MyMedR

Head and neck cancer is becoming a more recognizable pathology to the general population and dentists. The modes of treatment include surgery and/or radiation therapy. Pretreatment dental assessment should be provided for these patients before they undergo radiation therapy. There are occasions, however, whereby head and neck cancer patients are not prepared optimally and, as a result, they succumb to complicated oral adverse effects after radiation therapy. Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) is a severe debilitating condition that impairs healing due to reduction in vascularity and osteocyte population in the affected bone. This article reviews methods of treatment used to treat ORN such as antibiotics, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, therapeutic ultrasound, surgery, and other modalities.

Matched MeSH terms: Jaw Diseases/therapy*

Odontogenic keratocyst: a study of 53 cases in Malaysia

Siar CH, Ng KH, Murugasu P

Ann Dent, 1986;45(2):15-8.

PMID: 3468871

Matched MeSH terms: Jaw Diseases/ethnology*

Fulltext The incidence of tori in Malaysians- a retrospective analysis

Shareif Alan, Mohammed Subhi

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2017;16(21):15-15.

MyJurnal

The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of torus palatinus and torus
mandibularis in Malaysians. The objectives are to evaluate the incidence of tori according to
ethnicity, to assess the incidence of tori according to gender and to determine the incidence of
torus palatinus vs torus mandibularis. (Copied from article).

Matched MeSH terms: Jaw Diseases

Fulltext Clinicopathological study of dentigerous cysts in Singapore and Malaysia

Yeo JF, Rosnah BZ, Ti LS, Zhao YY, Ngeow WC

Malays J Pathol, 2007 Jun;29(1):41-7.

PMID: 19105328 MyJurnal

This was a retrospective study of dentigerous cysts in people from the Singapore-Malaysian region. The purpose of this study was to present the clinicopathologic features of dentigerous cysts in the Oriental population and to compare these data with those from other reported studies. Biopsy records from 1981 to 1993 of 119 cases of dentigerous cysts from patients in Malaysia and Singapore showed that 36.1% of patients were female and 63.9% patients were male. Among patients with cysts, 70.5% were Chinese, 23.2% were Malays, 2.7% were Indian and 3.6% were other ethnic groups. The mean age of these patients was 30.2 +/- 17.3 years with a peak incidence occurring in the second and third decades. The location of the lesions was almost equal to the maxilla (50.9%) and the mandible (49.1%). There was a marked predilection for the posterior mandible (42.7%) followed by the anterior maxilla (38.2%). Histologically, 90.8% of the cysts were lined by a non-keratinised stratified squamous epithelium. The cyst linings were mainly thin (90.0%) with 38.7% of cases having a mixed thick and thin lining. Mucous metaplasia was observed in 9 (7.6%) cases. Rushton bodies were seen in 3.4% of cases. Cholesterol clefts in the epithelial lining and lumen were found in 16.8% cases while 12.6% of cases exhibited cholesterol clefts in the cyst wall. Other cellular structures within the cyst wall were lymphocytes (66.4%), plasma cells (52.1%), Russell bodies (16.0%) and histiocytes (4.2%). Odontogenic keratocysts were observed in 5.0% of cases. One case of adenomatoid odontogenic tumour was also observed. Epithelial atypia was seen in 9.2% of cases, islands of stratified squamous epithelial cells in 8.4% of cases while one case showed a combination of these two features. In conclusion, some clinical features seen in this study are similar to that for the Caucasian population such as prevalence in male, peak incidence in the second and third decades and the predilection for the posterior mandible and anterior maxilla. Histopathologically, odontogenic keratocyst and adenomatoid odontogenic tumour were observed in dentigerous cysts.

Matched MeSH terms: Jaw Diseases/epidemiology*; Jaw Diseases/pathology*

Fulltext Progressive septal and palatal perforation secondary to intranasal cocaine abuse

Gendeh BS, Ferguson BJ, Johnson JT, Kapadia S

Med J Malaysia, 1998 Dec;53(4):435-8.

PMID: 10971991

Septal perforation from intranasal cocaine abuse is well recognised. We present a case of progressive septal as well as palatal perforation. Progression from septal perforation to palatal perforation occurred after cessation of intranasal cocaine abuse. This patient had a weakly positive cytoplasmic antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody (C-ANCA) but no histologic evidence of Wegener's Granulomatosis. The differential diagnosis for septal and palatal perforation is reviewed. This case represents the fifth reported case of palatal perforation secondary to cocaine abuse in the literature, and the second associated with positive C-ANCA.

Matched MeSH terms: Jaw Diseases/chemically induced*; Jaw Diseases/pathology

Fulltext Orthognathic surgery in the University of Malaya

Ngeow WC, Ong ST, Siow KK, Lian CB

Med J Malaysia, 2002 Dec;57(4):398-403.

PMID: 12733163

This is the first review on orthognathic surgery in Malaysia. The records of a total of 84 patients seen between 1977 and 1999 in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya were analysed. Skeletal III deformity formed 85% of the sample with a female dominance of 2 to 1. The patients' age ranged from 17 to 36 years, with a mean of 25.3 years. The common surgical techniques used were combined bilateral sagittal split and Le Fort I osteotomy. The predominant ethnic group was Chinese (n = 58, 69%); followed by Malay (n = 14, 17%) and Indian (n = 12, 14%).

Matched MeSH terms: Jaw Diseases/epidemiology*; Jaw Diseases/surgery*

Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia in a young Chinese man. Case report

Ong ST, Siar CH

Aust Dent J, 1997 Dec;42(6):404-8.

PMID: 9470284

Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia refers to a group of fibro-osseous lesions which are exuberant, multiquadrant and arise from the tooth-bearing area of the jaws. It is classically described as a condition occurring almost exclusively in middle-aged black women. A case of florid cemento-osseous dysplasia occurring in a young Chinese male is reported which was rare in regard to race and sex. This 20 year old Chinese man presented with huge symmetrical bony lesions in all four quadrants of the jaws. Clinical presentation, radiological findings and histological features of the excised specimens are described. Treatment of the lesions was unusual. Curettage was first done with minimal benefit and it was followed by mandibular recontouring to improve facial appearance. The outcome of these procedures will be discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Jaw Diseases/classification; Jaw Diseases/ethnology; Jaw Diseases/pathology*; Jaw Diseases/surgery

Myocysticercosis of the Masseter Muscle

Nath S, Prajapati VK, Pulikkotil SJ

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak, 2019 Feb;29(2):196.

PMID: 30700369 DOI: 10.29271/jcpsp.2019.02.196

Matched MeSH terms: Jaw Diseases/diagnosis; Jaw Diseases/etiology

Fulltext Prevalence of torus palatinus and torus mandibularis among Malay population

Hiremath VK, Husein A, Mishra N

J Int Soc Prev Community Dent, 2011 Jul;1(2):60-4.

PMID: 24478956 DOI: 10.4103/2231-0762.97704

The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence, size, shape, and location of torus palatinus (TP) and torus mandibularis (TM), and to assess their sex-related and age-related differences in the Malay population. Sixty-five subjects were assessed for the presence of both tori at the School of Dental Sciences University Sains Malaysia. The prevalence of TP was 38-63% and that of TM was 1-10%. TP was frequently more common in females than males (90.9% versus 9.1%; P < 0.05) and was frequently found in medium sizes, spindle shaped, and was often located at the combined premolar to molar areas. The prevalence of TM was not significantly different in males and females (33.3% versus 66.7%; P = 0.523), occurred most commonly in bilateral multiple form, and was often located at the canine to premolar area.

Matched MeSH terms: Jaw Diseases

Fulltext Is it as dangerous as it looks?

Che Ibrahim NH, Md Shukri N

Malays Fam Physician, 2017;12(1):35-36.

PMID: 28503274 MyJurnal

A common bony protrusion that occurs over the hard palate is sometimes mistaken for a malignancy especially when it is large. This bony growth is a torus palatinus (TP), which is a benign bony prominence over the hard palate. It occurs most commonly in bilateral multiple form, and is often located at the canine to premolar area. A basic knowledge of the assessment and management of TP is important, particularly for the first-line family physician to ensure that the correct information is given to the patient.

Matched MeSH terms: Jaw Diseases

Fulltext Predictors of osteoradionecrosis following irradiated tooth extraction

Khoo SC, Nabil S, Fauzi AA, Yunus SSM, Ngeow WC, Ramli R

Radiat Oncol, 2021 Jul 14;16(1):130.

PMID: 34261515 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-021-01851-0

BACKGROUND: Tooth extraction post radiotherapy is one of the most important risk factors of osteoradionecrosis of the jawbones. The objective of this study was to determine the predictors of osteoradionecrosis (ORN) which were associated with a dental extraction post radiotherapy.

METHODS: A retrospective analysis of medical records and dental panoramic tomogram (DPT) of patients with a history of head and neck radiotherapy who underwent dental extraction between August 2005 to October 2019 was conducted.

RESULTS: Seventy-three patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. 16 (21.9%) had ORN post dental extraction and 389 teeth were extracted. 33 sockets (8.5%) developed ORN. Univariate analyses showed significant associations with ORN for the following factors: tooth type, tooth pathology, surgical procedure, primary closure, target volume, total dose, timing of extraction post radiotherapy, bony changes at extraction site and visibility of lower and upper cortical line of mandibular canal. Using multivariate analysis, the odds of developing an ORN from a surgical procedure was 6.50 (CI 1.37-30.91, p = 0.02). Dental extraction of more than 5 years after radiotherapy and invisible upper cortical line of mandibular canal on the DPT have the odds of 0.06 (CI 0.01-0.25, p

Matched MeSH terms: Jaw Diseases/diagnosis*; Jaw Diseases/etiology; Jaw Diseases/epidemiology

Predictive factors for osteoradionecrosis of the jaws: A retrospective study

Sathasivam HP, Davies GR, Boyd NM

Head Neck, 2018 Jan;40(1):46-54.

PMID: 29149496 DOI: 10.1002/hed.24907

BACKGROUND: Osteoradionecrosis of the jaw (ORNJ) is a well-recognized complication of radiotherapy. The purpose of this study was to assess predictive factors for the development of ORNJ.

METHODS: A retrospective study of 325 patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) treated at one institution between January 1, 1999, and December 31, 2008, was conducted. Outcome measure was the presence/absence of ORNJ. Time to event was recorded and Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to determine statistically significant predictive factors.

RESULTS: Fifty-nine patients had ORNJ. Statistical analysis using Cox regression analysis identified several statistically significant variables: dentoalveolar surgery; peri-resective surgery of the jaw; continued tobacco usage after radiotherapy, diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2); and total radiation dose.

CONCLUSION: Patients at greater risk of developing ORNJ can be identified and measures can be instituted to reduce its incidence and expedite management when it does occur.

Matched MeSH terms: Jaw Diseases/etiology*; Jaw Diseases/physiopathology; Jaw Diseases/therapy

Resolution of rare palatal brown tumour after parathyroidectomy

Lim CT, Thevandran TK

Clin Exp Nephrol, 2017 Apr;21(2):352-353.

PMID: 27339441 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-016-1292-6

Matched MeSH terms: Jaw Diseases/diagnosis; Jaw Diseases/etiology*

Risk factors for osteoradionecrosis after head and neck radiation: a systematic review

Nabil S, Samman N

Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol, 2012 Jan;113(1):54-69.

PMID: 22669065 DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2011.07.042

This systematic review aimed to answer the clinical question, "What is the current risk of developing osteoradionecrosis of the jaws among irradiated head and neck cancer patients?"

Matched MeSH terms: Jaw Diseases/etiology*

Histiocytosis X: evidence for a genetic etiology

Hanapiah F, Yaacob H, Ghani KS, Hussin AS

J Nihon Univ Sch Dent, 1993 Sep;35(3):171-4.

PMID: 8246038

Histiocytosis X is a rare disorder with no particular predilection for race, age or sex. Since its discovery by Hand in 1893, the etiology has remained unknown, although viruses, bacteria and genetic factors have been implicated. Familial occurrence of this disease is very rare, and only a handful of such cases have been reported. The present study adds further evidence to support the influence of genetic factors in the etiology of histiocytosis X.

Matched MeSH terms: Jaw Diseases/etiology

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