MyMedR

Fulltext Psychiatrists and folk healers in Malaysia

Razali MS

World Health Forum, 1995;16(1):56-8.

Contrasting beliefs often make cooperation between folk healers and modern doctors seem impossible. In the field of mental health, where communication is of such central importance, better mutual understanding is especially desirable. After reviewing the complexities involved, the author makes some suggestions on how the two kinds of practitioner could help each other.

Fulltext 1H-Indole-3-carbaldehyde thio-semi-carbazone

Rizal RM, Ali HM, Ng SW

Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online, 2008;64(Pt 5):o919-20.

PMID: 21202401 DOI: 10.1107/S1600536808011082

The mol-ecules of the title compound, C(10)H(10)N(4)S, are linked by N-H(indole)⋯S hydrogen bonds to form a linear hydrogen-bonded chain. There are two independent mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit.

Compliance with treatment in schizophrenia: a drug intervention program in a developing country

Razali MS, Yahya H

Acta Psychiatr Scand, 1995 May;91(5):331-5.

PMID: 7639089

The compliance with drug regimens and follow-up visits of 225 known cases of relapsed schizophrenia was assessed. About 27% of the patients met the criteria for good compliance. The compliance was found to be significantly related to the patients' view of usefulness of the medication, treatment duration of less than 5 years, dosage schedule of once or twice per day and the supervision of medication at home. Patients with poor compliance who were prescribed drug dosage of not more than twice per day throughout follow-up and underwent counseling to enhance treatment compliance had a significantly lower relapse rate than the controlled group at the end of 1 year of follow-up. The importance of family support and understanding patients' cultural background in ensuring good compliance was highlighted.

Fulltext Detection of shaft misalignment using machinery fault simulator (MFS)

Ab Ghani, A. F., Razali, M. A. A., Zainal, Z., Idral, F.

Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology, 2016;4(1):47-57.

MyJurnal

This paper aims to present a method of detecting deterioration on rotating machinery in the
form of Machinery Fault Simulator (MFS) performed in the lab. The study enhances the knowledge of
signal pattern of misalignment phenomenon as compared to baseline signal pattern obtained from
normal condition of rotating shaft. The focus of this experiment was on misalignment problem. There
are two types of misalignment which are parallel and angular misalignment. Input in frequency was
selected for motor movement and the shaft start to rotate. The vibration signal from the shaft was
acquired using in built tachometer in the MFS. In this experiment, data shows that the vibration occurs
in different shape of the amplitude at different speed of the angular motion. In baseline test, the
amplitude values are fluctuated at every accelerometer channels. Meanwhile, the amplitude on the
angular test shows that the amplitude is higher at axial axes only compared to both axes. Meanwhile,
for the second test, the angle of 15o
was applied at inboard in the system caused to the misalignment of
the shaft. In vibration analysis, the misalignment of the shaft was detected from the changes of the
amplitude at three different axes. Copyright © 2016 Penerbit Akademia Baru - All rights reserved.

Fulltext Bis{μ-N'-[1-(5-bromo-2-oxidophen-yl)ethyl-idene]benzene-sulfono-hydrazidato}-κO,N':N;κN:O,N'-bis-[(dimethyl sulfoxide-κO)copper(II)]

Ali HM, Laila M, Rizal RM, Ng SW

Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online, 2008;64(Pt 2):m414.

PMID: 21201360 DOI: 10.1107/S1600536808002201

In the title centrosymmetric dinuclear complex, [Cu(2)(C(15)H(11)BrN(2)O(3)S)(2)(C(2)H(6)OS)(2)], the Cu(II) ion is N,O-chelated by a dianionic ligand, monocoordinated by the sulfonamide N atom of a symmetry-related ligand and coordinated by an O atom from a dimethyl sulfoxide ligand, forming a distorted square-planar coordination geometry.

Quality of life: an assessment of the state of psychosocial rehabilitation of patients with schizophrenia in the community

Hasanah CI, Razali MS

J R Soc Promot Health, 2002 Dec;122(4):251-5.

PMID: 12557735

The subjective quality of life (QOL) of diabetic patients on oral hypoglycaemics was compared to schizophrenic patients who were well controlled with their antipsychotic medications. This comparison was made using the generic quality of life questionnaire produced by the World Health Organization QOL (WHOQOL) group, namely the WHOQOL-100. Statistical analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the psychological well-being and level of independence between the two groups. However, such measures revealed that the most impaired aspect of well-being in the schizophrenic group was the social relationship. Subjective QOL assessment is able to reveal deficits or handicaps that are obscure and probably difficult to appreciate on objective social and clinical evaluation. Such findings are valuable in planning the rehabilitative need of schizophrenic patients in the community.

Fulltext Neuroleptic drug utilisation for acute schizophrenia

Razali MS, Hasanah CI

Singapore Med J, 1996 Dec;37(6):611-3.

PMID: 9104062

The aim of this study was to find the dosage and pattern of neuroleptic drug utilisation for the treatment of acute schizophrenia in a general psychiatry ward. This is an uncontrolled study involving 112 schizophrenic inpatients. Patients' socio-demographic variables, the type and peak daily doses of neuroleptics prescribed to them were analysed. Chlorpromazine was the most commonly prescribed drug. The peak mean daily dose required by the patients was equivalent to 537 mg of chlorpromazine; and 400 to 600 mg/ day of chlorpromazine or its equivalent was generally sufficient to treat acute psychosis. The majority of the patients received neuroleptics within this dose range. Low potency drugs were prescribed in lower doses than high potency drugs. Patients treated with depot preparation tended to receive higher doses of medication than those prescribed oral medication alone. The doses of neuroleptics were significantly correlated with duration of admission.

Fulltext The pilot study of whoqol-100 (malay version)

Hasanah CI, Razali MS

Malays J Med Sci, 1999 Jul;6(2):21-5.

PMID: 22589685 MyJurnal

In confronting the advances in the new treatment for incurable illnesses there is an increasing need for doctors to be aware of their patients' cognition and feeling related to their quality of life (QOL). Recognizing this need the authors translated and pilot tested the WHOQOL-100, a genuinely international measure of QOL by the World Health Organization (quality of life group). The WHOQOL-100 Malay version was pilot tested on 50 healthy controls and 250 ill subjects, suffering from hypertension, diabetes mellitus, those suffering from both hypertension and ischaemic heart disease, epilepsy and schizophrenia. The results showed several unique features of the QOL, which were influenced by different types of illnesses. The information obtained is different and probably not observable from clinical consultations. This study will be an impetus for further studies using the WHOQOL-100 assessment tool in the local population.

A retrospective study of periodontal disease severity in smokers and non-smokers

Razali M, Palmer RM, Coward P, Wilson RF

Br Dent J, 2005 Apr 23;198(8):495-8; discussion 485.

PMID: 15849588

Smoking has been associated with increased risk of periodontitis. The aim of the present study was to compare the periodontal disease severity of adult heavy smokers and never-smokers referred for assessment and treatment of chronic periodontitis.

Fulltext Surface Modifications and Their Effects on Titanium Dental Implants

Jemat A, Ghazali MJ, Razali M, Otsuka Y

Biomed Res Int, 2015;2015:791725.

PMID: 26436097 DOI: 10.1155/2015/791725

This review covers several basic methodologies of surface treatment and their effects on titanium (Ti) implants. The importance of each treatment and its effects will be discussed in detail in order to compare their effectiveness in promoting osseointegration. Published literature for the last 18 years was selected with the use of keywords like titanium dental implant, surface roughness, coating, and osseointegration. Significant surface roughness played an important role in providing effective surface for bone implant contact, cell proliferation, and removal torque, despite having good mechanical properties. Overall, published studies indicated that an acid etched surface-modified and a coating application on commercial pure titanium implant was most preferable in producing the good surface roughness. Thus, a combination of a good surface roughness and mechanical properties of titanium could lead to successful dental implants.

Fulltext Clinical Efficacy of Single Application Local Drug Delivery and Adjunctive Agents in Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis

Tan OL, Safii SH, Razali M

Pharmaceutics, 2020 Nov 12;12(11).

PMID: 33198248 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12111086

This review aimed to rank the clinical efficacy of commercially available single-application local drug delivery and adjunctive agents (LDAs) compared with subgingival mechanical debridement (SMD) in nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). Randomized controlled clinical trials that compared LDAs against SMD alone or with placebo in adults (aged at least 18 years) diagnosed with periodontitis with a minimum of 6 months follow-up were included. A frequentist approach to random-effects network meta-analysis was implemented. The efficacies of the LDAs measured by probing pocket depth (PPD) reduction and clinical attachment level (CAL) gain were reported as mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The treatments were ranked according to their P-score. Four network meta-analyses suggested that sulfonic/sulfuric acid gel (PPD MD -1.13 mm, 95% CI -1.74 to -0.53, P-score 0.91; CAL MD -1.09 mm, 95% CI -1.58 to -0.61, P-score 0.95) and doxycycline hyclate gel (PPD MD -0.90 mm, 95% CI -1.50 to -0.30, P-score 0.93; CAL MD -0.84 mm, 95% CI -1.40 to -0.28, P-score 0.92) were the most effective in reducing PPD and gaining CAL in split-mouth and parallel studies, respectively (moderate certainty of evidence). LDAs have differing efficacies, but they present with possible clinical significance over SMD alone in NSPT.

Force delivery of NiTi orthodontic arch wire at different magnitude of deflections and temperatures: A finite element study

Razali MF, Mahmud AS, Mokhtar N

J Mech Behav Biomed Mater, 2018 Jan;77:234-241.

PMID: 28954242 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.09.021

NiTi arch wires are used widely in orthodontic treatment due to its superelastic and biocompatibility properties. In brackets configuration, the force released from the arch wire is influenced by the sliding resistances developed on the arch wire-bracket contact. This study investigated the evolution of the forces released by a rectangular NiTi arch wire towards possible intraoral temperature and deflection changes. A three dimensional finite element model was developed to measure the force-deflection behavior of superelastic arch wire. Finite element analysis was used to distinguish the martensite fraction and phase state of arch wire microstructure in relation to the magnitude of wire deflection. The predicted tensile and bending results from the numerical model showed a good agreement with the experimental results. As contact developed between the wire and bracket, binding influenced the force-deflection curve by changing the martensitic transformation plateau into a slope. The arch wire recovered from greater magnitude of deflection released lower force than one recovered from smaller deflection. In contrast, it was observed that the plateau slope increased from 0.66N/mm to 1.1N/mm when the temperature was increased from 26°C to 46°C.

Fulltext Clinical Efficacy of Repeated Applications of Local Drug Delivery and Adjunctive Agents in Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy: A Systematic Review

Tan OL, Safii SH, Razali M

Antibiotics (Basel), 2021 Sep 28;10(10).

PMID: 34680759 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10101178

The aim of this systematic review is to compare the clinical efficacy of repeated applications of local drug delivery and adjunctive agents (LDAs) in nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) compared to subgingival mechanical debridement (SMD) alone. The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, hand-searched literature and grey literature databases were searched for randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) with a minimum of 6-month follow-up. The outcomes of interest were changes in probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level as well as patient-centred outcomes. Of 1094 studies identified, 16 RCTs were included in the qualitative analysis. Across 11 different adjuncts analysed, only two studies utilizing minocycline gel/ointment and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) with indocyanine green photosensitizer had statistically significant differences in primary outcomes when compared to their control groups. Only one study on aPDT methylene blue 0.005% had compared single versus multiple applications against its control group. A mean range of 0.27-3.82 mm PD reduction and -0.09-2.82 mm CAL gain were observed with repeated LDA application. Considerable clinical heterogeneity and methodological flaws in the included studies preclude any definitive conclusions regarding the clinical efficacy of repeated LDA applications. Future RCTs with a direct comparison between single and repeated applications should be conducted to confirm or refute the clinical advantages of repeated LDA application in the nonsurgical management of periodontitis.

Fulltext Computed tomography (CT) in blunt liver injury: a pictorial essay

Radhiana H, Azian AA, Razali MR, Kamariah CM

Med J Malaysia, 2010 Dec;65(4):319-25.

PMID: 21901958

Computed tomography (CT) is widely used in assessing clinically stable patients with blunt abdominal trauma. In these patients, liver is one of the commonest organs being injured and CT can accurately identify and assess the extent of the injury. The CT features of blunt liver trauma include laceration, subcapsular or parenchymal haematomas, active haemorrhage and vascular injuries. Widespread use of CT has notably influenced the management of blunt liver injury from routine surgical to nonsurgical management. We present pictorial illustrations of various liver injuries depicted on CT in patients with blunt trauma.

Incidental radiological findings of susuk in the orofacial region

Nor MM, Yushar A, Razali M, Rahman RA, Ramli R

Dentomaxillofac Radiol, 2006 Nov;35(6):473-4.

PMID: 17082343

Susuk, or charm needles, are inserted and worn subcutaneously in the face and other parts of the body, as they are believed to enhance beauty and youth, and for many other reasons such as treatment of headache, aches and pains in the joints, back or abdomen. The practice of inserting susuk is a traditional belief, genuinely cultural and superstitious, and common in the south-east Asian region. We present 13 cases of susuk, which was found incidentally on the radiographs as the patients came for various types of treatment at our centre.

Superparamagnetic calcium ferrite nanoparticles synthesized using a simple sol-gel method for targeted drug delivery

Sulaiman NH, Ghazali MJ, Majlis BY, Yunas J, Razali M

Biomed Mater Eng, 2015;26 Suppl 1:S103-10.

PMID: 26405858 DOI: 10.3233/BME-151295

The calcium ferrite nano-particles (CaFe2O4 NPs) were synthesized using a sol-gel method for targeted drug delivery application. The proposed nano-particles were initially prepared by mixing calcium and iron nitrates that were added with citric acid in order to prevent agglomeration and subsequently calcined at a temperature of 550°C to obtain small particle size. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized by using an XRD (X-ray diffraction), which revealed the configuration of orthorhombic structures of the CaFe2O4 nano-particles. A crystallite size of ~13.59 nm was obtained using a Scherer's formula. Magnetic analysis using a VSM (Vibrating Sample Magnetometer analysis), revealed that the synthesized particles exhibited super-paramagnetic behavior having magnetization saturation of approximately 88.3emu/g. Detailed observation via the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed the calcium ferrite nano-particles were spherical in shape.

COMPUTED RADIOGRAPHY UTILIZATION FOR TELECOBALT60 TO ACHIEVE THE RADIATION CERTAINTY

Hendrik H, Kamalrudin M, Razali M, Purnamawati S, Widikusumo A

Wiad Lek, 2022;75(12):3080-3086.

PMID: 36723331 DOI: 10.36740/WLek202212132

OBJECTIVE: The aim: This research aimed to show the achievement of Telecobalt60 radiation certainty using computed radiography, in comparation with non-verified computed radiography.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: This research is a quantitative study, randomized double-blind, and consecutive sampling design. The study was conducted by observing and com¬paring the data of verified computed radiography (VerC) computed radiograph for Telecobalt60 compared to the non-verified computed radiography (nVerC) Telecobalt60 data.

RESULTS: Results: The results showed that there are significant statistical differences in several measurement characteristics between the verified computed radiography arm and the non-verified computed radiography arm. All of the value divergences of the verified computed radiography arm are less than 7 mm while the non-verified computed radiography arm are 7 mm or more (P<0.050). Furthermore, all of the edge aspect of measurement in the verified computed radiography arms are less than the non-verified computed radiography, all without manual block utilization (P<0.050).

CONCLUSION: Conclusions: We conclude that Telecobalt60 radiation certainty is significantly better achieved by using computed radiography, when compared to non-verified computed radiography Telecobalt60 use. This research contributes to provide evidence based for better Telecobalt60 radiation accuracy and quality of radiotherapy outcome by using computed radiography.

Fulltext Expression of Interleukin-1β and Histological Changes of the Three-Dimensional Oral Mucosal Model in Response to Yttria-Stabilized Nanozirconia

Nasarudin NA, Razali M, Goh V, Chai WL, Muchtar A

Materials (Basel), 2023 Mar 01;16(5).

PMID: 36903142 DOI: 10.3390/ma16052027

Over the years, advancement in ceramic-based dental restorative materials has led to the development of monolithic zirconia with increased translucency. The monolithic zirconia fabricated from nano-sized zirconia powders is shown to be superior in physical properties and more translucent for anterior dental restorations. Most in vitro studies on monolithic zirconia have focused mainly on the effect of surface treatment or the wear of the material, while the nanotoxicity of this material is yet to be explored. Hence, this research aimed to assess the biocompatibility of yttria-stabilized nanozirconia (3-YZP) on the three-dimensional oral mucosal models (3D-OMM). The 3D-OMMs were constructed using human gingival fibroblast (HGF) and immortalized human oral keratinocyte cell line (OKF6/TERT-2), co-cultured on an acellular dermal matrix. On day 12, the tissue models were exposed to 3-YZP (test) and inCoris TZI (IC) (reference material). The growth media were collected at 24 and 48 h of exposure to materials and assessed for IL-1β released. The 3D-OMMs were fixed with 10% formalin for the histopathological assessments. The concentration of the IL-1β was not statistically different between the two materials for 24 and 48 h of exposure (p = 0.892). Histologically, stratification of epithelial cells was formed without evidence of cytotoxic damage and the epithelial thickness measured was the same for all model tissues. The excellent biocompatibility of nanozirconia, as evidenced by the multiple endpoint analyses of the 3D-OMM, may indicate the potential of its clinical application as a restorative material.

Fulltext Computed tomography of blunt renal trauma

Razali MR, Azian AA, Amran AR, Azlin S

Singapore Med J, 2010 Jun;51(6):468-73; quiz 474.

PMID: 20658105

Renal injury is observed in 10 percent of cases of abdominal trauma, and the majority (80 percent to 90 percent) of these are attributable to blunt trauma. Intravenous urography and ultrasonography of the abdomen were previously the modalities of choice in the imaging of renal injuries. However, computed tomography (CT) is currently the imaging modality of choice in the evaluation of blunt renal injury, since it provides the exact staging of renal injuries. The purpose of this article is to describe the CT staging of renal injuries observed in blunt abdominal trauma based on the Federle Classification and the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma renal injury severity scale.

Fulltext In Vitro and In Vivo Biological Assessments of 3D-Bioprinted Scaffolds for Dental Applications

Mohd N, Razali M, Fauzi MB, Abu Kasim NH

Int J Mol Sci, 2023 Aug 17;24(16).

PMID: 37629064 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612881

Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a unique combination of technological advances in 3D printing and tissue engineering. It has emerged as a promising approach to address the dilemma in current dental treatments faced by clinicians in order to repair or replace injured and diseased tissues. The exploration of 3D bioprinting technology provides high reproducibility and precise control of the bioink containing the desired cells and biomaterial over the architectural and dimensional features of the scaffolds in fabricating functional tissue constructs that are specific to the patient treatment need. In recent years, the dental applications of different 3D bioprinting techniques, types of novel bioinks, and the types of cells used have been extensively explored. Most of the findings noted significant challenges compared to the non-biological 3D printing approach in constructing the bioscaffolds that mimic native tissues. Hence, this review focuses solely on the implementation of 3D bioprinting techniques and strategies based on cell-laden bioinks. It discusses the in vitro applications of 3D-bioprinted scaffolds on cell viabilities, cell functionalities, differentiation ability, and expression of the markers as well as the in vivo evaluations of the implanted bioscaffolds on the animal models for bone, periodontal, dentin, and pulp tissue regeneration. Finally, it outlines some perspectives for future developments in dental applications.

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