MyMedR

Serology of hepatitis B

How VJL

Family Practitioner, 1987;10:21-24.

Matched MeSH terms: Hepatitis; Hepatitis B

Hepatatis C: an update in management

Lachmanan SR

Family Physician, 2001;11:32-33.

Matched MeSH terms: Hepatitis; Hepatitis B

Hepatitis B - clinical features and prospects for elimination

Oon CJ

Family Practitioner, 1986;9(1):15-18.

Matched MeSH terms: Hepatitis; Hepatitis B

Fulltext Kajian sero-prevalens penyakit hepatitis A di Mukim Hulu Langat, Selangor

Meftahuddin, T., Nik Rubiah, N.A.R., Salmiah, M.S., Salbiah, N., Venugopalans, B., Anisah, A.B., et al.

Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2005;5(1):38-43.

MyJurnal

Kajian sero»prevalens dijalankan untuk menentukan prevalens kes Hepatitis A dan ciri-ciri demografinya di Kampung Pangsoon, Kampung Padang dan Kampung Lubuk Kelubi, di Mukim Hulu Langat, pada 15 dan 16 Mac 2003. Sebanyak 1643 sampel telah diperiksa dan didapati 995 kes (60.6%) telah terdeclah tehadap jangkitan Hepatitis A iaitu sebanyak 327 kes di Kampung Pangsoon, 400 kes, Kampung Padang dan 268 kes di Kampung Lubuk Kelubi. Majoriti kes adalah perempuan 545 kes (54 .7%), etnik Melayu 752 kes (75 .6%) , berusia kurang daripada 40 tahun (65%) dengan min umurnya 25 .4 tahun ( SP 1 9) dan tahap pendidikan di peringkat sekolah rendah. Kes di kalangan Orang Asli pula sebanyak 231 kes (23 .2%) . Lebih kurartg 40.3% kes telah bekerja, dengan pendapatan kurang daripada RM1000 sebulan. Majoriti kes mempunyai tandas sempurna 92Z( 95.4% ), sistem air limbah 846( 91 .2%), bekalan air seharrtat 930(96.4%) dan sistem lubang sampah 426( 44.6%) . Terdapat perbezaan yang bererti (p

Matched MeSH terms: Hepatitis A

A case of hepatitis cured by ipecacuanha

King HH

Malaya Medical Journal, 1912;10:26-8.

Matched MeSH terms: Hepatitis

Hepatitis C and hepatitis E vaccines: research update

Locarnini S

Med J Malaysia, 2005 Jul;60 Suppl B:116-24.

PMID: 16108191

Matched MeSH terms: Hepatitis C/immunology; Hepatitis C/prevention & control*; Viral Hepatitis Vaccines*; Hepatitis E/immunology; Hepatitis E/prevention & control*

Fulltext Viral hepatitis

Yasmin AM

Med J Malaysia, 1997 Jun;52(2):188-92; quiz 193.

PMID: 10968083

Matched MeSH terms: Hepatitis D/complications; Hepatitis A/complications; Hepatitis A/prevention & control; Hepatitis B/complications; Hepatitis B/drug therapy; Hepatitis B/prevention & control; Hepatitis, Viral, Human/complications*; Hepatitis, Viral, Human/diagnosis; Hepatitis, Viral, Human/drug therapy; Hepatitis C/complications; Hepatitis C/drug therapy

Hepatitis B: management of chronic hepatitis B

Lachmanan SR

Family Physician, 2001;11:30-31.

Matched MeSH terms: Hepatitis; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B, Chronic

Fulltext Anti-hepatitis A seroprevalence among chronic viral hepatitis patients in Kelantan, Malaysia

Ahmad F, Hamzah NA, Mustaffa N, Gan SH

World J Gastroenterol, 2011 Sep 28;17(36):4130-4.

PMID: 22039329 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i36.4130

To determine the seroprevalence of anti-hepatitis A virus (HAV) antibodies in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) and to justify the need for hepatitis A vaccination.

Matched MeSH terms: Hepatitis A/blood*; Hepatitis A/immunology*; Hepatitis A/epidemiology; Hepatitis A/prevention & control; Hepatitis, Chronic/blood*; Hepatitis, Chronic/immunology*; Hepatitis, Chronic/epidemiology; Hepatitis, Chronic/prevention & control; Hepatitis A Vaccines; Hepatitis A Antibodies/blood*; Hepatitis A Antibodies/immunology

Immunogenicity of hepatitis B vaccine in healthy Malaysian adults

Ton SH, Noriah R, Duraisamy G

Indian J Med Res, 1988 Jun;87:542-4.

PMID: 3240935

Matched MeSH terms: Hepatitis Antibodies/biosynthesis*; Hepatitis B/immunology*; Viral Hepatitis Vaccines/immunology*

Meta-analysis and moderator analysis of the seroprevalence of hepatitis E in South-Eastern Asia

Raji YE, Toung OP, Taib NM, Sekawi ZB

Sci Rep, 2023 Jul 23;13(1):11880.

PMID: 37482578 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37941-0

By 2030, the World Health Organization wants to decrease viral hepatitis incidence and mortality by 90% and 65%, respectively. One of the agents responsible for the increased burden of viral hepatitis is the hepatitis E virus (HEV). This emerging pathogen is prevalent worldwide causing both acute and chronic infection. The rising risk profile of HEV has become a source of increased global public health concern. Despite this challenge, South-Eastern Asia (SEA), where many at-risk people are found, lacks uniform HEV prevalence data. Therefore, a meta-analysis was conducted to assess the overall prevalence of hepatitis E in SEA. Using R statistical software, a random effect model was used to estimate the logit-transformed prevalence. Moderator analyses were used to investigate the potential sources of variation. Thirty-two studies comprising 29,944 with 6806 anti-HEV antibody-positive individuals were evaluated. The overall HEV seroprevalence in SEA was 21% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 17-27) with high heterogeneity. At the country level, Laos has the highest prevalence estimate of 39% (CI: 16-69). Also, the studied population, year of publication, duration of sampling, and diagnostic method are significant HEV prevalence predictors accounting for 22.61% of the observed heterogeneity. The high HEV prevalence found in this study necessitates coordinated national and regional efforts to combat this emerging disease.

Matched MeSH terms: Hepatitis Antibodies; Hepatitis E virus*

Hepatitis B: review of development from the discovery of the "Australia Antigen" to end of the twentieth Century

Yap SF

Malays J Pathol, 2004 Jun;26(1):1-12.

PMID: 16190102

"Parenteral" or "serum" hepatitis is known to have afflicted man for centuries. However, it was not until the mid-1960s that the causative agent of this infection, the hepatitis B virus, was discovered. Since then, the biology and the replication strategy of the virus, and the clinical features and the epidemiology of the hepatitis B infection have been determined. Knowledge about the virus and the infection it causes led to the development of firstly, a plasma-derived vaccine and later a recombinant vaccine for the prevention of the infection. Integration of the hepatitis B vaccine into newborn vaccination programmes on a worldwide basis represents a major step in the effort to eliminate this infectious disease and its complications. Laboratory tests are available for the diagnosis and monitoring of the disease. Therapies have been developed to halt the progress of the chronic infection in affected individuals. While these developments have resulted in a decrease of the frequency of infection in many countries, particularly those that have implemented universal immunization of newborns, the chronic infection remains a significant global problem. Worldwide, over 300 million individuals are infected and each year, an estimated 1 million persons die from chronic complications of the disease including hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatic failure. The therapies currently available result in elimination of the virus in only a relatively small proportion of subjects and carry with it serious side effects. Geopolitical, economic and other factors hinder the vision of elimination of the infection through immunization programmes. Nevertheless, work continues to clarify further the underlying pathological mechanism of the infection, the host and viral factors that promote elimination or persistence of the virus in the human host. It is hoped that such investigations will reveal viral targets for the design of newer and potentially more effective drugs to treat the infection.

Matched MeSH terms: Hepatitis B/diagnosis; Hepatitis B/etiology; Hepatitis B/history*; Hepatitis B/immunology; Hepatitis B/epidemiology; Hepatitis B/prevention & control; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/immunology*; Hepatitis B virus/genetics; Hepatitis B virus/immunology; Hepatitis B virus/ultrastructure; Hepatitis B Vaccines/immunology; Hepatitis B Vaccines/therapeutic use

Test your knowledge on Hepatitis B laboratory investigations

Kwa SK

Family Physician, 2000;11:18.

Matched MeSH terms: Hepatitis B

Fulltext Seroprevalence and incidence of hepatitis A in Southeast Asia: A systematic review

Hernandez-Suarez G, Saha D, Lodroño K, Boonmahittisut P, Taniwijaya S, Saha A, et al.

PLoS One, 2021;16(12):e0258659.

PMID: 34851983 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258659

BACKGROUND: A previous review on hepatitis A virus (HAV) seroprevalence in 2005 categorized Southeast Asia as a low HAV endemicity region. In 2010, the World Health Organization modified this from low to low/medium endemicity, pointing out that these estimates were based on limited evidence. Since then, there has been no attempt to review HAV epidemiology from this region. We conducted a systematic review of literature to collect information on HAV incidence and seroprevalence in select countries in the Southeast Asian region, specifically, The Association of Southeast Asian Nations over the last 20 years.

METHODOLOGY: This systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines. From the relevant articles, we extracted data and conducted a risk of bias assessment of individual studies.

RESULTS: The search yielded 22 and 13 publications on HAV seroprevalence and incidence, respectively. Overall, our findings point to a very low HAV endemicity profile in Thailand and Singapore and evidence of a shift towards low HAV endemicity in Indonesia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Vietnam. Only Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia, and the Philippines have existing HAV disease surveillance and reported incidence rates below 1 per 100,000. Several outbreaks with varying magnitude documented in the region provide insights into the evolving epidemiology of HAV in the region. Risk of bias assessment of studies revealed that the individual studies were of low to medium risk.

CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The available HAV endemicity profiles in Southeast Asian countries, aside from Thailand, are limited and outdated, but suggest an endemicity shift in the region that is not fully documented yet. These findings highlight the need to update information on HAV epidemiology through strengthening of disease surveillance mechanisms to confirm the shift in HAV endemicity in the region.

Matched MeSH terms: Hepatitis A/epidemiology*; Hepatitis A virus*

HBeAG and anti-HBe in the Malaysian population and in Malaysian prisoners

Ton SH, Lopez CG, Noriah R

Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 1983 Jun;14(2):252-4.

PMID: 6635764

The incidence of HBsAg in random blood donors was found to be twice that of the prisoner population. The anti-HBe however, was about twice that in the prisoners when compared with the random blood donors. Both the random blood donors and the prisoners had similar incidence of HBeAg. The percentage frequency of HBsAg positivity with anti-HBe positivity was also similar in both groups. The 18 normal non-blood donors did not have HBsAg, HBeAg or anti-HBe.

Matched MeSH terms: Hepatitis B Antibodies/analysis*; Hepatitis B Antigens/analysis*; Hepatitis B e Antigens/analysis*; Hepatitis B e Antigens/immunology; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/analysis

Delta hepatitis in Malaysia

Sinniah M, Dimitrakakis M, Tan DS

Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 1986 Jun;17(2):229-33.

PMID: 3787309

Sera from one hundred and fifty nine Malaysian individuals were screened for the prevalence of delta markers. These included 15 HBsAg positive homosexuals, 16 acute hepatitis B cases, 9 chronic hepatitis B patients, 13 healthy HBsAg carriers and 106 intravenous (i.v.) drug abusers, of whom 27 were positive for HBsAg only and the rest were anti-HBc IgG positive but HBsAg negative. The prevalence of delta markers in the homosexuals was found to be 6.7%, in the HBsAg positive drug abusers 17.8%, in acute hepatitis B cases 12.5%. No evidence of delta infection was detected in healthy HBsAg carriers, chronic hepatitis B cases and HBsAg negative i.v. drug abusers. With reference to i.v. drug abusers, the prevalence of delta markers was higher in Malays (23%) than in Chinese (7%) although the latter had a higher HBsAg carrier rate. Although the HBsAg carrier rate in the homosexuals was high, their delta prevalence rate was low as compared to drug abusers. In Malaysia, as in other non-endemic regions, hepatitis delta virus transmission appeared to occur mainly via the parenteral and sexual routes. This is the first time in Malaysia that a reservoir of delta infection has been demonstrated in certain groups of the population at high risk for hepatitis B.

Matched MeSH terms: Hepatitis Delta Virus/immunology; Hepatitis D/epidemiology*; Hepatitis Antibodies/analysis; Hepatitis B/complications*; Hepatitis B Antibodies/analysis; Hepatitis B Antigens/analysis; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/analysis; Hepatitis delta Antigens

Preimmunisation hepatitis B screening in Singapore--a viewpoint from private sector clinics

Mah GK, Yeo A

Ann Acad Med Singap, 1990 May;19(3):339-43.

PMID: 2144101

Blood samples from 1,600 persons who sought immunisation against hepatitis B in private clinics in Singapore in 1988-1989 were screened for two viral markers. Of that total, 4.81% were positive for HBsAg and 17.31% had anti-HBs levels greater than 10 mIU/ml, indicating that about 22.12% of the general population would not benefit from immunisation. Preimmunisation screening will identify persons not requiring the hepatitis B vaccine and thus, avoid wastage. When immunisation has already been performed without screening, recall for post-immunisation screening should be considered in order to detect the infectious hepatitis B carriers. Data in this study indicates that at this point in time, it is important to immunise adolescents and adults, in addition to neonates and children.

Matched MeSH terms: Hepatitis B/diagnosis*; Hepatitis B/ethnology; Hepatitis B/immunology; Hepatitis B/prevention & control; Hepatitis B Antibodies/analysis; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/analysis; Viral Hepatitis Vaccines; Hepatitis B Vaccines

Assessment of infectiousness of male Malaysian blood donors

So-Har T, Gladys LC, Ramli N

Vox Sang, 1983;45(5):389-91.

PMID: 6636661

HBeAg and anti-HBe were determined in the blood of 189 male blood donors. The incidence of HBsAg was 6.9% while that for HBeAg and anti-HBe was 1.6 and 18%, respectively. Of the 13 samples positive for HBsAg, two (15.4%) were positive for HBe while six (46.2%) were positive for anti-HBe. One specimen was negative for HBsAg but was positive for HBeAg and anti-HBe. The observations are discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Hepatitis B/transmission*; Hepatitis B Antibodies/analysis; Hepatitis B e Antigens/analysis; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/analysis

Hepatitis disease management programs in Malaysia

Khairullah NS, Merican DI

J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 2004 Mar;19 Suppl:S13-6.

PMID: 15156929

The MLF since its inception in 1996 has endeavored to develop a coordinated approach towards the improved care and treatment of liver diseases in Malaysia. Its close liaison with the Malaysian MOH, local medical associations, and corporate bodies has contributed to the success of its many programs. Educating the public, research, and training have been important elements of successful hepatitis disease control programs. Hepatitis Days have been proven to be very successful in raising the awareness of the general public to hepatitis disease. Rapid screening and vaccination has also helped to remove the social stigma associated with the disease, eliminated the need for numerous clinic appointments, and rendered vaccination more accessible to the public. The MLF perspective emphasizes the need for collaborative effort between Government bodies and other agencies, such as non-governmental organizations, laboratories, and the medical fraternity, to ensure the overall success of hepatitis disease management programs.

Matched MeSH terms: Hepatitis A/diagnosis; Hepatitis A/epidemiology*; Hepatitis A/prevention & control*; Hepatitis B/diagnosis; Hepatitis B/epidemiology*; Hepatitis B/prevention & control*

A hepatitis B serological survey in Sibu, Sarawak January - July 1990

Hu CH, Ting R, Wong L

Family Physician, 1991;3:70-73.

Matched MeSH terms: Hepatitis; Hepatitis B

Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 517 in total