Introduction: In the present scenario there are many qualified nursing human resources with flawless emotional personality but with errors in job accomplishment, lack of accuracy and delays in working completion, low working motivation, as well as careless and insincere working. The qualified nursing human resources must consist of nurses with a passion for work and with creativity. They must be proactive, with great deal of warmth and smiles. Based on the required nursing competences, it is found that the on-duty nurses should acquire several vital proficiencies such as leadership qualities, proper working procedures, interpersonal/soft skills, and environmental control. Soft skills may be developed and improved through various ways like trainings, modification of the environment, and with appropri- ate nursing education. Methods: The research population consists of 18 master's degree nursing students of a hospital divided into a control and experimental group (total sampling), and 47 on-duty nurses who are collected through a random sampling technique. Results: The results of the present study show that the implementation of transformation- al leadership model is effective to improve nurses' soft skills in terms of self-assurance, communication, compliance, teamwork, precision, discipline and problem solving. There were also noteworthy changes after the model imple- mentations based on 1st month and 2nd month and then on those at 1st month and 3rd month. Conclusion: The Soft Skills-Based Transformational leadership model is highly applicable in nursing care units of all hospitals to meet the challenges of the world in improving human resources by means of improvement of performance. With respect to soft skills and intrapersonal skills as well as the frequently neglected nurses' daily activities and portfolio worksheets are highly effective in dealing with the model applications.
Introduction: Musculoskeletal Disorder (MSD) is an injury that affects the movement of human body systems such as muscles, tendons, ligaments, nerves, blood vessels, and others. The prevalence of MSDs in Indonesia is 11.9% based on diagnosis and 24.7% based on symptoms. MSDs prevalence is 31.2% based on employment among farm- ers, fishermen, and workers. Methods: The design of this study has been included in observational research using a quantitative approach with Cross-Sectional study. Results: MSDs can appear based on gender, age, educational status, and non-medical supporting professions. Older workers tend to be at risk of developing MSDs complaints. Conclusion: To reduce the risk of complaints, work facilities such as ergonomic chairs and tables can be provided along with extension of work intervals. Workers must take advantage of good rest periods. There is no relationship between work tenure and MSDs complaints. If the working period is long, then it can cause boredom and the endur- ance of muscles as well as bones physically.