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Fulltext Female genital mutilation

Ladjali M, Rattray TW, Walder RJ

BMJ, 1993 Aug 21;307(6902):460.

PMID: 8400925

Matched MeSH terms: Genitalia, Female/surgery*

Fulltext Female genital mutilation in Britain

Black JA, Debelle GD

BMJ, 1995 Jun 17;310(6994):1590-2.

PMID: 7787654

Matched MeSH terms: Genitalia, Female/surgery*

Penile prosthesis implantation in a transsexual neophallus

Tan HM

Asian J Androl, 2000 Dec;2(4):304-6.

PMID: 11202422

Reconstruction surgery for a female to male transsexual usually involves mastectomy, hysterectomy and creating an aesthetically appealing neophallus. We have successfully inserted an inflatable prosthesis using the AMS CX prosthesis in a 45 year old transsexual, who had a large bulky neophallus constructed from the anterior abdominal subcutaneous fat, about 9 years ago. The single cylinder CX prosthesis was well anchored to the symphysis pubis using a dacron windsock tubing, the activation pump was placed in the dependent pouch of the right labium and the reservior in the usual perivesical space. The patient subsequently had debulking procedure using liposuction to create a more aesthetic and functional phallus. To date, the inflatable neophallus prosthesis is functioning well.

Matched MeSH terms: Genitalia, Female/surgery*

Female genital mutilation in the world today: a global review

Hosken FP

Int J Health Serv, 1981;11(3):415-30.

PMID: 7298255

Extensive research and field work have established that more than 74 million women and female children are mutilated by female genital operations in Africa alone. The operations are also practiced in many parts of the Middle East and, with Moslemization, were introduced into Indonesia and Malaysia where they are preformed at the present time in a less damaging form. This paper lists the countries where instances of excision and infibulation have been reported and includes case reports from Sudan, Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Nigeria, Mali, Upper Volta, and Senegal. The ethical issues posed by genital mutilation are also discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Genitalia, Female/surgery*

A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study of Malaysian Females With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: Their Body Image and Their Perspectives on Feminizing Surgery

Zainuddin AA, Grover SR, Soon CH, Ghani NAA, Mahdy ZA, Manaf MRA, et al.

J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol, 2020 Oct;33(5):477-483.

PMID: 32376362 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2020.04.008

OBJECTIVE: To explore the impact of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) on body image in Malaysian females with CAH and to understand the perspectives of these young women and their parents toward feminizing genitoplasty (FG).

DESIGN: Multi-center cross-sectional study.

SETTING: Two tertiary medical centers in Malaysia.

PARTICIPANTS: A total of 59 patients with CAH who were raised as females and more than 10 years old, and their parents.

METHODS: The CAH respondents completed the validated and translated Body Image Disturbance Questionnaires (BIDQ). All CAH respondents and their parents underwent semi-structured interviews to explore their views on FG.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Body image disturbance score and perspectives on FG.

RESULTS: The 59 CAH respondents consisted of 12 children, 29 adolescents, and 18 adults. The majority were of Malay ethnicity (64.4%) with classical CAH (98.3%) and had undergone FG (n = 55, 93.2%). For the BIDQ scores, the median score (interquartile range) for general body image was 1.29 (0.71), range 1.00-3.29, whereas the genital appearance score was 1.07 (0.39), range 1.00-4.29, revealing a greater concern for general body parts over genitalia. With regards to FG, it was perceived as necessary. Infancy and early childhood were perceived as the best timing for first FG by both respondents and parents, most preferring single-stage over 2-stage surgery.

CONCLUSIONS: General body appearance concerns were greater than for genital appearance, with more impact on the patients' lives. Contrary to much international opinion, feminizing surgery was perceived as necessary and appropriate by CAH respondents and their families, and should be offered in infancy or early childhood. Future qualitative studies are recommended.

Matched MeSH terms: Genitalia, Female/surgery*

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