This article summarises the current methods for total malachite green (MG) detection which is known as a sum of MG and leuco-malachite green (LMG) that has been used extensively in aquaculture as fungicide, dye color in textile and other purposes in food industries. LMG is a reducing form of MG, where the MG is easily reduced due to the photo-oxidative de-methylation process. Nevertheless, the use of MG had become an issue due to its toxicity effects. Many analytical instruments such as HPLC, LC—MS/MS, GC—MS, and spectrometry have been widely used for detection of MG. However, these methods require long time sample preparation and analysis, expensive, use hazardous reagents and indirect measurements. Hence, other analytical methods which are more sensitive, safe, rapid, inexpensive and portable are required. Alternatively, biosensors promise a more sensitive and rapid detection method for MG and LMG.
Mycobacteria mucogenicum (M. mucogenicum) is a rarely isolated pathogen. It has emerged as a significant pathogen in immunocompromised patients including those with cancer, organ transplant, or patients on immunosuppressive medication. Chemotherapy may reduce the ability of the bone marrow of these to respond to infection, and patients will be at risk for neutropenic sepsis, which leads to fatal complications. Here, we report a case of an 18-year-old boy was seen at Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II, Kelantan with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) who presented with catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) caused by M. mucogenicum. He succumbed due to neutropenic sepsis with multiorgan failure.