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  1. Fulltext Metaheuristic approaches for urban transit scheduling problem: a review
    Vikneswary Uvaraja, Lee, Lai Soon
    Journal of Advanced Review on Scientific Research, 2017;34(1):11-25.
    MyJurnal
    Urban Transit Network Design Problem (UTNDP) focuses on deriving useful set of
    routes, manageable timetabling for each transit route and transit scheduling based on
    available resources. UTNDP is commonly subdivided into Urban Transit Routing
    Problem (UTRP) and Urban Transit Scheduling Problem (UTSP), respectively. There are
    various approaches applied to solve the UTSP. The aim of this paper is to give a
    comprehensive list of studies on UTSP that deals with metaheuristic approaches such
    as Tabu Search, Simulated Annealing, Genetic Algorithm and their hybrid methods. This
    review also addressed possible gaps of the approaches and the limitations of the
    overall problem. It can be concluded that only some of the metaheuristic approaches
    and sub-problems are highly studied in UTSP. This review will be useful for researchers
    who are interested in expanding their knowledge and conduct research in UTSP using
    metaheuristic approaches.
    Matched MeSH terms: Research; Research Personnel
  2. Fulltext Lane detection using a stereo vision camera
    M. Farihin Talib, Anuar, A.A., Mohd Fauzi Othman, Masoud Samadi
    Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology, 2016;5(2):55-61.
    MyJurnal
    Nowadays, intelligent vehicles have received a considerable attention among the
    researchers to reduce the number of collisions and road accidents. One of the
    challenging tasks for these vehicles is road lane detection or road boundaries
    detection. In this research, a lane detection algorithm was developed to detect the
    right and left lane markers on the road by using two cameras which act as a stereo
    vision for the system. It is based on edge detection by using Canny Edge Detection to
    reduce unnecessary data on the images and to perform features recognition for the
    lane. After the features has been extracted, the algorithm is followed by Hough
    Transform method to generate the detected lines on the image obtained from the
    stereo vision camera. The algorithm has to work in different environment to be used
    in real world applications. The stereo vision algorithm is implemented to generate
    disparity map of area. This helps to gain more information on environment, such as the
    estimated distance of the lines, the distance of the vehicle to the turns. The experiment
    result shows the detection of right and left lane on the road with disparity map to
    determine an estimate of the distance of detected lanes from the stereo vision camera.
    Matched MeSH terms: Research; Research Personnel
  3. Fulltext Heuristics and metaheuristics approaches for Facility Layout Problems: a survey
    Nurul Nadia Nordin, Lee, Lai Soon
    The Pertanika Journal of Scholarly Research Reviews, 2016;2(3):62-76.
    MyJurnal
    Facility Layout Problem (FLP) is a NP-hard problem concerned with the arrangement of facilities as to minimize the distance travelled between all pairs of facilities. Many exact and approximate approaches have been proposed with an extensive applicability to deal with this problem. This paper studies the fundamentals of some well-known heuristics and metaheuristics used in solving the FLPs. It is hoped that this paper will trigger researchers for in-depth studies in FLPs looking into more specific interest such as equal or unequal FLPs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Research; Research Personnel
  4. What Has Come out from Phytomedicines and Herbal Edibles for the Treatment of Cancer?
    Bonam SR, Wu YS, Tunki L, Chellian R, Halmuthur MSK, Muller S, et al.
    ChemMedChem, 2018 09 19;13(18):1854-1872.
    PMID: 29927521 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800343
    Several modern treatment strategies have been adopted to combat cancer with the aim of minimizing toxicity. Medicinal plant-based compounds with the potential to treat cancer have been widely studied in preclinical research and have elicited many innovations in cutting-edge clinical research. In parallel, researchers have eagerly tried to decrease the toxicity of current chemotherapeutic agents either by combining them with herbals or in using herbals alone. The aim of this article is to present an update of medicinal plants and their bioactive compounds, or mere changes in the bioactive compounds, along with herbal edibles, which display efficacy against diverse cancer cells and in anticancer therapy. It describes the basic mechanism(s) of action of phytochemicals used either alone or in combination therapy with other phytochemicals or herbal edibles. This review also highlights the remarkable synergistic effects that arise between certain herbals and chemotherapeutic agents used in oncology. The anticancer phytochemicals used in clinical research are also described; furthermore, we discuss our own experience related to semisynthetic derivatives, which are developed based on phytochemicals. Overall, this compilation is intended to facilitate research and development projects on phytopharmaceuticals for successful anticancer drug discovery.
    Matched MeSH terms: Research; Research Personnel
  5. Fulltext Teamwork process among Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia (AIM) participants. Case study in Hulu Langat district
    Nur Asiyah Che Saari, Wan Munira Jaafar, Nobaya Ahmad
    Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2018;3(4):50-59.
    MyJurnal
    The present research sought to examine the teamwork performance among AIM microcredit
    participants based on Tuckman (1965) model. Hence, the author elaborates the level of teamwork
    process such as forming, norming, storming and performing in a group among AIM participant in
    Daerah Hulu Langat. The AIM is replication of the Grameen Bank approach in Malaysia and the
    teamwork concept was apply which is the scheme must be apply in a group and not in individual. Selfadministrative
    questionnaire was applied to conduct a data collection and a sample of 160 respondents
    among participant from Sungai Gabai, Sungai Ramal, Sungai Chua, Sungai Tangkas, Bukit Mewah,
    Semenyih and Sungai Jelok in Kajang were chosen based on stratified and simple random sampling
    techniques to complete the survey. Researcher suggests the finding indicate that the high level stage in
    teamwork process is forming, storming and performing stage. Only norming stage was in moderate
    level. Consequently, high and positive teamwork resulted efficiencies in the microfinance group.
    Teamwork with the right process can achieved positive outcome among AIM microcredit participants.
    Matched MeSH terms: Research; Research Personnel
  6. Prediction of tool life in end milling of Ti-6A1-4V alloy using artificial neural network and multiple regression models
    SALAH AL-ZUBAIDI, JAHARAH A. GHANI, CHE HASSAN CHE HARON
    Sains Malaysiana, 2013;42:1735-1741.
    Tool life of the cutting tools is considered as one of the factors which has effects on machining costs and the quality of machined parts. The topic of tool life prediction has been an interesting and important research topic attracting the attention of a wide number of researchers in this particular area. In terms of the suitable methods used in this research topic, it is stated that both statistical and artificial intelligence (AI) approaches can be employed to model tool life. For further justifying the capability of the ANN model in predicting tool life, the current study was based on conducting experimental work for collecting the experimental data. After carrying out the experiment, 17 data sets were collected and they were divided into two subsets; the first one for training and the second for testing. Since the data sets seemed to be lower than the number of data sets used in previous studies, we attempted to make verification of the ability of the ANN model in learning and adapting with low training and testing data. Diverse topologies accompanied with single and two hidden layers were created for modeling the tool life. For choosing the best and most effective network, the study adopted the mean square error function as criteria for the evaluation of the network selection. Thus, based on the data generated from the same experiment, a regression model (RM) was constructed employing the SPSS software. A comparison between the ANN model and RMs in terms of their accuracy was carried out and the findings revealed that the accuracy of the ANN was higher than that of the RM.
    Matched MeSH terms: Research; Research Personnel
  7. Sensitivity analysis of the refinement to the mann-whitney test
    Abdul Rahman Othman, Lai CH
    Sains Malaysiana, 2014;43:1095-1100.
    The aim of researchers when comparing two independent groups is to collect large normally distributed samples unless they lack the resources to access them. In these situations, there are a myriad of non-parametric tests to select, of which the Mann Whitney U test is the most commonly used. In spite of its great advantages of usage, the U test is capable of producing inflated Type I error when applied in situation of heterogeneity or distinct variances. This current study will present a viable alternative called the refined Mann-Whitney test (RMW). A Monte Carlo evaluation test is conducted on RMW using artificial data of various combinations of extreme test conditions. This study reviews that the RMW test justified its development by enhancing the performance of the U test. The RMW test is able to control well its Type I error rates even though it has a lower power.
    Matched MeSH terms: Research; Research Personnel
  8. Representing landslides as polygon (areal) or points? How different data types influence the accuracy of landslide susceptibility maps
    Simon N, de Roiste M, Crozier M, Abdul Ghani Rafek
    Sains Malaysiana, 2017;46:27-34.
    In the literatures, discussions on the accuracy of different models for landslide analysis have been discussed widely.
    However, to date, arguments on the type of input data (landslides in the form of point or polygon) and how they affect
    the accuracy of these models can hardly be found. This study assesses how different types of data (point or polygon)
    applied to the same model influence the accuracy of the model in determining areas susceptible to landsliding. A total
    of 137 landslides was digitised as polygon (areal) units and then transformed into points; forming two separate datasets
    both representing the same landslides within the study area. These datasets were later separated into training and
    validation datasets. The polygon unit dataset uses the area density technique reported as percentage, while the point
    data uses the landslide density technique, as means of assigning weighting to landslide factor maps to generate the
    landslide susceptibility map that is based on the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) model. Both data groups show striking
    differences in terms of mapping accuracy for both training and validation datasets. The final landslide susceptibility
    map using area density (polygon) as input only has 48% (training) and 35% (validation) accuracy. The accuracy for
    the susceptibility map using the landslide density as input data achieved 89% and 82% for both training and validation
    datasets, respectively. This result showed that the selection of the type of data for landslide analysis can be critical in
    producing an acceptable level of accuracy for the landslide susceptibility map. The authors hope that the finding of this
    research will assist landslide investigators to determine the appropriateness of the type of landslide data because it will
    influence the accuracy of the final landslide potential map.
    Matched MeSH terms: Research; Research Personnel
  9. Fulltext A Review on the Kenaf/Glass Hybrid Composites with Limitations on Mechanical and Low Velocity Impact Properties
    Ahmad Nadzri SNZ, Hameed Sultan MT, Md Shah AU, Safri SNA, Basri AA
    Polymers (Basel), 2020 Jun 04;12(6).
    PMID: 32512701 DOI: 10.3390/polym12061285
    Environmental awareness and trends to develop sustainable resources have directed much research attention towards kenaf fibre as an alternative reinforcement in composite manufacturing. Numerous studies have been conducted on kenaf and its hybrid composites. Most studies were conducted on kenaf/glass hybrid composites compared to other kenaf/synthetic hybrid composites. Similar with other materials, mechanical properties were the fundamental knowledge identified by the researcher. Limited studies conducted on other properties have restricted the use of kenaf composites to non-structural applications. To extend the potential of kenaf composites to automotive exterior or other critical applications, studies on impact properties can be a valuable contribution in the material field. This review discusses the mechanical and low velocity impact properties of kenaf/glass hybrid composites reported previously. Percentage loading of fibre, the angle of orientation in woven fibres and the chemical treatment applied to the fibre before compounding are the three major parameters that affect the mechanical and impact properties of the composites. This review provides insights into the mechanical and impact properties of kenaf/glass hybrid composites for future research.
    Matched MeSH terms: Research; Research Personnel
  10. Fulltext Editorial: A New Achievement to the European Endodontic Journal and Appreciation to Editors and Reviewers
    Davut Capar I, Aly Ahmed HM
    Eur Endod J, 2020;5(1):1.
    PMID: 32342029 DOI: 10.14744/eej.2020.1
    Matched MeSH terms: Peer Review, Research*
  11. A review of lung cancer research in Malaysia
    Kan CS, Chan KM
    Med J Malaysia, 2016 06;71(Suppl 1):70-78.
    PMID: 27801389 MyJurnal
    Lung cancer is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in Malaysia and worldwide. This paper reviews all research and publications on lung cancer in Malaysia published between 2000-2015. 89 papers were identified, of which 64 papers were selected and reviewed on the basis of their relevance to the review. The epidemiology, risk factors, cell types, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, outcomes, prevention, and the social impact of lung cancer in the country are reviewed and summarized. The clinical relevance of the studies done in the country are discussed along with recommendations for future research.
    Matched MeSH terms: Research/trends*
  12. Editorial for the Special Issue: Revolutionizing Regenerative Research Strategies Toward Precision Medicine-Asia-Pacific Region
    Ramasamy R, Yahaya BH, Tan SL
    Tissue Eng Part C Methods, 2022 10;28(10):499-500.
    PMID: 36326783 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2022.29035.editorial
    Matched MeSH terms: Research Design*
  13. Fulltext Toward developing a sustainability index for the Islamic Social Finance program: An empirical investigation
    Widiastuti T, Prasetyo A, Robani A, Mawardi I, Rosida R, Al Mustofa MU
    PLoS One, 2022;17(11):e0276876.
    PMID: 36413519 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276876
    Several previous studies state that the Islamic Social Finance program has not fully succeeded in creating prosperity, and there are no definite measurements to show the sustainability impact of the program. Thus, a measurement is needed to analyze various aspects in achieving the success and sustainability of Islamic social finance programs. This study developed an index for performance evaluation with an emphasis on the success and sustainability of the Islamic Social Finance program. The study used the Analytical Network Process to determine and analyze priority components. Furthermore, the Multistage Weighted Index method was used to calculate the final index score. The index was built by taking into consideration various factors, stakeholders, aspects, and indicators. This study indicates that aspects of funding contribution from donors (0.22), involvement of donors in giving advice (0.99), and controlling of supervisor (0.08) are priority aspects in the success and sustainability of the program. An empirical investigation was performed on three different programs in Indonesia: A, B, and C. Program A (0.81) and C (0.80) have succeeded in improving the beneficiaries' quality of life to the level of economic resilience, although at a low level of sustainability (76-84.33). On the other hand, program B (0.73) is at the economic reinforcement and has not yet achieved sustainability. This index can be seen as a comprehensive tool for measuring the success and sustainability of the program at several levels.
    Matched MeSH terms: Research Design*
  14. Fulltext An empirical study on Resource Description Framework reification for trustworthiness in knowledge graphs
    Govindapillai S, Soon LK, Haw SC
    F1000Res, 2021;10:881.
    PMID: 34900233 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.72843.2
    Knowledge graph (KG) publishes machine-readable representation of knowledge on the Web. Structured data in the knowledge graph is published using Resource Description Framework (RDF) where knowledge is represented as a triple (subject, predicate, object). Due to the presence of erroneous, outdated or conflicting data in the knowledge graph, the quality of facts cannot be guaranteed. Trustworthiness of facts in knowledge graph can be enhanced by the addition of metadata like the source of information, location and time of the fact occurrence. Since RDF does not support metadata for providing provenance and contextualization, an alternate method, RDF reification is employed by most of the knowledge graphs. RDF reification increases the magnitude of data as several statements are required to represent a single fact. Another limitation for applications that uses provenance data like in the medical domain and in cyber security is that not all facts in these knowledge graphs are annotated with provenance data. In this paper, we have provided an overview of prominent reification approaches together with the analysis of popular, general knowledge graphs Wikidata and YAGO4 with regard to the representation of provenance and context data. Wikidata employs qualifiers to include metadata to facts, while YAGO4 collects metadata from Wikidata qualifiers. However, facts in Wikidata and YAGO4 can be fetched without using reification to cater for applications that do not require metadata. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper that investigates the method and the extent of metadata covered by two prominent KGs, Wikidata and YAGO4.
    Matched MeSH terms: Research Design; Empirical Research
  15. Fulltext A collaborative approach for research paper recommender system
    Haruna K, Akmar Ismail M, Damiasih D, Sutopo J, Herawan T
    PLoS One, 2017;12(10):e0184516.
    PMID: 28981512 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184516
    Research paper recommenders emerged over the last decade to ease finding publications relating to researchers' area of interest. The challenge was not just to provide researchers with very rich publications at any time, any place and in any form but to also offer the right publication to the right researcher in the right way. Several approaches exist in handling paper recommender systems. However, these approaches assumed the availability of the whole contents of the recommending papers to be freely accessible, which is not always true due to factors such as copyright restrictions. This paper presents a collaborative approach for research paper recommender system. By leveraging the advantages of collaborative filtering approach, we utilize the publicly available contextual metadata to infer the hidden associations that exist between research papers in order to personalize recommendations. The novelty of our proposed approach is that it provides personalized recommendations regardless of the research field and regardless of the user's expertise. Using a publicly available dataset, our proposed approach has recorded a significant improvement over other baseline methods in measuring both the overall performance and the ability to return relevant and useful publications at the top of the recommendation list.
    Matched MeSH terms: Research*
  16. Increased Beat-to-Beat Blood Pressure Variability Is Associated With Impaired Cognitive Function
    Asmuje NF, Mat S, Goh CH, Myint PK, Tan MP
    Am J Hypertens, 2022 Dec 08;35(12):998-1005.
    PMID: 36153737 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpac107
    BACKGROUND: Emerging evidence has linked visit-to-visit, day-to-day and 24-h ABPM blood pressure variability (BPV) with cognitive impairment. Few studies have, however, considered beat-to-beat BPV. This study, therefore, evaluated the relationship between beat-to-beat BPV and cognitive function among community-dwellers aged 55 years and over.

    METHODS: Data was obtained from the Malaysian Elders Longitudinal Research (MELoR) study, which employed random stratified sampling from three parliamentary constituencies within the Klang Valley. Beat-to-beat blood pressure (BP) was recorded using non-invasive BP monitoring (TaskforceTM, CNSystems). Low frequency (LF), high frequency (HF) and low-to-high frequency (LF:HF) ratio for BPV were derived using fast Fourier transformation. Cognition was evaluated using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test, and categorized into normal aging, mild impairment and moderate-to-severe impairment.

    RESULTS: Data from 1,140 individuals, mean age (SD) 68.48 (7.23) years, were included. Individuals with moderate-to-severe impairment had higher HF-BPV for systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure compared to individuals within the normal aging group [OR (95% CI) = 2.29 (1.62-3.24)] and [OR (95% CI) = 1.80 (1.32-2.45)], while HF-SBPV [OR (95% CI) = 1.41 (1.03-1.93)] but not HF-DBPV was significantly higher with mild impairment compared to normal aging after adjustments for potential confounders. Moderate-to-severe impairment was associated with significantly lower LF:HF-SBPV [OR (95% CI) = 0.29 (0.18-0.47)] and LF:HF-DBPV [OR (95% CI) = 0.49 (0.34-0.72)], while mild impairment was associated with significantly lower LF:HF-SBPV [OR (95% CI) = 0.52 (0.34-0.80)] but not LF:HF-DBPV [OR (95% CI) = 0.81 (0.57-1.17)], compared to normal aging with similar adjustments.

    CONCLUSION: Higher HF-BPV, which indicates parasympathetic activation, and lower LF:HF-BPV, which addresses sympathovagal balance, were observed among individuals with moderate-to-severe cognitive impairment. Future studies should determine whether BPV could be a physiological marker or modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline.

    Matched MeSH terms: Research Design*
  17. British Journal of Biomedical Science in 2021. What have we learned?
    Orchard G, Rhodes A, Brown NW
    Br J Biomed Sci, 2021 10;78(4):159-166.
    PMID: 34850663 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2021.1982279
    Matched MeSH terms: Biomedical Research*
  18. Action research studies in the intensive care setting: a systematic review
    Soh KL, Davidson PM, Leslie G, Bin Abdul Rahman A
    Int J Nurs Stud, 2011 Feb;48(2):258-68.
    PMID: 21030021 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2010.09.014
    To review published studies using action research in the intensive care unit (ICU) in order to provide an intervention framework to improve clinical outcomes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Health Services Research*
  19. The split-mouth investigation and statistical computation
    Gadde P, Arunachalam S, Sharan J
    Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 2022 Nov;162(5):591-592.
    PMID: 37830531 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2022.07.017
    Matched MeSH terms: Research Design*
  20. Research in medical education is not just on telling a story
    Azer SA
    Saudi Med J, 2010 Apr;31(4):456-8.
    PMID: 20383430
    Matched MeSH terms: Research Design*
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