MyMedR

Fulltext Barium enema reduction of intussusception in children

Goon Hong Kooi

Med J Malaysia, 1986 Jun;41(2):166-9.

Barium enema hydrostatic reduction was carried out for eight patients with Intussusception over a six-month period. There were five successes (62%) and three failures. There were no mortality or complications arising out of this procedure. The technique is discussed. This procedure offers many advantages over surgical reduction. However, it is not a substitute for surgery which is still indicated in the sick infants and in those where hydrostatic reduction failed.

Matched MeSH terms: Barium Sulfate/therapeutic use*

Fulltext Barium peritonitis--following barium enema of the proximal colon through a colostomy

Liew NC, Gee T, Sandra K, Gul YA

Med J Malaysia, 2003 Dec;58(5):766-8.

PMID: 15190666

Perforation with extravasation of barium is a rare complication of contrast enema examination of the large bowel with a high associated mortality rate. The experience of performing a re-laparotomy in a patient previously exposed to barium peritonitis is even less common. We describe an elderly male patient with a Hartmann's procedure performed a year previously, presenting with peritonitis following barium enema evaluation of the proximal colon via an end descending colon stoma. Emergency laparotomy, segmental bowel resection and liberal peritoneal toilet resulted in a satisfactory outcome. The patient had a subsequent successful reversal of his Hartmann's procedure nine months later despite the presence of dense barium induced adhesions. This potentially preventable iatrogenic complication is discussed in this report, which is supplemented by a brief review of the English literature.

Matched MeSH terms: Barium Sulfate/administration & dosage; Barium Sulfate/adverse effects*

Synthesis and characterization of a new vertebroplasty cement based on gold-containing PMMA microspheres

Jacobs E, Saralidze K, Roth AK, de Jong JJ, van den Bergh JP, Lataster A, et al.

Biomaterials, 2016 Mar;82:60-70.

PMID: 26751820 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.12.024

There are a number of drawbacks to incorporating large concentrations of barium sulfate (BaSO4) as the radiopacifier in PMMA-based bone cements for percutaneous vertebroplasty. These include adverse effects on injectability, viscosity profile, setting time, mechanical properties of the cement and bone resorption. We have synthesized a novel cement that is designed to address some of these drawbacks. Its powder includes PMMA microspheres in which gold particles are embedded and its monomer is the same as that used in commercial cements for vertebroplasty. In comparison to one such commercial cement brand, VertaPlex™, the new cement has longer doughing time, longer injection time, higher compressive strength, higher compressive modulus, and is superior in terms of cytotoxicity. For augmentation of fractured fresh-frozen cadaveric vertebral bodies (T6-L5) using simulated vertebroplasty, results for compressive strength and compressive stiffness of the construct and the percentage of the volume of the vertebral body filled by the cement were comparable for the two cements although the radiopacity of the new cement was significantly lower than that for VertaPlex™. The present results indicate that the new cement warrants further study.

Matched MeSH terms: Barium Sulfate/chemistry*

N2 as a root filling material--a report of 200 cases treated over a 5 yeer period

Chong LE, Jow TK

Dent J Malaysia Singapore, 1967 Oct;7(2):44-51.

PMID: 5247441

Matched MeSH terms: Barium Sulfate/therapeutic use

Cervical osteoarthropathy: an unusual cause of dysphagia

Srinivas P, George J

Age Ageing, 1999 May;28(3):321-2.

PMID: 10475873

PRESENTATION: A 72-year-old man complained of progressive dysphagia for solids associated with a sensation of foreign body in his throat for 2 years. A barium swallow showed a bridging osteophyte between C4 and C5 vertebrae indenting the oesophagus posteriorly and displacing it anteriorly.

OUTCOME: He refused surgical intervention and was given dietary advice. After 6 months, his weight was steady and he was able to swallow semi-solid food without difficulty.

Matched MeSH terms: Barium Sulfate

Congenital esophageal stenosis: report of three cases, literature review, and a proposed classification

Ramesh JC, Ramanujam TM, Jayaram G

Pediatr Surg Int, 2001 Mar;17(2-3):188-92.

PMID: 11315285

The aim of this paper is to report three cases of congenital esophageal stenosis (CES) of different anatomical varieties: (1) stenosis due to tracheobronchial remnants (TBR) involving the lower third of the esophagus; (2) fibromuscular stenosis (FMS) of the middle third; and (3) a membranous diaphragm (MD) involving the lower third. The first two patients were treated by segmental resection of the esophagus and end-to-end anastomosis with dramatic relief of symptoms. The third responded to dilatation. CES is a rare lesion, and about 500 cases are reported in the literature. CES due to TBR and fibromuscular hypertrophy is considered a segmental stenosis, as it involves a length of the esophageal wall, whereas the MD consists of mucosal folds and does not involve its muscular layer. The clinical presentation is varied, and a high index of suspicion is essential to arrive at an early diagnosis. Management depends on the type and severity of the stenosis. Stenosis due to TBR requires segmental resection. FMS may respond to dilatation, but severe degrees of stenosis require segmental excision. MDs usually respond to dilatation or may require endoscopic excision. Segmental stenosis can occur as an isolated lesion or in association with esophageal atresia or stenosis due to a MD. Based on this observation, a classification of CES is proposed.

Matched MeSH terms: Barium Sulfate

Estimation of effective dose and radiation risk in pediatric barium studies procedures

Sulieman A, Elhag B, Alkhorayef M, Babikir E, Theodorou K, Kappas C, et al.

Appl Radiat Isot, 2018 Aug;138:40-44.

PMID: 28757351 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2017.07.013

The objectives of this study are to assess pediatric radiation exposure in certain barium studies and to quantify the organ and effective doses and radiation risk resultant from patients' irradiation. A total of 69 pediatric barium studies for upper and lower gastrointestinal tract. Patients' radiation dose was quantified in terms of Entrance surface air kerma (ESAKs) using exposure parameters and DosCal software. Organ and effective doses (E) were extrapolated using national Radiological Protection Board software (NRPB-R279). The mean ± (SD) and the range of patient doses per procedure were 3.7 ± 0.4 (1.0-13.0)mGy, 7.4 ± 1.7(5.5-8.0)mGy and 1.4 ± 0.9 (0.5-3.6)mGy for barium meal, swallow and enema, respectively. The mean effective doses were 0.3 ± 0.03 (0.08-1.1)mSv, 0.2 ± 1.6 (0.44-0.7)mSv and 0.3 ± 0.9 (0.1-0.8)mSv at the same order. The radiation dose were higher compared to previous studies. Therefore, pediatrics are exposed to avoidable radiation exposure. Certain optimization measures are recommended along with establishing national diagnostic reference level (DRL) to reduce the radiation risk.

Matched MeSH terms: Barium Sulfate

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