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Evidence regarding patient compliance with incentive spirometry interventions after cardiac, thoracic and abdominal surgeries: A systematic literature review

Narayanan AL, Hamid SR, Supriyanto E

Can J Respir Ther, 2016;52(1):17-26.
PMID: 26909010

BACKGROUND: Evidence regarding the effectiveness of incentive spirometry (ISy) on postoperative pulmonary outcomes after thoracic, cardiac and abdominal surgery remains inconclusive. This is attributed to various methodological issues inherent in ISy trials. Patient compliance has also been highlighted as a possible confounding factor; however, the status of evidence regarding patient compliance in these trials is unknown.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the status of evidence on patient compliance with ISy interventions in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in the above contexts.
METHOD: A systematic search using MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL databases was conducted to obtain relevant RCTs from 1972 to 2015 using the inclusion criteria. These were examined for specific ISy parameters, methods used for determining compliance and reporting on compliance. Main outcome measures were comparison of ISy parameters prescribed and assessed, and reporting on compliance.
RESULTS: Thirty-six relevant RCTs were obtained. Six ISy parameters were identified in ISy prescriptions from these trials. Almost all (97.2%) of the trials had ISy prescriptions with specific parameters. Wilcoxon signed-rank test revealed that the ISy parameters assessed were significantly lower (Z=-5.433; P<0.001) than those prescribed; 66.7% of the trials indicated use of various methods to assess these parameters. Only six (16.7%) trials included reports on compliance; however, these were also incomprehensive.
CONCLUSIONS: There is a scarcity and inconsistency of evidence regarding ISy compliance. Compliance data should be obtained using reliable and standardized methods to facilitate comparisons between and among trials. These should be reported comprehensively to facilitate valid inferences regarding ISy intervention effectiveness.
KEYWORDS: Abdomen; Heart surgery; Incentive, Respiratory therapy; Spirometry; Thoracic surgery

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance*
Prevalence and characteristics associated with default of treatment and follow-up in patients with cancer

Chan CM, Wan Ahmad WA, Md Yusof M, Ho GF, Krupat E

Eur J Cancer Care (Engl), 2015 Nov;24(6):938-44.
PMID: 25810106 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12312

Defaulting is an important issue across all medical specialties, but much more so in cancer as delayed or incomplete treatment has been shown to result in worse clinical outcomes such as treatment resistance, disease progression as well as lower survival. Our objective was to identify psychosocial variables and characteristics associated with default among cancer patients. A total of 467 consecutive adult cancer patients attending the oncology clinic at a single academic medical centre completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and reported their preference for psychological support at baseline, 4-6 weeks and 12-18 months follow-up. Default was defined as refusal, delay or discontinuation of treatment or visit, despite the ability to do so. A total of 159 of 467 (34.0%) cancer patients were defaulters. Of these 159 defaulters, 89 (56.0%) desired psychological support, compared to only 13 (4.2%) of 308 non-defaulters. Using a logistic regression, patients who were defaulters had 52 times higher odds (P = 0.001; 95% confidence interval 20.61-134.47) of desiring psychological support than non-defaulters after adjusting for covariates. These findings suggest that defaulters should be offered psychological support which may increase cancer treatment acceptance rates and improve survival.
Study site: Oncology clinic, University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance*
Fulltext Assessing mobile technology use and mHealth acceptance among HIV-positive men who have sex with men and transgender women in Malaysia

Krishnan A, Weikum D, Cravero C, Kamarulzaman A, Altice FL

PLoS One, 2021;16(3):e0248705.
PMID: 33755693 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248705

BACKGROUND: Mobile health (mHealth) can be beneficial in monitoring the complex healthcare regimen for people with HIV that includes adhering to medication and refraining from risky practices such as unsafe sex and injection drug use. Not only is mHealth often implemented without appropriate feasibility and acceptability research, but there is limited mHealth research among key HIV-positive populations such as men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW).
METHODS: This study assessed access to and use of mobile technology and acceptability of mHealth among 150 HIV-positive MSM and TGW who were prescribed antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Malaysia-an emerging economy with rapid telecommunications growth and societal stigma against these groups.
RESULTS: Findings among the 114 MSM and 36 TGW reveal high levels of depression (42%), stigma (2.53/4.00) and risky sexual behavior (30%), and suboptimal ART adherence (22%). On the other hand, the sample had excellent access to smartphones (75.3%) and the internet (78%), and had high acceptance of mHealth especially for those with suboptimal ART adherence.
CONCLUSION: In settings like Malaysia where homosexuality and cross-dressing are socially and legally stigmatized, HIV prevention and treatment strategies delivered using an mHealth platform have the potential to overcome in-person barriers.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance*
Fulltext Factors associated with adherence to medication among depressed patients from Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study

Al Jumah K, Hassali MA, Al Qhatani D, El Tahir K

Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat, 2014;10:2031-7.
PMID: 25378929 DOI: 10.2147/NDT.S71697

Several studies have investigated the factors associated with adherence to antidepressants, with inconsistent conclusions. However, no similar study has investigated this issue among patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder in Saudi Arabia. The aim of this study is to explore patients' adherence to antidepressant medications, and the factors associated with adherence.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance
Fulltext A patient who refused medical advice: the doctor and the patient should look for a common ground

Tong SF, Chen R

Malays Fam Physician, 2007;2(3):110-3.
PMID: 25606096 MyJurnal

Treatment refusal is a common encounter in clinical practice. The process of deciding to refuse treatment is often complex. It is our responsibility to try and understand this process of decision making and the underlying reasons for treatment refusal. Many of these reasons are often rational in the context where the decision is made. The patients could be making the best decision for themselves even if these decisions are not necessarily the best in our mind. We should at all times discuss our treatment options and assess their ability to make decisions in achieving common goals. These goals should balance our best treatment strategies and the patients' best interest. This article discusses the reasons underlying treatment refusal and how we can achieve a common goal with our patients.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance
Treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis [duplicate3]

Rajahram SG

Journal of the Malaya Branch of the British Medical Association, 1941;5:41-4.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance
Immunisation issues in patient with mucopolysaccharidosis: A case report

Naur OM, Anggraini A, Indraswari BW, Wandita S, Wibowo T, Haksari EL

Med J Malaysia, 2020 05;75(Suppl 1):51-52.
PMID: 32471969

Young patients, especially infants with Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) have increased risk of recurrent upper and lower respiratory tract infections. A complete schedule of immunisations is crucial to protect children from life-threatening infections. However, in most cases, they often miss scheduled vaccinations due to many factors. This case report describes issues in administering routine immunisations to infants with MPS. It is vital to recognise the indications and contraindications of vaccinations for patients with MPS although all vaccines need detailed study to investigate their safety and immunogenicity. Furthermore, regular educational programs are essential for both parents and health providers.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance
Fulltext Interceptive Correction of Anterior Crossbite Using Short-Span Wire-Fixed Orthodontic Appliance: A Report of Three Cases

Sockalingam SNMP, Khan KAM, Kuppusamy E

Case Rep Dent, 2018;2018:4323945.
PMID: 29854482 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4323945

Anterior crossbite is relatively a common presentation in the mixed dentition stage. If left untreated, it can lead to a host of problems and may complicate future orthodontic treatment. One of the major difficulties in performing anterior crossbite correction in young children is treatment compliance. In most cases, poor compliance is due to the unacceptability of the removable appliance used. This article describes three cases of successful correction of anterior crossbite of patients in mixed dentition using short-span wire-fixed orthodontic appliances. This sectional appliance provides an alternative method of correcting anterior crossbite of dental origin and offers many advantages compared to the use of removable appliances.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance
Fulltext Barriers and motivation factors towards treatment compliance from the perspective of defaulted tuberculosis patients in Kuala Lumpur

Noorsuzana Mohd Shariff, Shamsul Azhar Shah, Fadzilah Kamaludin

Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2017;15(1):75-87.
MyJurnal

There is a large volume of published studies describing the adverse relationship between treatment non-adherence with tuberculosis treatment outcome. Non-adherence could result in increased risks of prolonged infectiousness, drug resistance, relapse cases and poor survival among tuberculosis patients. Nevertheless, few studies are to be found providing detailed on the reason of defaulting treatment among tuberculosis patients in Malaysia. Hence the goal of this paper is to find out the barriers and motivations factors that affect patients’ treatment compliance among our local tuberculosis patients. This is a qualitative study which included 12 in-depth interviews with tuberculosis non-compliance patients who were treated at Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Kuala Lumpur. All the conversations were recorded, transcribed and analysed by using thematic analysis. It was found that low knowledge, self-negative attitudes, traditional believes, negative perceptions towards health caregiver, drug side effects, stigma, financial problems, less family support and work commitments are the barriers that prevent the patients from religiously taking their anti-tuberculosis treatment. Meanwhile, factors that encourage them to continue their treatment were the believes of bad effects of the disease onto their lives and health, good relationship between patient and health caregiver and social support from people around them. In conclusion, non-adherence involved a dynamic influence of individual, socio-economic and treatment-related factors on the patients. The results presented here may facilitate improvement in the activities in promoting compliance among tuberculosis patients in the future which tailored to the patients’ specific needs.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance
Effect of visual distraction on pain in adults undergoing colonoscopy: a meta-analysis

Zhang YY, Vimala R, Chui PL, Hilmi IN

Surg Endosc, 2023 Apr;37(4):2633-2643.
PMID: 36369410 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-022-09724-7

BACKGROUND: Pain is a contributing factor to the low compliance rate for performing a colonoscopy on screening for colorectal cancer.
PURPOSE: This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of visual distraction on adults undergoing colonoscopy.
METHODS: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library Database from their inception to February 2022. Randomized controlled trials comparing visual distraction with non-visual distraction were considered for inclusion. The fixed-effects and random-effects models were used to pool the data from individual studies and the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool was used to determine the methodology quality.
RESULTS: This meta-analysis included four studies (N = 301) for pain level and total procedure time, three studies (N = 181) for satisfaction score, three studies (N = 196) for anxiety level, and four studie (N = 402) for willingness to repeat the procedure. The pooled analysis shown that significantly lower pain levels (SMD, - 0.25; 95% CI - 0.47 to - 0.02; P = 0.03), higher satisfaction score with the procedure (SMD, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.33 to 0.93; P

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance
Perceptions Toward Exercise or Mindful Exercise Participation Among Patients With Primary Osteoporosis: A Qualitative Study

Lyu FF, Ramoo V, Chui PL, Ng CG

Clin Nurs Res, 2024 Jan;33(1):40-50.
PMID: 37970808 DOI: 10.1177/10547738231198561

Exercise is significantly beneficial for patients with osteoporosis. However, physiological and psychological factors such as pain and kinesiophobia prevent patients from participating in exercise. Therefore, it is important to understand how these patients perceive participation in exercise. This qualitative study was conducted in China using conventional content analysis. Using a purposeful sampling method, 17 patients with primary osteoporosis were recruited. Data were collected through a semi-structured interview and managed using ATLAS.ti 21. Nine generic categories were developed from 26 subcategories and two main categories were identified: Barriers and facilitators, support systems, network resources, positive emotions, and reactions were the facilitators for exercise in this study. In addition, mindful exercise was positively viewed by the patients. Inefficient awareness, weak support systems, and burdens were identified as barriers. To improve compliance in clinical practice, targeted exercise protocols should be developed for patients based on these perceptions.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance
Fulltext Dietary compliance, dietary supplementation and traditional remedy usage of type 2 diabetic patients with and without cardiovascular disease

Tan MC, Ng OC, Wong TW, Joseph A, Hejar AR, Rushdan AA

Clin Nutr Res, 2015 Jan;4(1):18-31.
PMID: 25713789 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2015.4.1.18

This analytical cross-sectional study examined the nutrient intakes, dietary compliance, dietary supplementation and traditional remedy usage in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients from selected tertiary hospitals in multi-racial Malaysia. We compared the different characteristics of T2DM patients with and without cardiovascular disease (CVD). Socio-demographic status, dietary intakes, dietary supplementation, traditional remedy use, medical history, anthropometric measurements and clinical characteristics were obtained from face-to-face interviews. A total of 313 patients who were treated for T2DM participated in this study, in which 36.1% of them had CVD. The mean age of study subjects was 55.7 ± 9.2 years; mean diabetes duration was 10.1 ± 8.1 years; 52.1% were females; and 47.0% were Malays. The mean total energy intake of the subjects was 1674 ± 694 kcal/day, and patients with CVD consumed higher total calories (p = 0.001). Likewise, the mean carbohydrate, protein and total fat intake of CVD patients were significantly higher than non-CVD patients (p < 0.05), while mean intakes of cholesterol, fibre, minerals and all vitamins were comparable between CVD and non-CVD patients. Regardless of CVD status, a notably high proportion of the subjects did not meet the recommendations of the Medical Nutrition Therapy Guidelines for Type 2 Diabetes for total energy, carbohydrate, protein, total fat, and fibre intakes. Meanwhile, 52.4% used at least one dietary supplement and 12.1% took single traditional remedy or in various combinations. Traditional remedies and supplement intake did not differ between CVD and non-CVD subjects. It is suggested that T2DM patients should be educated based on their personalized dietary intake, dietary supplementation and traditional remedy usage. The recommendations for T2DM patients shall be met to achieve the optimal metabolic goals and minimize the potential diabetic complications.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance*
Fulltext Habits of contact lens wearers toward lens care in Malaysia

Bhandari M, Hung PR

Med J Malaysia, 2012 Jun;67(3):274-7.
PMID: 23082416 MyJurnal

The purpose to do this research was to find out the habits of contact lens wearers towards lens care in this country, and to evaluate the compliance of contact lens wearers.
METHODS: All respondents underwent an interview regarding questionnaire which was carried out at the Klang Valley and Sabah, Malaysia by trained bilingual optometrists. The questionnaire was obtained from a study by Yvonne Wu et al., 2010. The questionnaire included information about respondents' demographics, contact lens hygiene behaviors and attitudes toward lens care. Comparison between groups and certain factors of lens care were analyzed.
RESULTS: Within the 100 respondents, 74% were female. The majority used monthly disposable lens (53%, 53/100), 35% (35/100) wore daily lens, 3% (3/100) wore biweekly disposable lens, 8% (8/100) wore quarter-yearly (3 months) lens, and only a participant (1%) used conventional lenses. The major non-compliance aspect that found out from this research were poor lens case (46%), inadequate cleaning of lens before storing (38%) and wearers not remembering how often they were advised to return for an aftercare (24%).
CONCLUSION: The poor lens care hygiene, inadequate cleaning of lens before storing may due to lack of proper advice to the contact lens wearers during examination or lack of awareness of aftercare visit.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance*
Non-attendance to the paediatric clinics in a Malaysian tertiary hospital: a sizeable problem and identification of an efficacious intervention

Jamil MT, Ismail NZ, Zulkifli AB, Majid NA, Van Rostenberghe H

J Paediatr Child Health, 2011 Jun;47(6):346-9.
PMID: 21309884 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1754.2010.01989.x

AIM: To determine the rate, causes and risk factors of non-attendance to the paediatric clinic in a tertiary hospital in Malaysia and to determine the efficacy of one telephone call to confirm a new appointment.
METHODS: For all non-attending patients, during a 2-month period, a pro forma was filled up based on patients' records. During a phone call, additional questions were asked, and a new appointment was offered.
RESULTS: Of 1563 patients who had an appointment, 497 (31.8%) were non-attendees. Weather conditions, the sub-specialty and timing (morning or afternoon) had a significant effect on non-attendance. Forgetfulness was the main cause. Only 160 patients could be successfully contacted. Among the contactable patients, 55 already had an appointment, and 10 had reasons not to get a new appointment. Of the 95 remaining patients, 73 (76.8%) attended the new appointment.
CONCLUSION: The non-attendance rate was high. One telephone call had a reasonable efficacy for the contactable patients, but because a high number of patients were not contactable, overall effectiveness was poor.
Study site: Paediatric clinic, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM), Kelantan, Malaysia,

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance*
Fulltext Study of Malaysian military hypertensives--therapy compliance

Supramaniam V

Med J Malaysia, 1982 Sep;37(3):249-52.
PMID: 7177007

A random sample of 102 hypertensives out of a total of 347 in the Malaysian Armed Forces were studied with regard to patient education, knowledge of hypertension and therapy compliance. It was found that for 53 percent, patient education was unsatisfactory and as a result 67 percent had inadequate knowledge of hypertension. Adherance to therapy - drug intake, weight reduction and cessation of smoking - was poor (more than 59 percent, 96 percent and 70 percent failure respectively). There was no significant difference between asymptomatically and symptomatically detected hypertensives.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance*
Fulltext Wireless Networking-Driven Healthcare Approaches in Combating COVID-19

BasheeruddinAsdaq SM, Naveen NR, Gunturu LN, Pamayyagari K, Abdullah I, Sreeharsha N, et al.

Biomed Res Int, 2021;2021:9195965.
PMID: 34977249 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9195965

Since its outbreak, the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has caused havoc on people's lives. All activities were paused due to the virus's spread across the continents. Researchers have been working hard to find new medication treatments for the COVID-19 pandemic. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that safety and self-measures play a major role in preventing the virus from spreading from one person to another. Wireless technology is playing a critical role in avoiding viral propagation. This technology mainly comprises of portable devices that assist self-isolated patients in adhering to safe precautionary measures. Government officials are currently using wireless technologies to identify infected people at large gatherings. In this research, we gave an overview of wireless technologies that assisted the general public and healthcare professionals in maintaining effective healthcare services during COVID-19. We also discussed the possible challenges faced by them for effective implementation in day-to-day life. In conclusion, wireless technologies are one of the best techniques in today's age to effectively combat the pandemic.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance/psychology
Legislation--Impact and Trends in Nutrition Labeling: A Global Overview

Kasapila W, Shaarani SM

Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr, 2016;56(1):56-64.
PMID: 24987986 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2012.710277

The need for accurate nutrition labeling on food products has never been greater. Obesity has assumed near-epidemic levels in both industrialized and emerging nations in recent years, and governments and consumer groups around the world are looking for ways to improve the nutritional choices for their citizenry while simultaneously balancing their freedom of choice through the use of nutrition labeling. Despite increasingly aggressive efforts by government and industry organizations to raise consumer awareness, though, many consumers either do not consult nutrition labels or they are not in a position to interpret the information on these labels accurately. To gain some fresh insights into nutrition labeling practices worldwide, this paper provides a review of the relevant peer-reviewed, scholarly, and government literature to describe regulations enacted to date, evolving and future trends, and the likely impact of food product labels. In this regard, the paper highlights similarities and discrepancies that exist, identifies gaps, and gives directions for the future.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance
Fulltext Minimal guided bone regeneration procedure for immediate implant placement in the esthetic zone

Kumar NS, Sowmya N, Mehta DS, Kumar PS

Dent Res J (Isfahan), 2013 Jan;10(1):98-102.
PMID: 23878571 DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.111808

The anterior maxilla presents a challenging milieu interior for ideal placement of implants because of the compromised bone quality. With the advent of intraoral bone harvesting and augmentation techniques, immediate implant placement into fresh extraction sockets have become more predictable. Immediate implant placement has numerous advantages compared to the delayed procedure including superior esthetic and functional outcomes, maintenance of soft and hard tissue integrity and increased patient compliance. This case report exhibits immediate implant placement in the maxillary esthetic zone by combining a minimal invasive autogenous block bone graft harvest technique for ensuring successful osseointegration of the implant at the extraction site.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance
Fulltext A study of unclaimed prescriptions in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM)

Kamaruzaman WS

Med J Malaysia, 1995 Dec;50(4):396-400.
PMID: 8668063

An analysis of 524 unclaimed prescriptions (which contributed 0.9% of the total prescriptions) showed that 23.8% were for vitamins, 17.7% for anti-inflammatory drugs, 16.4% medications for skin and mucous membrane and 9.9% for antibiotics. The unclaimed prescription rates varied inversely to the staff-strength working in the dispensary. Sixty-eight point nine per cent of the unclaimed drugs could be purchased at the pharmacy shops without doctor's prescription.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance
Detecting non-compliance

Md Shajahan MY

Family Physician, 1994;6:50-55.

Matched MeSH terms: Patient Compliance

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