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  1. Fulltext Effect of reconstruction parameters on cone beam CT trabecular bone microstructure quantification in sheep
    Muhammad AMA, Ibrahim N, Ahmad R, Asif MK, Radzi Z, Zaini ZM, et al.
    BMC Oral Health, 2020 02 10;20(1):48.
    PMID: 32041589 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-1035-7
    BACKGROUND: Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) is a reliable radiographic modality to assess trabecular bone microarchitecture. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of CBCT image reconstruction parameters, namely, the threshold value and reconstruction voxel size, on trabecular bone microstructure assessment.

    METHODS: Five sectioned maxilla of adult Dorper male sheep were scanned using a CBCT system with a resolution of 76 μm3 (Kodak 9000). The CBCT images were reconstructed using different reconstruction parameters and analysed. The effect of reconstruction voxel size (76, 100 and 200 μm3) and threshold values (±15% from the global threshold value) on trabecular bone microstructure measurement was assessed using image analysis software (CT analyser version 1.15).

    RESULTS: There was no significant difference in trabecular bone microstructure measurement between the reconstruction voxel sizes, but a significant difference (Tb.N = 0.03, Tb.Sp = 0.04, Tb.Th = 0.01, BV/TV = 0.00) was apparent when the global threshold value was decreased by 15%.

    CONCLUSIONS: Trabecular bone microstructure measurements are not compromised by changing the CBCT reconstruction voxel size. However, measurements can be affected when applying a threshold value of less than 15% of the recommended global value.

  2. A novel method of age estimation in children using three-dimensional surface area analyses of maxillary canine apices
    Asif MK, Ibrahim N, Al-Amery SM, Muhammad AMA, Khan AA, Nambiar P
    Leg Med (Tokyo), 2020 Feb 24;44:101690.
    PMID: 32135489 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2020.101690
    The study aimed to develop a novel and reliable age estimation method using three-dimensional surface area analyses of maxillary canine apices among Malaysian children using CBCT data. A validated regression equation for age estimation was derived and correlation between chronological age and the surface areas of the developing maxillary canine's apices were investigated. Variations based on ethnicities, gender and status of root development were also investigated in terms of fit to the age estimation model. CBCT images of the patients ranging in age from 7 to 14 years were included in the study. Training sample of 191 intact permanent maxillary canines was selected from 191 CBCT images belonging to 100 Malays and 91 Chinese. Moreover, an independent validation sample of 96 permanent maxillary canines was selected from 96 CBCT images belonging to 48 Malays and 48 Chinese. Three-dimensional image modeling and surface area analyses of the developing canine's apices were performed using Mimics and 3-Matics software. A strong correlation (r = 0.978) was observed between chronological age and surface area of the developing maxillary canine's apices. 95.6% of the variation in age can be explained by surface area of canine's apices, gender and status of the root development (open/closed apices). However, ethnicity did not contributed to the fit of age estimation model. Female showed advanced development as compared to male. Mean absolute error values indicated that this newly developed 3D surface area analyses of canine apex can be used as a reliable method for age estimation among Malaysian children.
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