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  1. Psychological effects on self-medication during the pandemic COVID-19 in WP Labuan: A development of questionnaire and pilot-testing
    Tan ML, Rahman S, Robinson F, Sani MHM
    Pharm Pract (Granada), 2023;21(1):2779.
    PMID: 37090453 DOI: 10.18549/PharmPract.2023.1.2779
    INTRODUCTION: Self-Medication, which is a practice to self-treat using medicine without consulting a medical practitioner or a doctor, is a common practice and the Pandemic Covid-19 may have caused people to resort to self-medication in order to reduce the infectivity of the Covid-19.

    OBJECTIVE: To validate and develop an instrument in Bahasa Melayu to assess the psychological distress and self-medication during pandemic Covid-19 in WP Labuan.

    METHODS: A pilot study was conducted among 160 participants in WP Labuan. Reliability testing on internal consistency and content validity was performed on the adapted Covid-19 Peritraumatic Distress Index (CPDI) as well as domain on knowledge, practice and attitude of self-medication.

    RESULT: A panel of seven experts evaluated the research instrument for content validity and it was found to have good content item validity. The CPDI domain showed good internal consistency of Cronbach's Alpha of 0.919. The mean (SD) CPDI score of the respondents in WP Labuan was 32.55 (15.98). 64.2% of the respondents experienced psychological distress. The variable for Area (town/countryside) was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05) to be associated with self-medication during the pandemic.

    CONCLUSION: The instrument established sound reliability and validity and therefore, can be an effective tool for assessing psychological distress and self-medication in the Malaysian population.

  2. Pharmacological properties of Hoya (Apocynaceae): a systematic review
    Rumaling MK, Fong SY, Rao PV, Gisil J, Sani MHM, Wan Saudi WS
    Nat Prod Res, 2024 Feb 23.
    PMID: 38389506 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2319655
    In tropical forests, Hoya, a plant with significant indigenous medicinal applications, has been underexplored in pharmacological studies. This systematic review meticulously investigates the diverse pharmacological effects exhibited by various Hoya species on human health. A comprehensive literature search, encompassing Scopus, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink databases, employed specific keyword combinations ('Hoya' and 'pharmacological properties' OR 'pharmacology property'). The included studies exclusively focused on Hoya's impact on human health. The findings underscore Hoya's potential as a medicinal plant, demonstrating promising attributes such as anticancer, antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, antinociceptive, and parasympatholytic effects. Despite these promising indications, the review underscores the necessity for further in vivo investigations to fully unlock Hoya's therapeutic potential. A comprehensive understanding of its mechanisms of action, efficacy, and safety in living systems is imperative for realising its holistic therapeutic benefits.
  3. Fulltext Prevalence and risk factors of prehypertension in university students in Sabah, Borneo Island of East Malaysia
    Qaiser S, Daud MNM, Ibrahim MY, Gan SH, Rahman MS, Sani MHM, et al.
    Medicine (Baltimore), 2020 May 22;99(21):e20287.
    PMID: 32481309 DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000020287
    Unhealthy lifestyle contributes mainly to an increased prevalence of non-communicable diseases including hypertension and cardiovascular diseases tend to increase in Malaysia. These diseases lead to an increased risk of end organ damage and cardiovascular complications. In this study, the prevalence of prehypertension and its associated risk factors among a cohort of university students in Sabah was determined.This is a prospective, cross-sectional study conducted among 365 undergraduate students irrespective of faculties at Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS). Standardized and validated World Health Organization (WHO) STEPS questionnaires were used to collect sociodemographic data. Additionally, clinical and anthropometric data were measured and recorded by a trained staff, followed by descriptive and logistic regression analyses.A total of 365 UMS undergraduate students aged 18 years and above participated in the study. The prevalence of prehypertension among university students was high (31%) (95% CI [29.1%, 34.3%]). Well-known risk factors for hypertension including family history of hypertension, reduced sleep duration, reduced physical activity, smoking, being overweight or obese were significantly associated with the risk of developing prehypertension (P 
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