Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 426 in total

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  1. Peripheral neuropathy
    Loong SC
    Family Physician, 1989;1:19-21.
    Matched MeSH terms: Peripheral Nervous System Diseases
  2. Fulltext Some form of peripheral neuritis
    Highet HC
    Journal of the Straits Medical Association, 1894;5:116-21.
    Matched MeSH terms: Peripheral Nervous System Diseases
  3. COVID-19 and its effects on neurological functions
    Yew MMT, Lip JQ, Ling APK
    Trop Biomed, 2021 Sep 01;38(3):435-445.
    PMID: 34608117 DOI: 10.47665/tb.38.3.086
    Ever since the first reported case series on SARS-CoV-2-induced neurological manifestation in Wuhan, China in April 2020, various studies reporting similar as well as diverse symptoms of COVID-19 infection relating to the nervous system were published. Since then, scientists started to uncover the mechanism as well as pathophysiological impacts it has on the current understanding of the disease. SARS-CoV-2 binds to the ACE2 receptor which is present in certain parts of the body which are responsible for regulating blood pressure and inflammation in a healthy system. Presence of the receptor in the nasal and oral cavity, brain, and blood allows entry of the virus into the body and cause neurological complications. The peripheral and central nervous system could also be invaded directly in the neurogenic or hematogenous pathways, or indirectly through overstimulation of the immune system by cytokines which may lead to autoimmune diseases. Other neurological implications such as hypoxia, anosmia, dysgeusia, meningitis, encephalitis, and seizures are important symptoms presented clinically in COVID-19 patients with or without the common symptoms of the disease. Further, patients with higher severity of the SARS-CoV-2 infection are also at risk of retaining some neurological complications in the long-run. Treatment of such severe hyperinflammatory conditions will also be discussed, as well as the risks they may pose to the progression of the disease. For this review, articles pertaining information on the neurological manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 infection were gathered from PubMed and Google Scholar using the search keywords "SARS-CoV-2", "COVID-19", and "neurological dysfunction". The findings of the search were filtered, and relevant information were included.
    Matched MeSH terms: Central Nervous System/pathology*; Central Nervous System/virology; Nervous System Diseases/pathology; Nervous System Diseases/virology*; Peripheral Nervous System/pathology*; Peripheral Nervous System/virology
  4. Morphological, histological and cytological studies on the nervous system of Ceylonocotyle sp. (Paramphistomata)
    Poon SK
    Med J Malaya, 1965 Sep;20(1):57.
    PMID: 4221418
    Matched MeSH terms: Nervous System/anatomy & histology*
  5. Age-related neurone-loss and the occurrence of darkand light neurones inthe ganglia of cranial nervesand autonomic nervous system: a comparative evaluation of their developmental and growth changes
    Pillay AC
    JUMMEC, 1998;3:22-46.
    Senescent-decliue in the nervous-system functions is very frequently atbibuted to age-related neurone-loss. Processes and mechanisms involved in neuro- degeneration form part of the structural frame-work for interpreting the functional consequences. The literature concerning this matter are confusing and contradicting. The behaviour of cranial nerve ganglia was studied using neuro-histological techniques. On the evidence available in the present study, the dark cells are considered as active ones; the light cells are considered as those which have failed to establish functional projections, inactive, dying, dead or degenerating ones. Probably it is during the me- dium-sized stage of cell growth, the peripheral and central processes (of axons) begin to grow from the cell body and attempt to get established in their projection fields. The light cells have appeared among the very-small cells just on the day of hatching. This probably signifies the possible attempt to elinlinate the growing cells since they are no longer needed to replace larger categories of cells which have already well- developed neuronat connections at this stage. It is assumed that the time of appear- ance of light cells might be indirectly related to the onset of establishment of active functional connections of neurones and to the functional importance of the organs which it supplies. KEYWORDS: Neurone-Loss and Ageing, Dark and Light Neurones, Sensory and Autonomic Ganglia
    Matched MeSH terms: Autonomic Nervous System; Nervous System
  6. Fulltext To: Critical COVID-19 and neurological dysfunction - a direct comparative analysis between SARS-CoV-2 and other infectious pathogens
    Magoon R, Suresh V
    Crit Care Sci, 2023;35(3):335-336.
    PMID: 38133166 DOI: 10.5935/2965-2774.20230383-en
    Matched MeSH terms: Nervous System Diseases*
  7. Fulltext Faktor-faktor mempengaruhi kekuatan otot dalam kalangan kanak-kanak pra sekolah: kajian ulasan
    Mohd Syukran Abdul Khadir
    Jurnal Sains Sukan & Pendidikan Jasmani, 2013;2(1):24-28.
    MyJurnal
    Otot memainkan
    peranan penting dalam setiap pergerakan utama manusia seperti berjalan, bernafas,
    mengangkat barang dan sebagainya. Harris dan Watkins (1993) mentakrifkan kekuatan otot
    sebagai keupayaan otot rangka untuk membangunkan daya untuk tujuan memberikan
    kestabilan dan mobiliti di dalam sistem otot, fungsi pergerakan boleh berlaku. Kekuatan otot
    berbeza mengikut umur dan jantina. Terdapat pelbagai kajian yang dilakukan untuk mengukur
    kekuatan otot bagi golongan dewasa. Namun demikian, masih kurang penyelidikan telah
    dijalankan ke atas kekuatan otot bagi kanak-kanak yang bersekolah di peringkat taska atau pra
    sekolah. Kanak-kanak yang belajar di peringkat taska atau pra sekolah adalah kanak-kanak
    yang berumur dari 4 hingga 6 tahun. Kajian ulasan ringkas ini mengupas beberapa faktor
    yang mempengaruhi kekuatan otot dalam kalangan kanak-kanak pra sekolah. Kajian-kajian
    yang dipilih telah menepati kriteria-kriteria yang telah di tetapkan iaitu: a) hasil dapatan
    menunjukkan kaitan antara kekuatan otot dan pelajar pra sekolah dan b) faktor mempengaruhi
    kekuatan otot di kalangan kanak-kanak.
    Matched MeSH terms: Autonomic Nervous System Diseases
  8. Korelasi pekali kekasaran kekar (JRC) dengan sudut geseran puncak satah ketakselanjaran batuan granit, semenanjung Malaysia
    Goh T, Ghani Rafek A, Hariri Arifin M
    Sains Malaysiana, 2014;43:751-756.
    Kekasaran permukaan satah ketakselanjaran adalah parameter penting untuk penilaian kestabilan struktur pengorekan dalam jasad batuan kerana ia mempengaruhi tingkah-laku ricihan dan nilai sudut geseran puncak satah tersebut. Beberapa kaedah boleh digunakan untuk menentukan kekasaran permukaan ketakselanjaran. Kertas ini memperkenalkan satu pendekatan yang mudah dalam bentuk tiga (3) persamaan polinominal untuk mengkorelasikan sudut geseran puncak ketakselanjaran (fp) batuan granit segar, terluluhawa sedikit dan terluluhawa sederhana dengan pekali kekasaran kekar, (JRC). Persamaan polinominal ketakselanjaran batuan granit segar ialah fp1 = -0.071JRC2 + 3.56JRC + 35.6. Persamaan polinominal ketakselanjaran batuan granit terluluhawa sedikit dan terluluhawa sederhana masing-masing ialah fp2 = -0.087JRC2 + 4.32JRC + 34.1 dan fp3 = -0.133JRC2 + 5.08JRC + 29. Hasil kajian ini memberikan satu kaedah alternatif penganggaran nilai fp satah ketakselanjaran daripada penentuan nilai PKK pada permukaan ketakselanjaran batuan granit di lapangan.
    Matched MeSH terms: Autonomic Nervous System Diseases
  9. Penggunaan kaedah pengoptimuman kelompok zarah dalam menilai keboleharapan analisis kestabilan cerun tanah
    Mohd Raihan Taha, Mohammad Khajehzadeh, Ahmed El-Shafie
    Sains Malaysiana, 2012;41:847-854.
    Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk menunjukkan pembangunan kaedah berangka untuk menilai keboleharapan cerun tanah dan menentukan kebarangkalian permukaan gelonsoran genting. Fungsi prestasi dirumuskan menggunakan kaedah had keseimbangan Bishop mudah untuk mengira indeks keboleharapan. Indeks keboleharapan yang ditakrifkan oleh Hasofer dan Lind digunakan sebagai indeks ukuran keselamatan. Pencarian permukaan gelonsoran genting secara kebarangkaliannya yang berkaitan dengan indeks keboleharapan terendah dirumuskan sebagai masalah pengoptimuman.
    Seterusnya pengoptimuman kelompok zarah digunakan untuk mengira indeks keboleharapan Hasofer dan Lind dan kebarangkalian permukaan kegagalan genting. Penggunaan algorithma ini ditunjukkan melalui tiga contoh berangka daripada kajian terdahulu. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa kaedah yang dicadangkan berupaya untuk memberikan penyelesaian yang lebih baik bagi analisis keboleharapan cerun tanah berbanding dengan kaedah yang dilaporkan dalam kajian-kajian terdahulu.
    Matched MeSH terms: Autonomic Nervous System Diseases
  10. Fulltext A New Association Of Guillain Barre Syndrome In A Patient With Central Nervous System Melioidosis
    Koh EJ, Tan KN, Chan ZW, Candice Wong HY, Chin ML, Lee TC
    J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad, 2023;35(2):334-336.
    PMID: 37422834 DOI: 10.55519/JAMC-02-11470
    Burkholderia pseudomallei affecting the central nervous system has been extensively reported in the literature. However, combined central nervous system and peripheral nervous system involvement in melioidosis has never been reported. We report a 66-year-old man with diabetes mellitus who was diagnosed to have central nervous system melioidosis and developed acute flaccid quadriplegia. Nerve conduction studies and anti-ganglioside antibodies were consistent with Guillain-Barre syndrome. This case report highlights the importance to recognise the possibility of Guillain Barre syndrome complicating central nervous system melioidosis and stresses the urgency of early consideration of this complication, as early immunomodulatory therapy may hasten neurological recovery.
    Matched MeSH terms: Central Nervous System
  11. Optic nerve sheath diameter in COVID-19: there's more to it than meets the eye
    Magoon R, Suresh V
    QJM, 2023 Jul 28;116(7):599-600.
    PMID: 36617160 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcad002
    Matched MeSH terms: Central Nervous System
  12. Scintillation scanning in the diagnosis of neurological disease
    Mahadev V
    Med J Malaya, 1970 Jun;24(4):290-6.
    PMID: 4248350
    Matched MeSH terms: Nervous System Diseases/diagnosis*
  13. Parasitic invasion of the human nervous system
    Heyneman D
    Med J Malaya, 1966 Sep;21(1):84-9.
    PMID: 4224884
    Matched MeSH terms: Central Nervous System Diseases/etiology*
  14. Fulltext General neurology: Current challenges and future implications
    Bassetti CLA, Accorroni A, Arnesen A, Basri HB, Berger T, Berlit P, et al.
    Eur J Neurol, 2024 Jun;31(6):e16237.
    PMID: 38545838 DOI: 10.1111/ene.16237
    BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In the coming decades, the world will face an increasing burden of neurological disorders (ND) and an urgent need to promote brain health. These challenges contrast with an insufficient neurological workforce in most countries, as well as decreasing numbers of general neurologists and neurologists attracted to work in general neurology (GN). This white paper aims to review the current situation of GN and reflect on its future.

    METHODS: The European Academy of Neurology (EAN) task force (TF) met nine times between November 2021 and June 2023. During the 2023 EAN annual meeting, attendees were asked to answer five questions concerning the future of GN. The document was sent for suggestions and eventually approval to the board and the presidents of the 47 national societies of the EAN.

    RESULTS: The TF first identified four relevant current and future challenges related to GN: (i) definition, (ii) practice, (iii) education, and (iv) research. The TF then identified seven initiatives to further develop GN at both the academic and community level. Finally, the TF formulated 16 recommendations to promote GN in the future.

    CONCLUSIONS: GN will remain essential in the coming decades to provide rapid, accessible, and comprehensive management of patients with ND that is affordable and cost-effective. There is also a need for research, education, and other initiatives aiming to facilitate improved working conditions, recognition, and prestige for those pursuing a career in GN.

    Matched MeSH terms: Nervous System Diseases/therapy
  15. Fulltext Third ventricular cavernous angioma
    Zakaria MA, Abdullah JM, George JP, Mutum SS, Lee NN
    Med J Malaysia, 2006 Jun;61(2):229-32.
    PMID: 16898318 MyJurnal
    Third ventricular cavernous angiomas are rare vascular malformations of the brain. We report an eight-year old boy with a rare third ventricular cavernous angioma that hemorrhaged presenting with symptoms of acute hydrocephalus. Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) showed a heterogenous ill-defined, solid and cystic intraventricular mass in the third ventricle which was mildly enhanced with contrast and there was associated hydrocephalus. The mass was removed with success and follow up after two years revealed no neurological abnormalities.
    Matched MeSH terms: Central Nervous System Neoplasms/diagnosis*; Central Nervous System Neoplasms/surgery; Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System/diagnosis*; Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System/surgery
  16. Second regional plasmapheresis conference and workshop for Southeast Asia (SEA) on the immunomodulatory role of plasma exchange in central and peripheral nervous system disorders, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 9th December 2017
    Viswanathan S, Hung SKY, Goyal V, Apiwattanakul M, Thirugnanam UN, Abdullah S, et al.
    J Clin Apher, 2018 Oct;33(5):559-568.
    PMID: 29626354 DOI: 10.1002/jca.21630
    In December 2017, 79 delegates attended the 2nd regional plasmapheresis conference and workshop for Southeast Asia (SEA) on the immunomodulatory role of plasma exchange in central and peripheral nervous system disorders in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. This meeting featured 6 plenary lectures, interactive sessions dedicated for experience sharing, case presentations, and a practical session for paramedics. Clinical experts and researchers from 7 SEA countries and India shared experience and challenges in treating autoimmune neurological disorders. While the spectrum of diseases and neurology practice remained largely similar, there was great disparities in accessibility of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) within SEA countries and between urban or rural settings. Costs, human resources, and healthcare policies are common challenges in providing sustainable TPE services. Novel techniques and innovative ideas in performing TPE were explored. A working consortium comprising of key opinion leaders was proposed to improve standards of TPE and enhance future research.
    Matched MeSH terms: Central Nervous System Diseases/immunology; Central Nervous System Diseases/therapy; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/immunology; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/therapy
  17. Suprasellar lymphoma masquerading as tuberculosis of the central nervous system
    Dang YL, Hor JY, Chia YK, Lim TT, Eow GB
    Acta Neurol Belg, 2014 Sep;114(3):239-41.
    PMID: 23757110 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-013-0217-3
    Matched MeSH terms: Central Nervous System Neoplasms/pathology; Central Nervous System Neoplasms/physiopathology*; Tuberculosis, Central Nervous System/physiopathology*
  18. Fulltext Mechanisms underpinning sympathetic nervous activity and its modulation using transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation
    Deuchars SA, Lall VK, Clancy J, Mahadi M, Murray A, Peers L, et al.
    Exp Physiol, 2018 Mar 01;103(3):326-331.
    PMID: 29205954 DOI: 10.1113/EP086433
    What is the topic of this review? This review briefly considers what modulates sympathetic nerve activity and how it may change as we age or in pathological conditions. It then focuses on transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation, a method of neuromodulation in autonomic cardiovascular control. What advances does it highlight? The review considers the pathways involved in eliciting the changes in autonomic balance seen with transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation in relationship to other neuromodulatory techniques. The autonomic nervous system, consisting of the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches, is a major contributor to the maintenance of cardiovascular variables within homeostatic limits. As we age or in certain pathological conditions, the balance between the two branches changes such that sympathetic activity is more dominant, and this change in dominance is negatively correlated with prognosis in conditions such as heart failure. We have shown that non-invasive stimulation of the tragus of the ear increases parasympathetic activity and reduces sympathetic activity and that the extent of this effect is correlated with the baseline cardiovascular parameters of different subjects. The effects could be attributable to activation of the afferent branch of the vagus and, potentially, other sensory nerves in that region. This indicates that tragus stimulation may be a viable treatment in disorders where autonomic activity to the heart is compromised.
    Matched MeSH terms: Autonomic Nervous System Diseases/physiopathology*; Sympathetic Nervous System/physiology*; Sympathetic Nervous System/physiopathology
  19. Neuroinflammation pathways: a general review
    Shabab T, Khanabdali R, Moghadamtousi SZ, Kadir HA, Mohan G
    Int J Neurosci, 2017 Jul;127(7):624-633.
    PMID: 27412492 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2016.1212854
    Activated microglial cells play an important role in immune and inflammatory responses in central nervous system and neurodegenerative diseases. Many pro-apoptotic pathways are mediated by signaling molecules that are produced during neuroinflammation. In glial cells, NF-κB, a transcription factor, initiates and regulates the expression of several inflammatory processes during inflammation which are attributed to the pathology of the several neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we discuss the most important neuroinflammatory mediators with their pathways. Attenuating cytokines production and controlling microglial inflammatory response, which are the result of understanding neuroinflammation pathways, are considered therapeutic strategies for treating neurodegenerative diseases with an inflammatory component.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nervous System/immunology*; Nervous System/metabolism*
  20. An Overview of Culinary and Medicinal Mushrooms in Neurodegeneration and Neurotrauma Research
    Wong KH, Ng CC, Kanagasabapathy G, Yow YY, Sabaratnam V
    Int J Med Mushrooms, 2017;19(3):191-202.
    PMID: 28605334 DOI: 10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.v19.i3.10
    Culinary and medicinal mushrooms have been appreciated since prehistoric times as valuable resources for food and medicine. Edible mushrooms represent an untapped source of nutraceuticals and valuable palatable food. Long considered tonics, they are now treasured as functional foods that can improve human health and quality of life. Numerous studies have provided insights into the neuroprotective effects of edible mushrooms, which are attributed to their antioxidant, antineuroinflammatory, and cholinesterase inhibitory properties, and their ability to prevent neuronal death. Here we review the recent literature on the role of culinary and medicinal mushrooms in the management of neurodegenerative diseases and neurotrauma. We highlight some of the molecular mechanisms for how these alternative medicines provide health benefits that could help us to harness their neuroprotective effects.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nervous System; Trauma, Nervous System/therapy*
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