Anaerobic composting is a promising method to fully transform food wastes into useful
materials such as biofertilizer and biogas. In this study, the optimum proportions of food
wastes containing vegetable, fruit and meat wastes with dry leaves or cow manure for
composting were determined using the simplex centroid design and response optimizer.
The effectiveness of the pilot-scale composting process was evaluated based on the targeted
compost quality of C/N ratio at 21, pH value at 8 and electrical conductivity of 1 dS/m.
Food wastes composting formulation with dry leaves suggested high percentage of dry
leaves, 86.9% with low food wastes composition of 13.1% constituted by vegetable waste
(1.1%), fruit waste (4.9%) and meat waste (7.1%). With cow manure formulation, only
6% of cow manure was recommended with
another 94.0% of food wastes contributed
by a fair mix of vegetable waste (23.2%),
fruit waste (34.3%) and meat waste (36.5%).
The developed regression models were
experimentally validated with predicted
responses obtained in acceptable ranges for
C/N ratio (21.2 - 21.8), pH (7.92 - 7.99) and
electrical conductivity (0.97 - 1.03 dS/m).
A mandatory self-quarantine is necessary for those who return from overseas or any red zone areas. It is important that the self-quarantine is conducted without the non-adherence issue occurring and causes the self-quarantine individual to be the carrier of the COVID-19 in the community. To navigate and resolve this issue, most countries have implemented a series of COVID-19 monitoring and tracing systems. However, there are some restrictions and limitation which can lead to intentional non-adherence. The quarantined individuals can still travel within the community by removing the wristband or simply providing an incorrect contact status in the tracing application. In this paper, a novel configuration for mandatory self-quarantine system is proposed. It will enable interaction between the wearable and contact tracing technologies to ensure that the authorities have total control of the system. The hardware of the proposed system in the wearable device is low in cost, lightweight and safe to use for the next user after the quarantine is completed. The software (software and database) that linked between the quarantine user and normal user utilizes edge artificial intelligence (AI) for reporting and flagging mechanisms.