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Fulltext Relationship between plasma cord blood zinc and infant birth weight in Fatemieh hospital, Hamadan, Iran

Mojgan, N., Sharifah Zainiyah, S.Y., Munn Sann, L., Zalilah, M.S.

Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2012;12(1):49-56.
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The relationship between zinc and infant birth weight is still contradictory and up until today there is still no research on this issue done in Iran. This unmatched case control study to evaluate the association between plasma cord blood zinc and infant birth weight at the time of delivery was carried out in the labor ward, Fatemieh Hospital, Hamadan, Iran from the 6 th December 2009 to 18 October 2010. Plasma venous cord blood zinc was measured by AtomicAbsorption Spectro-photometry (AAS) and the weight of 134 Low Birth Weight (LBW) infants (cases) and 134 normal
weight infants (control) were measured at the time of delivery. All mothers with history of chronic diseases, obstetric complications, anemia, twin pregnancy, smoking, using illicit drugs, and alcohol and infants with any obvious anomalies were excluded from this study. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16. Logistic regression was used to assess the contribution of other risk factors on infant birth weight. The result showed there was significant relationship between infant birth weight and plasma cord blood zinc. The risk of having LBW infant is more than 12 times in mothers who have severe zinc deficiency (OR=12.234,CI 95% 1.122, 133.392, p-value= 0.040). Also in mothers
who have mild to moderate zinc deficiency the risk of having LBW was more than one (OR=1.148, CI 95% 0.358, 3.900, p-value= 0.797). A significant relationship between maternal pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index (BMI) (p< 0.002), maternal weight gain during pregnancy (p< 0.021), previous LBW (p< 0.016), maternal age (p< 0.034) and parity (p< 0.004) with infant birth weight were also found. Logistic regression showed that zinc deficiency along with maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, maternal weight gain during pregnancy, previous LBW, maternal age and parity were predictors
for infant birth weight.
Fulltext t-test using STATA software

Maher D. Fuad Fuad, Munn Sann, L., Normala Ibrahim, Phang, Cheng Kar, Siti Irma Ismail, Balsam Mahdi Nasir Al-Zurfi

Education in Medicine Journal, 2015;7(2):64-70.
MyJurnal

Students-t test is the most popular statistical test. The test compares two mean values to judge if they are different or not. For small data it is possible to conduct it using manual calculation – however that is not the case. Researchers would need to use statistical software and packages to conduct their analysis. This guide will help the junior researchers to conduct independent- and paired-t test using STATA software.
Fulltext Factors associated with knowledge, attitude and practice related to hepatitis B and C among international students of Universiti Putra Malaysia

Ahmad A, Munn Sann L, Abdul Rahman H

BMC Public Health, 2016 07 21;16:611.
PMID: 27443276 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3188-5

BACKGROUND: Knowledge of hepatitis B and C has been reported to be low among respondents in different studies. We conducted a cross-sectional study among international students of Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) to ascertain their levels of knowledge, attitude and practices regarding hepatitis B and C and its associated factors.
METHODS: Six hundred and sixty two (662) international students participated in this study. A cluster sampling method was employed and data was generated using self-administered questionnaire, which was validated and its reliability checked.
RESULTS: Normality test was conducted followed by descriptive statistics, spearman's correlation and Chi-square tests to explore associations between variables in the study. The response rate was 71.49 %. Of these, 50.3 % of the respondents had better knowledge of hepatitis B; 52.7 % had better knowledge of hepatitis C; 54.8 % had positive attitude towards hepatitis B and C and 77.6 % had safer practices towards hepatitis B and C. Positive correlations were found between knowledge of hepatitis B and knowledge of hepatitis C; knowledge hepatitis B and attitude; knowledge hepatitis C and attitude; knowledge hepatitis B and practice; knowledge hepatitis C and practice; and attitude and practice regarding hepatitis B and C. Similarly, some socio-demographic variables and history of hepatitis were found to be associated with knowledge, attitude and practice related to hepatitis B and C.
CONCLUSION: The levels of knowledge and attitude towards hepatitis B and C were low among respondents but majority of them exhibited safe practices. The study level, faculty, age, nationality, marital status and gender of the respondents were significantly associated with their levels of knowledge, attitude and practices towards the disease. These findings imply that there is need for hepatitis health promotion among the international students of UPM and possibly other international students across the globe. It will serve to improve their levels of knowledge, attitude and practices in short term and get them protected against the disease in the long run.

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