in 94 blood samples sent for Hb analysis. Hb subtypes were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and Hb electrophoresis conducted on agarose gel at pH 8.5. Zeta-globin chain levels were determined using the UBI MAGIWELTM ζ-GLOBIN ELISA Kit. Molecular analysis was performed using a duplex-PCR which simultaneously amplifies
    a normal 136 bp sequence between the ψα−α2-globin genes and a 730 bp Southeast Asian deletion-specific sequence (–SEA) between the ψα2−θ1-globin genes. Results: Using the ELISA assay kit, 20 blood samples were presumptively identified as α-thalassaemia carriers from elevated ζ-globin chains (OD>0.3) while the remaining 74 blood samples showed OD
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  19. Fulltext Thalassaemia screening among healthy blood donors in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Rahimah, Klang
    Irmi Elfina, R., Ezalia, E., Elizabeth, G., Wan Hayati, M.Y, Norhanim, A., Wahidah, A., et al.
    Medicine & Health, 2014;9(1):44-52.
    MyJurnal
    Thalassaemia screening programme has been conducted in Malaysia since 2004. The aim of the programme was to reduce the burden of the disease by identifying thalassaemia carriers. However, the response towards the screening activities was unsatisfactory as there was lack of public awareness against the importance of thalassaemia screening. An alternative approach is to screen blood donors. The purpose of this study was to observe the prevalence of thalassaemia carriers among healthy blood donors. Seven hundred and thirty eight healthy blood donors were screened in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Rahimah, Klang from July to September 2010 using cation-exchange high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Cases with haemoglobin variants were further analyzed by gel electrophoresis at alkaline pH. Result shows that the blood donors consisted of 413 Malays (56%), 162 Indians (22%), 148 Chinese (20%) and 15 others (2%). There were 19 (2.6%) individuals with haemoglobin E trait, six (0.8%) with co-inheritance of haemoglobin E and αα- thalassaemia and five (0.7%) with β-thalassaemia trait. Haemoglobin Constant Spring and haemoglobin A2 prime were observed in two (0.3%); and Haemoglobin Lepore and alpha chain variant in one (0.2%). αα-thalassaemia and normal haemoglobin A2 β-thalassaemia could not be excluded in 190 cases (26%), as they required deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) studies for identification. Thalassaemia screening in blood donors is more feasible and effective. Therefore, a wider scale population screening including blood donors could benefit the existing thalassaemia screening programme in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  20. Characterization of edible bird's nest of different production, species and geographical origins using nutritional composition, physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities
    Quek MC, Chin NL, Yusof YA, Law CL, Tan SW
    Food Res Int, 2018 07;109:35-43.
    PMID: 29803459 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.03.078
    Edible bird's nest (EBN) is a precious food made from the solidified saliva of swiftlets. EBN from three types of origin, namely production, swiftlet species and geographical were characterised based on its nutritional composition, physicochemical properties and antioxidant properties. Proximate composition, total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activities were determined following official methods, while mineral and heavy metal contents were obtained by respective atomic adsorption spectrometry (AAS) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Amino acids profile and sialic acid were determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Calcium and sodium were the major elements in EBN samples at averages of 17,267 mg/kg and 13,681 mg/kg, respectively. Despite protein contents were not significantly different; interestingly the total amino acids in A. fuciphagus EBN, 64.57 g/100 g was found to be 23% higher than in A. maximus EBN. EBN from house, A. fuciphagus and Peninsular Malaysia had greater antioxidant activities, 2.33-3.49 mg AAE/g and higher sialic acid, 13.57 g/100 g while those from cave, A. maximus and East Malaysia contained more minerals like calcium and magnesium. The 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of house, A. fuciphagus and Peninsular Malaysia EBNs were approximately 2 times greater than the others. All samples were complied with the Malaysian Standard MS 2334:2011, except for mercury and nitrite. The overall findings suggest that the quality of EBN was varied following the production, species and geographical origins.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
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