Hoisting is an essential aspect of Industrial Building System (IBS) construction. Although research on hoisting safety in China has made strides to focus on "worker," "data," "task," "site," and "accident," there still needs to be more approaches based on multi-dimensional social system thinking. Therefore, the paper aims to fill this gap. We investigated 105 hoisting accidents in China and found that hoisting accidents occurred most frequently in China's southeast coastal region; truck-mounted cranes and tower cranes were the most common types of machinery involved in accidents; hoisting load off, capsizing of crane machinery, and workers falling from height are the three most common accident types; the average impact of a single hoisting accident is approximately RMB 2.43 million direct economic loss, 1.543 deaths and 0.829 injured. This study used three algorithms (Rindge regression, Lasson regression, and partial least squares regression) to explore the impact of deaths and injuries on direct economic losses. By combining Rasmussen's risk framework with the characteristics of hoisting construction, six risk domains and thirty-six safety risk factors were identified. Finally, we used AcciMap technology to construct a qualitative IBS hoisting management model, which exhaustively presents the systematic levels and propagation paths of the influencing factors by the PDCA method. The research helps academics explore strategies to improve the safety of hoisting construction in IBS. Moreover, the study outcomes can inform the policy-making process towards promoting healthy and sustainable construction development.
Occupational injuries in the construction industry have plagued many countries, and many cases have shown that accidents often occur because of a combination of project participants. Assembled construction (AC) projects have received extensive attention from Chinese scholars as a future trend, but few studies have explored the interrelationships and potential risks of various stakeholders in depth. This study fills this research gap by proposing a multi-stakeholder AC risk framework. The study surveyed 396 stakeholders, then analyzed the collected data and created a risk framework based on Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) and the CRITIC weighting method. The results revealed that factors like "regular supervision is a formality," "blindly approving the wrong safety measures," and "failure to organize effective safety education and training." are vital risks in AC of China. Finally, the study validates the risk factors and the framework with 180 real-life cases, which shows that the proposed framework is theoretically grounded and realistic. The study also suggests multi-level strategies such as introducing AI-based automated risk monitoring, improving the adaptability of normative provisions to technological advances, and advancing the culture of project communities of interest to ensure AC's safe practices.
Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) utilizing saphenous vein grafts (SVGs) stands as a fundamental approach to surgically treating coronary artery disease. However, the long-term success of CABG is often compromised by the development of intimal hyperplasia (IH) and subsequent graft failure. Understanding the mechanisms underlying this pathophysiology is crucial for improving graft patency and patient outcomes. Objectives: This study aims to explore the potential of an ex vivo model utilizing SVG to investigate IH and re-endothelialization. Methods: A thorough histological examination of 15 surplus SVG procured from CABG procedures at Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, Malaysia, was conducted to establish their baseline characteristics. Results: SVGs exhibited a mean diameter of 2.65 ± 0.93 mm with pre-existing IH averaging 0.42 ± 0.13 mm in thickness, alongside an observable lack of luminal endothelial cell lining. Analysis of extracellular matrix components, including collagen, elastin, and glycosaminoglycans, at baseline and after 7 days of ex vivo culture revealed no significant changes in collagen but demonstrated increased percentages of elastin and glycosaminoglycans. Despite unsuccessful attempts at re-endothelialization with blood outgrowth endothelial cells, the established ex vivo SVG IH model underscores the multifaceted nature of graft functionality and patency, characterized by IH presence, endothelial impairment, and extracellular matrix alterations post-CABG. Conclusions: The optimized ex vivo IH model provides a valuable platform for delving into the underlying mechanisms of IH formation and re-endothelialization of SVG. Further refinements are warranted, yet this model holds promise for future research aimed at enhancing graft durability and outcomes for CAD patients undergoing CABG.
Zika virus (ZIKV) has had a history in Malaysia since its first isolation in 1966. However, it is believed that the immunity status among forest fringe communities has been underreported. We conducted cross-sectional surveillance of forest fringe communities from 10 Orang Asli villages and their peripheral communities in Perak, Pahang, and Sabah in Malaysia. A total of 706 samples were collected from 2019 to 2020 and screened for ZIKV exposure using an anti-ZIKV IgG ELISA kit. A neutralization assay against ZIKV was used to confirm the reactive samples. The seroprevalence results reported from the study of this population in Malaysia were 21.0% (n = 148, 95% CI, 0.183-0.273) after confirmation with a foci reduction neutralization test. The presence of neutralizing antibodies provides evidence that the studied forest fringe communities in Malaysia have been exposed to ZIKV. Multivariate analysis showed that those older than 44 years and those with an education below the university level had been exposed significantly to ZIKV. In addition, higher seropositivity rates to ZIKV were also reported among secondary school students from Bentong (Pahang) and residents from Segaliud (Sabah). No associations were identified between Zika seropositivity and gender, household size, house radius to the jungle, and income level. The presence of neutralizing antibodies against ZIKV among the study population might indicate that the causative pathogen had already circulated widely in forest fringe regions. Intervention for vector control, protection from mosquito bites, and awareness improvement should be encouraged in this population.