The development of Transparent Solar Cells (TSC) has become the main focus of solar energy research in recent years. The TSC has a number of applications and make use of unexploited space such as skyscraper windows. In this paper, TSC is fabricated using commercially available titanium dioxide (TiO2) P25 to make a paste, which is deposited on FTO glass using screen printing and spin coating methods. The effects of the thickness of the TiO2 film on transparency are examined. The paste is synthesised in the Cleanroom and used in both methods of deposition. The final cell fabrication is a Dye sensitised solar cell (DSSC). The obtained transparency of the FTO glass is 83%, and after the deposition of TiO2 it is reduced to less than 80%. The overall transparency of the DSSC, which was made using the spin coating method, is 70% with an Isc of 9.5 mA and Voc 853mV.
In this paper, we proposed a new readout circuit in order to improve measurement output while reading the grouped resistive value in matrix array form. The purpose of having this circuit is to overcome the main problem in applying piezoresistive pressure sensor array for foot plantar application. This new approach is called Nodal Array Approach (NAA), a modified version of Wheatstone Bridge Circuit based on nodal analysis technique using Kirchcoff Current Law. The NAA calculates the sensors’ resistance values by solving simultaneous equations from reading voltages of the proposed readout circuit. Therefore, it is found that the readout circuit connection is of low complexity as it only uses resistive element as the major component of reading technique with only four iterations involved for each voltage nodes. Through simulation results, it shows that NAA is able to achieve high accuracy in obtaining a sensor’s resistance value by adhering to several limitations in order to avoid miscalculation (< 5% average calculation error).
This paper presents an auto grasping algorithm of a proposed robotic gripper. The purpose is to enhance the grasping mechanism of the gripper. Earlier studies have introduced various methods to enhance the grasping mechanism, but most of the works have not looked at the weight measurement method. Thus, with this algorithm, the weight of the object is calculated based on modified Wheatstone Bridge Circuit (WBC) which is controlled by programmable interface controller (PIC) method. Having this approach introduces and improves the grasping mechanism through an auto grasping algorithm. Experimental results show that an auto grasping algorithm based on pressure sensor measurements leads to a more precise grasping measurement and consequently enhance the sensitivity measurement as well as accurate movement calibration. Furthermore, several different grasping objects based on the proposed method are examined to demonstrate the performance and robustness of our approach.