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Fulltext Ten - year Cardiovascular Disease Risk amongst workers in a tertiary healthcare institution in Kuala Lumpur

Norfazilah Ahmad, Santhna Letchmi Panduragan, Yee,San Khor, Kalaiarasan Gemini, Nur Atikah Bahrin, Nur Husnina Azhar, et al.

Borneo Epidemiology Journal, 2020;1(1):35-45.
MyJurnal

Strategising, which is an effective workplace intervention to curb cardiovascular disease (CVD), requires understanding of the CVD risk related to a specific working population. The Framingham Risk Score (FRS) is widely used in predicting the ten-year CVD risk of various working populations. This study aimed to use FRS to determine the ten-year CVD risk amongst workers in a tertiary healthcare setting and its associated factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted on workers who participated in the special health check programme at the staff clinic of a tertiary healthcare institution in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. A set of data sheets was used to retrieve the workers’ sociodemographic and CVD risk information. The prevalence of high, moderate and low ten-year CVD risk was 12.8%, 20.0% and 67.2%, respectively. Workers in the high-risk group were older [mean age: 54.81 (standard deviation, 5.72) years], male (44%), smokers (72.7%) and having hyperglycaemia (46.7%) and hypertriglyceridemia [median triglycerides: 1.75 (interquartile range, 1.45) mmol/L]. Diastolic blood pressure (aOR 1.07, 95% CI: 1.01,1.14), hyperglycaemia (aOR 8.80, 95% CI: 1.92,40.36) and hypertriglyceridemia (aOR 4.45, 95% CI: 1.78,11.09) were significantly associated with high ten-year CVD risk. Diastolic blood pressure (aOR 1.08, 95% CI: 1.03,1.13) and hypertriglyceridemia (aOR 2.51, 95% CI: 1.12-5.61) were significantly associated with moderate ten-year CVD risk. The prevalence of high and moderate ten-year CVD risk was relatively high. Amongst the workers in the high-risk group, they were older, male, smokers and with high fasting blood sugar and triglyceride. Understanding the ten-year CVD risk and its associated factors could be used to plan periodic workplace health assessment and monitor to prevent CVD

Matched MeSH terms: Fasting
Fulltext Assessment of clinical, risk factors profile and clinical pharmacist care services on management and prevention of coronary artery disease complications among diabetic patients in a tertiary care hospital practice

Abbavannagari Bharath Kumar, Marakanam Srinivasan Umashankar, Sandeep Podda

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(3):21-28.
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Introduction: Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease and noted to be incidence is intensifying globally and contem- plated as epidemic. The study is aimed to assess the coronary artery disease risk profile associated diabetes mellitus patient and to identify the clinical pharmacist care services in the management and to control the risk burden in the clinical practice. Method: A prospective observational study was conducted among the consecutive patients of coronary artery disease associated diabetic patients in a tertiary care teaching hospital over 6 months period. A sam- ple of 150 patients was recruited in the study. Data analysis was done with graph pad prism software 5.01. Results: The present study revealed that coronary artery disease in diabetes was more prevalent in age group between 41-50 years. About 54.66% patients with hyperlipidemia were at risk to develop the coronary artery disease complication. Glycated hemoglobin test was detected in 40% of the patient showing abnormal levels and around 43.33% of patient had an abnormal fasting blood sugar level. The study showed only 32% of patients was prescribed Insulin & oral hy- poglycemic agents and 13 % were treated with statins. Conclusion: It could be concluded that the causative factors should be controlled and treated with an early need for amalgamation of clinical pharmacist care services with the health care team on life style modification counseling could ultimately improve the patient health outcomes and also lowers progression of coronary artery disease risk complications among diabetic patients.

Matched MeSH terms: Fasting
Fulltext Evaluation of dietary quality using Malaysian healthy eating index and its relationships with cardiometabolic risk factors in Malaysian adolescents

Geeta Appannah, Nor Aishah Emi, Nur Athira Ahmad Yusin, Wan Ying Gan, Zalilah Mohd Shariff, Nurainul Hana Shamsuddin, et al.

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(106):46-55.
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Introduction: This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate relationships between diet quality assessed by Malay- sian Healthy Eating Index (HEI) and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents aged 13 years. Methods: 336 ado- lescents from various public secondary schools provided information on sociodemography and their anthropometric measurements including height (cm), weight (kg) and waist circumference (cm) were measured. Body mass index (BMI) was estimated thereafter. Dietary intakes assessed using a validated adolescent food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to estimate Malaysian HEI. Biomarker parameters including lipid profile, fasting glucose, insulin and insulin resistance were also assessed. Associations of diet quality indicators to cardiometabolic risk factors were examined using regression models. Results: The overall diet quality of the adolescents was rather poor (49%), with a greater percentage of males were found to have low dietary quality score compared to females (56% vs. 39%; p

Matched MeSH terms: Fasting
Fulltext Descriptive Regional Subanalysis of a Real-World Study in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Treated with Gliclazide MR During Fasting: DIA-RAMADAN

Hassanein M, Al Sifri S, Shaikh S, Raza SA, Akram J, Rudijanto A, et al.

Diabetes Ther, 2021 Jun;12(6):1703-1719.
PMID: 33974216 DOI: 10.1007/s13300-021-01067-1

INTRODUCTION: To analyse the safety and effectiveness of gliclazide modified release (MR) in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus participating in Ramadan from three geographically and culturally different regions of the world included in the DIA-RAMADAN study.
METHODS: DIA-RAMADAN was a real-world, observational, international, non-comparative study. The global study population was divided into three regional subgroups, with data gathered at inclusion 6-8 weeks prior to Ramadan (V0), during Ramadan (4.5 weeks) and 4-6 weeks after Ramadan (V1). Primary endpoint was the proportion of patients reporting ≥ 1 symptomatic hypoglycaemic events (HE), which were collected using a patient diary along with other adverse events.
RESULTS: Patient numbers from the three regions were n = 564 (46.5%; Indian sub-continent), n = 354 (29.1%; Middle East) and n = 296 (24.4%; South-East Asia). Patient baseline characteristics, demographics, fasting habits and antidiabetic treatments varied between regions. There were similar proportions of symptomatic HE between regions, with no severe HE. Significant weight reductions were observed in all regions following Ramadan, along with reductions in HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose.
CONCLUSION: These real-world study data indicate that gliclazide MR is safe and effective for management of type 2 diabetes during Ramadan in all three regions studied as part of DIA-RAMADAN.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT04132934. INFOGRAPHIC.

Matched MeSH terms: Fasting
Fulltext A randomised controlled trial of a facebook-based physical activity intervention for government employees with metabolic syndrome

Chee, H.P., Hazizi, A.S., Barakatun Nisak, M.Y., Mohd Nasir, M.T.

Malays J Nutr, 2014;20(2):165-181.
MyJurnal

Introduction: This study aimed to ascertain the effects of a Facebook-based physical activity intervention on improvements in step counts and metabolic syndrome. Methods: Government employees with metabolic syndrome were randomly assigned by cluster to the Facebook group (n = 44) or the control group (n = 103). All participants were asked to complete self-administered questionnaires at baseline, after the first and second phases. Data from anthropometric (weight, body mass index, fat mass, body fat percentage, waist circumference, hip circumference and waist-to-hip ratio), biochemical (total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides and fasting glucose) and clinical examinations (systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure) were collected. The number of steps per day was determined by a Lifecorder e- STEP accelerometer. Results: A significant difference in the number of steps per day between the baseline and the first phase (p

Matched MeSH terms: Fasting
Fulltext Which is a better anthropometric indicator of cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients? Waist hip ratio or body mass index?

Koo, H.C., S, Daniel Robert, Hamid Jan

Malays J Nutr, 2013;19(2):163-172.
MyJurnal

Introduction: The increasing prevalence of adiposity is associated with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The two most popular methods to measure adiposity are body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip-ratio (WHR), which measure the overall and abdominal adiposity, respectively. The aim of this study was to determine whether BMI or WHR was more strongly associated with macronutrient intakes and lipid profiles in T2DM patients. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 210 T2DM patients, mean age of 56.73(SD 10.23) years, were recruited from Penang. Information on socio-demographic, body measurements (height, weight, waist circumference and hip circumference)and macronutrient intakes (three 24-hour dietary recalls) were recorded. Routine laboratory tests (fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, LDL, HDL, triglyceride and total cholesterol) were performed according to standard procedure. Results:Among the respondents, 84% had abdominal and 63% had overall adiposity respectively.There was a significant correlation between WHR and the total calorie(r=0.27; p

Matched MeSH terms: Fasting
Fulltext The effect of increased consumption of edible palm oil on the nutritional status, lipid profiles and lipid peroxidation among Malaysian aborigines

Iskandar Zulkarnain Alias, Zaleha Md. Isa, Osman Ali, Khalid Abdul Kadir

Malays J Nutr, 2002;8(2):137-156.
MyJurnal

This study was conducted to determine the effects of increased edible palm oil consumption on community health status in the aboriginal communities in Tual Post (treatment group) and Sinderut Post (control group), Kuala Lipis, Pahang. Nutritional status, blood pressure, lipid profiles, fasting blood glucose (FBG), vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) levels and lipid peroxidation product (malonaldehyde) levels were taken as indicators of health status. This is a pre-and post-controlled community trial in which similar variables were measured in each group. Every family of 2–6 household members was given 2–5 kg cooking palm oil per month for a period of 18 months. All subjects were measured for height (cm), weight (kg) and waist-hip ratio (WHR). For calorie intake measurement, house-to-house interviews were conducted using 24-hour dietary recall method. Blood pressure, percent body fat, lipid profiles, namely total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were also measured. Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) levels and lipid peroxidation products (MDA) were also determined. There was a significant increase (p

Matched MeSH terms: Fasting
Fulltext Metabolic and immunologic alterations of ginger rhizome among streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic rats

Mansooreh, Sadat Mojani, Asmah Rahmat, Rajesh, Ramasamy, Vahid, Hosseinpour Sarmadi, Pratheep, Sandrasaigaran, Shalini, Vellasamy, et al.

Malays J Nutr, 2016;22(3):421-432.
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Introduction: This study was conducted to determine immunological and metabolic effects of different concentrations of ginger rhizome (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) in streptozotocin (STZ)-nicotinamide (NA) induced diabetic rats.

Methods: Forty-eight fasted male Sprague-Dawley rats were induced diabetes using a single intraperitoneal injection of NA(110 mg/kg b.w.) and STZ (65 mg/kg b.w, 15 min after NA). Diabetic rats orally received either different concentrations (250, 500 and 750 mg/kg body weight) of ginger rhizome suspension or glibenclamide (10 mg/kg body weight) for 6 weeks. Two control diabetic and normal groups were gavaged with only distilled water as a vehicle.

Results: The results indicated that the lower concentrations of ginger modulated body weight, fasting blood glucose, level of triglyceride and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) (p

Matched MeSH terms: Fasting
Fulltext Insulin resistance, inflammation and metabolic syndrome in normal weight and overweight/obese primary school children in Kuala Lumpur

Mohd Nasir Mohd Taib, Chin, Yit Siew, Zalilah Mohd Shariff, Tung, Serene En Hui, Yim, Hip Seng, Zubaidah Jamil Osman

Malays J Nutr, 2018;24(2):153-161.
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Introduction: Studies on metabolic syndrome (MetS) of children are important
in view of rising prevalence of childhood obesity worldwide. This study compares
the risks of insulin resistance, inflammation and metabolic syndrome between
overweight/obese (OW/OB) and normal weight (NW) children in Kuala Lumpur.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 12 primary schools selected
using multi-stage stratified random sampling. Height and weight were taken of a
total of 1971 children aged 10-11 years. Based on BMI-for-age, 235 OW/OB children
matched for age, sex and ethnicity with 226 NW children were selected for the study.
Overnight fasting blood samples were collected to determine insulin, high-sensitivity
C-reactive protein (hsCRP), glucose and lipid profiles. Logistic regression analysis
was conducted to estimate associations between weight status and metabolic risk
factors.

Results: Prevalence of MetS among OW/OB children was 3.8% compared to
0% in the NW. Prevalence of insulin resistance among OW/OB was 45.5% compared
to 18.6% among NW children. High risk of inflammation was found in 28.1% of the
OW/OB children compared to 12.4% in the NW. The odds ratio of having insulin
resistance, inflammation and metabolic risk factors among OW/OB were 3.66 (95%
CI: 2.40-5.59), 2.76 (95% CI: 1.69-4.50), 4.93 (95% CI: 3.42-7.10), respectively
compared to the NW.

Conclusion: The OW/OB children in this study showed higher
risks of developing insulin resistance, inflammation and MetS compared to the NW
counterparts. Further studies are suggested to better understand the relationships
between insulin resistance, inflammation and MetS in children.

Matched MeSH terms: Fasting
Fulltext The polycystic ovarian syndrome and infertility: a metabolic disorder that needs early diagnosis and treatment

Arumugam, K., Majeed, N.A.

JUMMEC, 2011;14(1):6-9.
MyJurnal

We investigated the association between polycystic ovarian syndrome, dyslipidemia and glucose intolerance in a cross sectional analysis comparing 50 patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and 50 patients without the disease (control group) who were attending the Infertility clinic. Variables of interest were their body-mass index (Kg/m2), fasting and blood glucose levels after a 75 gram oral glucose tolerance test and their total cholesterol (mmol/L), total triglycerides (mmol/L), high density cholesterol lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (mmol/L) and, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L) levels. Except for HDL where significantly lower values were observed, significantly higher levels were detected in patients with PCOS than that of the control group. The difference persisted even when the obesity index were adjusted and matched. We conclude that both glucose intolerance and dyslipidemia were significantly associated with PCOS irrespective of the obesity index.

Matched MeSH terms: Fasting
Fulltext Should statins be started in all type 2 diabetics irrespective of LDL-cholesterol level?

Vasanthakumar SS, Teng CL

Malays Fam Physician, 2007;2(2):74-75.
PMID: 25606085 MyJurnal

Mr S is a 38 year old Indian man who has type 2 diabetes mellitus for 3 years. He is currently on metformin 500mg BD. His BMI is 24.9 kg/m2 (weight 72 kg, height 170 cm). His blood glucose is well controlled (HbA1c 6%). His fasting lipid levels are as follow: Total cholesterol 5.0 mmol/L, HDL-C 1.60 mmol/L, LDL-C 2.6 mmol/L and triglyceride 0.9 mmol/L. He has no family history of acute myocardial infarction. He is a smoker (14 sticks/day, 12 years) but non-hypertensive. He asks if he should take atorvastatin, a lipid-lowering drug that his father is taking. Should statins be started in type 2 diabetic patients without pre-existing coronary artery disease whose lipid level is not elevated?

Matched MeSH terms: Fasting
Fulltext Comparison of markers for metabolic syndrome in day and shift male factory workers in Kota Bharu, Kelantan

Mohd Nazri, S., Tengku, M.A., Winn, T.

Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2006;6(1):64-69.
MyJurnal

There is concern that shift workers are at higher risk for metabolic syndrome (MS) . The syndrome is characterized by a constellation of metabolic risk factors in one individual. A cross-sectional study of 148 workers in one factory in Kota Bharu, Kelarttan was conducted to examine relationships between shift work and five of the MS rnk factors namely high blood pressure, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridaemia, hypo·I·IDL-cholesterolaemia and high body mass index (BMI) . Data was collected through a questionnaire on psychosocial and life-style factors, anthropometric and blood pressure measurements, fasting blood sugar and fasting lipid profile. The National Cholesterol Education Program’s Adult Treatment Panel III Report (NCEPATP III) with some modifications was used to determine the presence of risk factors for the metabolic syndrome, The prevalence of high blood pressure, hypertriglyceridaemia and high BMI were significantly higher among shift workers compared to day workers. There was no difference in the prevalence of hyperglycemia and hypo-HDL-cholesterolaemia. When the shift workers were compared with the
day workers, the proportion of workers having three or more risk factors for the syndrome was higher among shift workers which were 15.8% and 5.6% respectively.

Matched MeSH terms: Fasting
Fulltext The effect of low glycemic index bread eaten with different fillings on blood glucose response in healthy individuals

Barakatun Nisak Mohd Yusof, Ruzita Abd. Talib, Norimah A. Karim, Nor Azmi Kamarudin, Fatimah Arshad

Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2008;6(1):1-10.
MyJurnal

White and whole meal breads have been classified as high glycemic index (GI) foods which in turn produce the greatest rise in blood glucose. One of the commercial bread products in Malaysia known as Brown breads (BB) has been recently marketed as a healthy choice for diabetics due to its low GI value. This study was conducted to examine the effect of BB when eaten with different fillings on blood glucose response among healthy individuals and to describe the influences of these fillings in reducing blood glucose response. Five test meals using BB (BB eaten with baked beans, BB eaten with vegetable, BB eaten with apple, BB eaten with roast chicken and BB eaten with seaweeds) had been prepared for this study. Postprandial blood glucose response was determined for each test meal and reference food (glucose) that contained 50 g carbohydrate respectively. A total of 21 healthy subjects were recruited by advertisement to participate. Only 20 subjects (15 males, 5 females, Mean + SD Age : 24.4 + 3.7 years; BMI 23.4 + 3.0 kgm-2) completed this study. After an overnight fast, subjects consumed BB eaten with fillings according to the assigned group given and three repeated tests of reference food (glucose). Fasting capillary blood glucose samples were taken at time 0 and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 min respectively after the meal began. The blood glucose response was obtained by calculating the incremental area under the curve (AUC). Blood glucose response after consuming reference food (251.8 + 12.1 mmol.min/L) was significantly higher than all the test meals (p < 0.05). Among the test meals, BB eaten with baked beans produced the highest rise in blood glucose (97.0 + 16.9 mmol.min/L) whereas BB eaten with seaweeds demonstrated the lowest response in blood glucose (33.3 + 6.5 mmol.min/L) and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The postprandial blood glucose response after ingestion of BB when eaten with vegetable was 73.3 + 19.1 mmol.min/L followed by BB eaten with apple (58.9 + 12.2 mmol.min/L) and BB eaten with roast chicken (56.5 + 10.1 mmol.min/L). Generally, BB when eaten with fillings produced a slow rise in blood glucose response than the reference food. Combining this BB with fillings had the effect of reducing the postprandial blood glucose further.

Matched MeSH terms: Fasting
Fulltext Cardiovascular risks among shift and non-shift workers in a public medical centre in Kuala Lumpur

Moy, F.M., Hoe, V.C.W., Tan, C.P.L., Rosmawati, M.

JUMMEC, 2010;13(1):45-49.
MyJurnal

Night work and rotating shift work are found to be detrimental to the health of workers. A cross sectional analytical study was conducted among the employees of a public medical centre in Kuala Lumpur. A total of 380 employees participated in the health screening and questionnaire survey. The majority of the respondents were Malays, females, and with mean age of 49 years old. The shift workers persistently had higher but non-significant proportions of being overweight/obesity and unhealthy clinical indicators such as systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose and lipid profile except waist circumferences and HDL-cholesterol. There were also slightly more shift workers diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, hypertension or coronary heart disease (p>0.05). Although the present study could not provide established evidence for a relationship between shift work and cardiovascular risks, this could serve as a pilot study for future studies in this area.

Matched MeSH terms: Fasting
Fulltext Prevalence of obesity, lipid and glucose abnormalities in outpatients prescribed clozapine in University Malaya Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur

Sharmilla, T., Ahmad, H.S., Jambunathan, S.T.

Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 2008;17(2):1-10.
MyJurnal

Objective: The objectives of this study were to asses body mass index, fasting blood sugar , serum cholesterol levels and prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus among outpatients attending the Clozapine clinic at University Malaya Medical Center. Method: 36 patients had their height and weight taken at the start of the study. Their BMI (body mass index) was calculated. Fasting blood sugar, (FBS) and Fasting Serum Lipid (FSL) were performed. Result: The mean body mass index was 24.63. The prevalence of obesity was 13.89%. The prevalence of overweight was 27.8 % and the prevalence of underweight was 5.55%. The prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus was 2.78 %. Serum triglyceride levels appear to be elevated in those receiving Clozapine.Conclusion: It appears that Clozapine may predispose one to obesity. From our study we cannot conclude if Clozapine causes Diabetes Mellitus. However treatment with Clozapine may be associated with elevated levels of serum triglycerides.

Study site: Clozapine clinic at University Malaya Medical Center

Matched MeSH terms: Fasting
Fulltext Prevalence of dyslipidaemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and Its association to diabetic retinopathy in a Malaysian tertiary hospital

Samsudin IN, Md Saleh R, Thambiah SC, Mohamad Amir Hamzah AS, Wan Khalik WNF, George E

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2014;10(2):47-51.
MyJurnal

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a microvascular complication of diabetes, which is a cause of visual impairment and blindness. Its development and progression have been linked to dyslipidaemia, although the link remains inconclusive.
Aim: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of dyslipidaemia among type 2 diabetic patients with DR in a tertiary setting and to determine the association between dyslipidaemia and DR severity.
Materials and methods: This was a cross sectional study using retrospective data of type 2 diabetic patients attending the opthalmology clinic of a tertiary centre from January 2007 to June 2014. Results of their fasting lipid profile and clinical data were retrieved from the hospital information system.
Results: A total of 178 patient’s data were collected. 120 (n=67.4%) patients had non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NDPR) with moderate NPDR being the most prevalent. Dyslipidaemia was noted in 151 (84.8%) of the patients. Patients had a combination of more than one abnormality in the lipid profile with increased LDL-cholesterol being the main abnormality. Dyslipidaemia was however, not significantly associated with DR severity.
Conclusion: Dyslipidaemia was highly prevalent in DR patients. The dyslipidaemia was however not associated with severity of DR.
Study site: Ophthalmology clinic, Hospital (?name), Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Fasting
Fulltext Physical activity and cardiovascular risk factors among Malays in selected rural and urban communities in Sarawak

Cheah, Whye Lian, Helmy Hazmi, Chang, Ching Thon, Wan Manan Wan Muda

Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2015;15(3):104-111.
MyJurnal

The objective of this study was to describe the differences in physical activity with socio-demographic factors and its association with cardiovascular risk factors. It was a cross-sectional study among selected urban and rural Malays communities in Kuching and Samarahan. Physical activity data was obtained using International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) short version. Assessment of cardiovascular risk factors was based on blood pressure, fasting cholesterol and glucose and body mass index (BMI). Data was analysed using SPSS version 20. A total of 223 participated with higher response from rural areas (60.1%) and females (61.9%). More than half of the respondents (58.5%) were overweight and obese, with a mean BMI of 25.9 kg/m2 (SD=4.9). About 25% of the respondents were found to have blood pressure in the at-risk range. The prevalence of at-risk blood glucose was 52.3% with a mean value of 7.3mmol/L (SD=3.46). The prevalence of at-risk cholesterol were lower with 31.8%, mean value of 3.5 mmol/L (SD=2.94). There were more active respondents living in rural area (p=0.02). Logistics regression analysis showed that urban area (OR=1.988 95% CI 1.082 to 3.652), systolic blood pressure (OR1.020 95% CI 1.003 to 1.037) and blood cholesterol (OR0.884 95% CI 0.785 to 0.996) were associated with physical activity level. Change of physical activity due to urbanization can increase the risk of obesity and other chronic diseases. Efforts to include physical activity in intervention programme should be more intensified, with more provision of suitable built environment.

Matched MeSH terms: Fasting
Fulltext Glycaemic Control, Lipid Profile, Blood Pressure and Body Weight Status Among Diabetics in Rural Malaysia

Hazizi, A.S., Zaitun, Y., Kandiah, M., Chan, S.P.

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2009;8(2):21-28.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Diabetes is associated with a high risk of cardiovascular disease. The management of blood glucose, dyslipidaemia and other modifiable risk factor, is a key element in the multifactorial approach to prevent complications of type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted to determine the level of glycaemic control, lipid profile, blood pressure and body weight status among type 2 diabetics in rural Malaysia. A total of 237 diabetic subjects participated in this study. Physical examination was carried out, including measurements of height, weight, waist and hip circumferences, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Fasting venous blood samples were collected to determine the glucose level and lipid profile. Results: About 70% of the subjects had a high body mass index (BMI), equal to or above 25 kg/m2. More than 60% of the subjects had systolic blood pressure >= 140 mmHg and/or diastolic >=90 mmHg. Mean fasting blood glucose was 9.84±4.54 mmol/L. Mean total cholesterol was 5.18±1.35 mmol/L. High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) and triglyceride (TG) and glucose levels were higher in male than in female, but not statistically significant (p>0.05). However, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) was higher in females than males (p

Matched MeSH terms: Fasting
Fulltext Neutral effects of Tocotrienol-rich fraction supplementation on serum Lipids, C-reactive protein and Plasma Lipid Peroxidation in rabbits with severe Hypercholesterolaemia and Atherosclerosis

Azlina A. Razak, Effat Omar, Suhaila Muid, Hapizah Nawawi

Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2017;25(108):73-84.
MyJurnal

Tocotrienols have been reported to possess potent cholesterol lowering, anti-hypertensive, antiinflammatory and anti-oxidative properties which are superior to tocopherols. Emerging evidence suggests pure tocotrienols have anti-atherogenic properties. However, optimal doses of oftocotrienolrich fraction (TRF) in progressive atherogenesis remain unclear. This animal model experiment was designed to investigate the effects of a range concentration of TRF supplementation on the extent of atherosclerosis and soluble lipids, inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in high-cholesterol diet (HCD) induced hypercholesterolaemic (HC) rabbits with atherosclerosis. A total of 28 New Zealand white rabbits were given 1% high-cholesterol diet (HCD) for two months and then randomised into five groups: Placebo (n=7), TRF 15 mg/kg (n=5), TRF 30 mg/kg (n=6), TRF 60 mg/kg (n=5) and TRF 90 mg/kg (n=5) daily. The treatment was given for three months and the animals were fed HCD throughout the duration. Aortic vessels were obtained to assess the extent of atherosclerotic lesions at the end of the study. Fasting serum lipids (FSL), C-reactive protein (CRP), malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-isoprostane levels were measured at baseline, one and two months post-HCD, one, two, and three months postintervention. There were no differences in the extent of the atherosclerotic lesions, percentage changes of FSL, MDA, 8-isoprostane and CRP levels between the placebo and TRF groups. In conclusion, TRF across all doses studied have neutral effects on atherosclerotic lesions, soluble lipids, biomarkers of oxidative stress, coronary risk and inflammation in severely atherosclerotic rabbits with progressive and continuous insult by high cholesterol feeding.

Matched MeSH terms: Fasting
Fulltext Effects of Canarium odontophyllum leaves on plasma glucose and T lymphocyte population in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Saari SM, Basri DF, Budin SB, Warif NM

Saudi J Biol Sci, 2017 Feb;24(2):320-323.
PMID: 28149168 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.09.032

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease characterized by lack of insulin production. Immune mechanisms are implicated in the pathogenesis of Type 1 diabetes. Canarium odontophyllum (CO) fruits and leaves have been shown to possess high antioxidant activity. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of CO leaves aqueous extract on the blood glucose and T lymphocyte population in the spleen of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Nineteen male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal, diabetic control and CO treated diabetic groups. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of 65 mg STZ/kg body weight. The extract of CO leaves was administered orally by force feeding daily at the dose of 300 mg/kg for 28 days. The rats were sacrificed at the end of the study and the spleen was harvested for flow cytometry analysis. The results showed a significant decrease in body weight of diabetic and CO treated diabetic groups compared with the normal group (p

Matched MeSH terms: Fasting

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