The force in the pencak silat jejag kick is called the moment of force or torque. The force moment is a measure of the force that can cause an object to rotate around the axis where the axis of rotation is located at the knee joint with the length of the calf as the length of the arm (the radius of the rotation axis). This research was conducted using laboratory biomechanical analysis. The research sample consisted of three male athletes of pencak silat. Previously, anthropometric measurements were carried out in the form of measuring calf length and calf muscle mass, then taking videos of athletes doing jejag kick movements in a static state with targets, which were then analyzed by kinovea. Research results showed that the technique of the jejag kick pencak silat produces a force called the moment of force or torque. Sample 1 produces a force moment of -12.00 Nm, sample 2 produces -5.53 Nm, and sample 3 produces -8.73 (negative sign means the direction of the pencak silat jejag kick is counterclockwise). The magnitude of the force moment is influenced by the angle of knee extension and the radius of the rotation axis. The amount of force moment affects the kick speed. In the speed of a movement, there is a tendency to keep moving, which is called the moment of inertia. The fasterthe movement, the greater the moment of inertia. The result is a force moment, influenced by the rotational kinetic energy that is owned and requires effort. Every effort is made to produce a force moment; it takes power to drive the effort. This means that the greater the angle of extension and the longer the calf, the greater the force moment, the faster the kick speed, and the greater the moment of inertia. This requires a large amount of rotational kinetic energy, effort, and power.
This study is aimed to evaluate the obesity level and promote a healthy lifestyle among students at Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris, Perak. Fifteen male and fifteen female undergraduate students aged between 19 years to 24 years from each faculty of university Pendidikan Sultan Idris are randomly selected as samples (n=270). The Body Mass Index (BMI) and modified questionnaires by Burton (1999) are used as instruments for this study. Analysis showed that 15.9% of the respondents are overweight, 23.7% are in pre-obese level, 27.8% are in obese level one and 3.7% respondents are in obese level two. T-test analysis of independent samples was used to determine the level of knowledge and a healthy lifestyle among male and female students. The results showed that there is no significant difference between male and female students in the levels of healthy lifestyle practices with p = 0.089 (p> 0.05); the level of a healthy lifestyle practices among males (M = 71.57, SD = 8:42) have almost the same mean with females (M = 70.05, SD = 6:00). Furthermore, the findings indicate that the scores on the levels of knowledge on healthy lifestyle for male students is (M = 79.09, SD = 7:38), while the mean score for female students is (M = 76.95, SD = 8:59) with p = 0.028 (p <0.05). On comparing the means of the scores on the levels of knowledge on healthy lifestyle, the male students scored higher than the female students. It turns out there is a difference between male and female students in terms of the level of knowledge on healthy lifestyle. The study found that the respondents have a good knowledge on healthy lifestyle, but lack practice in daily life. This is an unpleasant indication because Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris students are facing the risk of cardiovascular-related diseases caused by obesity and a sedentary lifestyle.
Study site: Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI), Perak, Malaysia
Low-back pain (LBP) is one of the most current causes to reduce work performance, limit daily activities and raising health cost, and it is in-creasing as obesity growing as a public health concern. While obese LBP people cannot avoid weight load on the spine in any exercise, they can easily carry out exercise in water. This study aimed to investigate the effect of aquatic exercise on LBP disability among obese women. In this study, a total of 39 women with body mass index (BMI)≥27 kg/m2 who suffering from nonspecific chronic LBP were purposively selected. They randomly assigned in two groups; aquatic and control. The aquatic group carried out aquatic exercise, twice per week, 60 min per session, for 12 weeks. LBP disability was measured using modified Oswestry questionnaire with ten sections; pain intensity, personal care, lifting, walking, sitting, standing, sleeping, social life, traveling, and employment. Results showed no significant difference in age, weight, BMI, waist to hip ratio, and percentage of body fat in both groups. An analyzing of multivariate analysis of covariance revealed that there was significant improvement on pain intensity, personal care, sitting, standing, sleeping, employment and total disability score in aquatic group, while there was no significant difference in lifting, walking, social life, and traveling abilities after 12 weeks between the groups. As a conclusion, this progressive aquatic exercise was a convenience and effective intervention program to reduce pain intensity, and improve personal care, sitting, standing, sleeping, and employment abilities in obese LBP women.