Introduction: Although the benefit of low protein diet (LPD) on chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression is well documented, patients’ adherence remains as the main challenge. Therefore, this study sought to identify adherence towards LPD among CKD patients and determine possible associating factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done at the Hospital Pakar Sultanah Fatimah in Muar, Johor, among stage III to V CKD patients. Three-day dietary recalls were used to quantify dietary energy (DEI) and protein intake (DPI). Factors investigated include socio-demo- graphic characteristics, medical history, anthropometry and body composition measurements, dietary knowledge, appetite level, handgrip strength, perceived stress, and health locus of control. Associating variables were analysed with logistic regression analysis. Results: The final analysis included 113 patients (54% male) with a mean estimated glomerular filtration rate of 17.5±11.2mL/min/1.73m2 and the average age of 56.3±12.8 years. Mean DEI and DPI were 22.4±5.9kcal/kg/day and 0.83±0.28g/kg/day, respectively. Only 34.5% of patients adhere to the LPD diet with 59% exceeding the DPI recommendation. Poorer LPD adherence was associated with longer duration of hospitaliza- tion (OR 0.707, 95%CI 0.50-1.00, p=0.048), higher energy intake (OR 0.744, 95%CI 0.65-0.85, p
Introduction: The aging population is a matter of global concern. Age-related
physiological, pathological, psychosocial, economic, cultural and environmental
changes are common and may greatly influence the quality of life of the elderly.
The aim of this review was to explore the determinants and motivations that drive
the elderly in making food choices. Methods: The search strategy of this literature
review used the PRISMA protocol. Potential literature that was related to food
choices was identified using two different combinations of keywords and two major
electronic search engines, namely Pubmed and Science Direct. The articles that
were selected for this review had to be in the English language, open-accessed and
published between January 2007 and December 2017. Results: From a search of
1398 articles, 15 articles (seven quantitative and eight qualitative) were identified
that were related to food choices among the elderly. The key factor that determined
food choices among the elderly population was identified to be health. Others
included convenience, sensory appeal, price, early food experience and more. The
limitations of these studies that were reported were the small sample size and the
reliance on self-reporting. The conclusions that were drawn were for specific groups
that were studied in this review should be extrapolated or generalised with caution.
Conclusion: Strategies for intervention programmes should be undertaken in
collaboration with health professionals, researchers, policymakers, and the food
industry. Future research is needed in the elderly who have chronic diseases, are
dependent or who have disabilities.
Introduction: A compromised quality of life (QOL) as a result of haemodialysis
(HD) is a rising global issue. Elderly HD patients face more challenges than
younger counterparts. This study determined the association of socio-demographic
characteristics, nutritional status, risk of malnutrition and depression with QOL,
among elderly HD patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted
among 112 HD elderly patients in selected dialysis centres in Selangor, Malaysia.
The patients completed interview-based questionnaires on socio-demographic
characteristics, risk of malnutrition (Dialysis Malnutrition Score, DMS), depression
(Patient Health Questionaire-9, PHQ-9) and QOL (KDQOL-36). Anthropometric
measurements, 24-hour dietary recall and food intake information were obtained
from them and biochemical data from their medical records. Results: Just over half
(50.9%) of the patients had a normal body mass index while 85.7% had optimal
albumin levels. The proportion of patients who met the recommended energy and
protein intakes were 19.0% and 3.4%, respectively. Patients were at moderate risk
of malnutrition, had minimal depression level and perceived better QOL in terms of
effects and symptoms of kidney disease. There was a significant positive correlation
between protein intake and the physical domain of QOL (p=0.02) and negative
correlation between risk of malnutrition with physical and mental composites of
QOL (p
Introduction: Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is one of the main indicators of health and wellbeing among dialysis patients which has attracted mounting interest in recent years in the initiation of intervention measures. Thus, this study aimed to determine the correlations between socio-demographic factors and medical characteristics with HRQOL among elderly on maintenance hemodialysis (HD). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in nine HD centers in Selangor. Socio-demographic data and HRQOL were assessed using structured questionnaire and Kidney Disease Quality of Life Instrument (KDQOL-36), respectively whilst medical profile and laboratory data were collected from subjects’ medical record. Results: The mean age of subjects was 67±6 years where majority (57%) of the subjects was on maintenance HD for less than 5 years. The mean physical component summary and mental com- ponent summary scores were 33.89±11.83 and 50.23±8.88, respectively. Symptoms/problems subscale, effects of kidney disease on daily life subscale and burden of kidney disease subscale scores were 73.37±17.01, 72.63±19.74 and 54.62±30.42, respectively. There was a significant correlation between serum sodium with physical component summary (r=0.237, p
Introduction: This is open label randomised control trial, aimed to identify whether an early (commenced at the time of diagnosis) and intensive nutrition intervention (INI) (individualised dietary counselling, oral nutritional sup- plements [ONS], telephone, and home visit) can improve weight and dietary intake of gynaecological cancer (GC) patients preoperatively. Methods: Selected GC patients planned for surgery were randomly grouped into control group (CG) (n = 35) and intervention group (IG) (n = 34). Malnutrition screening tool (MST) was used as a screening tool, while Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) was used as a nutrition assessment tool. IG received an intensive individualised dietary counselling with the supply of ONS at baseline (Day 1). This continued with telephone and home visit follow-up by research dietitian (Day 3 and Day 6). Meanwhile, CG only received general nutritional counselling without supply of ONS. Final assessment was conducted on Day 14. The primary outcomes included weight changes measured using TANITA and dietary intake assessment using 24-hour diet recall. Results: Mean duration of INI was 14 days. At the end of the treatment period, there was a significant weight change between groups (p < 0.001), with 0.14% weight gain in IG and 1.3% weight reduction in CG. Mean energy and protein intake of IG were higher compared to CG by +329 kcal/day and +12.2 g/day, respectively. Conclusion: This study showed that INI that incorporated individualised dietary counselling, ONS, telephone counselling, and home visit can increase energy and protein intake of GC patients, resulting in weight gain.