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  1. Fulltext A clinical update on metformin and lung cancer in diabetic patients
    Gupta G, de Jesus Andreoli Pinto T, Chellappan DK, Mishra A, Malipeddi H, Dua K
    Panminerva Med, 2018 Jun;60(2):70-75.
    PMID: 29370676 DOI: 10.23736/S0031-0808.18.03394-3
    Diabetes mellitus (DM) is frequently increased in many countries and become a serious health problem worldwide. Diabetes is associated with dysfunction of different organs such as heart, eyes, blood vessels, nerves, and kidneys. There is a strong connection between diabetes and cancer. Metformin is one of the most commonly prescribed oral antidiabetic medicines and it is suggested as the first-line therapy due to its comparatively safe, inexpensive, effective and well-tolerated. Some of the in vitro and in vivo investigations proved that metformin may have a direct anticancer action by preventing the proliferation of malignant cells and formations of the colony, inducing arrest of cell cycle and apoptosis and suppressing tumor growth. The antiproliferative mechanism of metformin alone or in combination with various chemotherapeutic agents is complex and involves several beneficial roles. In this regard, clinical studies are required to explain these roles. In the coming future, the use of metformin, alone or in combination with current chemotherapy, might be a conventional approach to effectually manage lung cancer. This mini-review provides a critical overview of currently available clinical trials investigating the effects of metformin in lung cancer.
  2. Identification of Phytoconstituents of Tragia Involucrata leaf Extracts and Evaluate their Correlation with Anti-inflammatory & Antioxidant Properties
    Velu V, Banerjee S, Radhakrishnan V, Gupta G, Chellappan DK, Fuloria NK, et al.
    Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem, 2021;20(3):308-315.
    PMID: 33573582 DOI: 10.2174/1871523020666210126144506
    AIMS: The present investigation was aimed at exploring the phytoconstituents using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy and to evaluate antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of the leaf extracts.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: The extracts were obtained sequentially with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and water using Soxhlet apparatus. The anti-inflammatory property of the identified compounds using GC- MS spectroscopy was evaluated in silico. The antioxidant activity was performed by DPPH and H2O2 method whereas anti-inflammatory study was carried out by HRBC membrane stabilization method. Terpenoids were found to be a major constituents in petroleum ether extract while, phenols and flavonoids were predominantly found in ethyl acetate extract.

    RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The GC-MS analysis of the extract revealed six major molecules including Squalene, 19β, 28-epoxyleanan-3-ol and 2-tu-Butyl-5-chloromethyl-3-methyl-4-oxoimidazolidine- 1-carboxylic acid. The ethyl acetate extract showed a significant antioxidant activity (P<0.01) in both DPPH method (70.87%) and H2O2 method (73.58%) at 200 μg mL-1. Increased membrane stabilization of petroleum ether extract was observed in the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity study. A strong relationship between the terpenoid content and anti-inflammatory activity was obtained from the correlation (0.971) and docking study.

    CONCLUSION: These results justify T. involucrata to be a rich source of terpenoids with potent anti- inflammatory property.

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