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Prevalence and resistance to antibiotics for Aeromonas species from retail fish in Malaysia

Radu S, Ahmad N, Ling FH, Reezal A

Int J Food Microbiol, 2003 Mar 25;81(3):261-6.
PMID: 12485753

A total of 87 market fish samples representing five types of fish were evaluated for the presence of Aeromonas spp. Of the samples examined, 69%, 55%, 11.5% and 2.3% harbored Aeromonas spp., A. veronii biovar sobria, A. hydrophila and A. caviae, respectively. The 60 isolated Aeromonas spp. strains were further examined for hemolytic activity, resistance to antimicrobial agents and presence of plasmids. Hemolytic activity varied widely among the isolated strains. Though all the isolates demonstrated resistance to three or more of the antibiotics tested, all were susceptible to ceptazidime. Thirty-four (56.7%) of the sixty isolates harbored plasmids, with sizes ranging from 2.3 to 15.7 kb. These results indicate that hemolytic, multiple antibiotic resistant and genetically diverse aeromonads are easily recovered from fish in this region.

Matched MeSH terms: Aeromonas/drug effects*
Aeromonas aquariorum clinical isolates: antimicrobial profiles, plasmids and genetic determinants

Puah SM, Puthucheary SD, Liew FY, Chua KH

Int J Antimicrob Agents, 2013 Mar;41(3):281-4.
PMID: 23312608 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2012.11.012

The objective of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial resistance patterns of 47 clinical isolates of Aeromonas aquariorum and to identify the presence of plasmids and the relevant antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Antibiotic susceptibilities were determined by the standard disc diffusion method. The presence of plasmids and ARGs was detected by gel electrophoresis and monoplex PCR. Resistance to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (98%), amoxicillin (91%), gentamicin (13%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (11%) and kanamycin (6%) was observed, whilst no ciprofloxacin- or amikacin-resistant strains were detected. All isolates harboured plasmids with sizes ranging from ca. 2 kb to 10 kb. PCR revealed that A. aquariorum carried three β-lactam resistance genes (bla(TEM), bla(MOX) and bla(PSE)) and two sulphonamide resistance genes (sul1 and sul2). This study provides further understanding of the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of multiresistant A. aquariorum clinical isolates.

Matched MeSH terms: Aeromonas/drug effects*
Population dynamics, antibiotics resistance and biofilm formation of Aeromonas and Vibrio species isolated from aquatic sources in Northern Malaysia

Odeyemi OA, Ahmad A

Microb Pathog, 2017 Feb;103:178-185.
PMID: 28062284 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.01.007

This study aimed to compare population dynamics, antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation of Aeromonas and Vibrio species from seawater and sediment collected from Northern Malaysia. Isolates with different colony morphology were characterized using both biochemical and molecular methods before testing for antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation. Results obtained from this study showed that in Kedah, the population of Aeromonas isolated from sediment was highest in Pantai Merdeka (8.22 log CFU/ml), Pulau Bunting recorded the highest population of Aeromonas from sediment (8.43 log CFU/g). It was observed that Vibrio species isolated from seawater and sediment were highest in Kuala Sanglang (9.21 log CFU/ml). In Kuala Perlis, the population of Aeromonas isolated from seawater was highest in Jeti (7.94 log CFU/ml). Highest population of Aeromonas from sediment was recorded in Kampong Tanah Baru (7.99 log CFU/g). It was observed that Vibrio species isolated from seawater was highest in Padang Benta (8.42 log CFU/g) while Jeti Kuala Perlis had highest population of Vibrio isolated from sediment. It was observed that location does not influence population of Aeromonas. The results of the independent t - test revealed that there was no significant relationship between location and population of Vibrio (df = 10, t = 1.144, p > 0.05). The occurrence of biofilm formation and prevalence of antibiotic resistant Aeromonas and Vibrio species in seawater and sediment pose danger to human and aquatic animals' health.

Matched MeSH terms: Aeromonas/drug effects*
Comparison of Clinical Isolates of Aeromonas from Singapore and Malaysia with Regard to Molecular Identification, Virulence, and Antimicrobial Profiles

Khor WC, Puah SM, Koh TH, Tan JAMA, Puthucheary SD, Chua KH

Microb Drug Resist, 2018 May;24(4):469-478.
PMID: 29461928 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2017.0083

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine the species distribution, genetic relatedness, virulence gene profiles, antimicrobial sensitivities, and resistance gene distribution of clinical Aeromonas strains from Singapore and Malaysia.
METHODS: A total of 210 Aeromonas clinical isolates were investigated: 116 from Singapore General Hospital and 94 archived clinical isolates from University of Malaya Medical Center, Malaysia. The isolates were genetically identified based on the gcat gene screening and the partial sequences of the rpoD housekeeping gene. Genetic relatedness, distribution of 15 virulence genes and 4 beta-lactamase resistance genes, and susceptibility patterns to 11 antimicrobial agents were compared.
RESULTS: Of the 210 Aeromonas isolates, A. dhakensis-94 (45%) was the dominant species in Singapore and Malaysia. Species composition was similar and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-PCR did not show genetic relatedness between strains from the two countries. Of the 15 virulence genes, A. dhakensis and A. hydrophila harbored the most compared with other species. Different combinations of 9 virulence genes (exu, fla, lip, eno, alt, dam, hlyA, aexU, and ascV) were present in A. dhakensis, A. hydrophila, and A. veronii from both the countries. Distribution of virulence genes was species and anatomic site related. Majority (>80%) of the strains were susceptible to all antimicrobial agents tested, except amoxicillin and cephalothin. A. dhakensis strains from Malaysia significantly harbored the cphA gene compared with A. dhakensis from Singapore. Multidrug resistance was mostly detected in strains from peritoneal fluids of dialysis patients.
CONCLUSION: This study revealed A. dhakensis as the dominant species isolated in both geographic regions, and that it carried a high number of virulence genes. It also highlights the geographic-related differences of virulence gene distribution and antimicrobial resistance profiles of clinical Aeromonas strains from Singapore and Malaysia.

Matched MeSH terms: Aeromonas/drug effects*